2. Functional Operation
Transcript of 2. Functional Operation
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FUNCTIONAL OPERATION 1
Pasolink+ XPIC Training Course.
FUNCTIONAL OPERATION
CHAPTER 02
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FUNCTIONAL OPERATION 2
1. System Configuration (1/3)
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1. System Configuration (2/3)
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FUNCTIONAL OPERATION 4
1. System Configuration (3/3)
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FUNCTIONAL OPERATION 5
2. General Signal Flow for 11-38 GHz OMT (1+0) (1/4)
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FUNCTIONAL OPERATION 6
2. General Signal Flow for 6-38 GHz feeder connection (1+0) (2/4)
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FUNCTIONAL OPERATION 7
2. General Signal Flow for 11-38 GHz using OMT (1+1) (3/4)
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2. General Signal Flow for 6-38 GHz using hybrid (1+1) (4/4)
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3. IDU Block Diagram for (1+0) (1/2)
*1 Optional.
*2 One of 150M INTFC, OPT INTFC or 10/100BASE-T
INTFC may be used.
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FUNCTIONAL OPERATION 10
3. IDU Block Diagram for (1+1) (2/2)
*1 Optional.
*2 One of 150M INTFC, OPT INTFC or 10/100BASE-T
INTFC may be used.
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4. ODU Block Diagram
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5. Alarm and Control (1/17)
The functions of the alarm and control circuit are as follows:
1. Alarm indication and reporting.
2. Performance monitoring/metering data reporting.
3. Automatic laser shutdown control (OPT INTFC module).
4. Automatic transmitter power control.
5. Loopback control.
6. Far-end link down control.
7. MS-AIS generation.
8. XPIC reset control.
9. Network Management (Optional).
10. Optional Interface Card.
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FUNCTIONAL OPERATION 13
5. Alarm and Control (2/17)
1. Alarm and Control Block Diagram (for 1+0)
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FUNCTIONAL OPERATION 14
5. Alarm and Control (3/17)
1. Alarm and Control Block Diagram (for 1+1)
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5. Alarm and Control (4/17)
5.1 Alarm Indication and Reporting
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5. Alarm and Control (5/17)
5.1 Alarm Indication and Reporting(Cont.)
Note: In 1 + 0 system, ALM LEDs are applied only No. 1 side.
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FUNCTIONAL OPERATION 17
5. Alarm and Control (6/17)
5.2 Performance Monitoring/Metering Data Reporting
1. To monitor the transmission quality on the STM-1 transmission, the equipment is provided with the
performance monitoring and the metering functions.
2. The CTRL module, polls the different modules and gathers PM/Metering information.
3. A “invalid” displayed in the PM results screen indicates that the value is illegal.
4. When the equipment clock setting is changed or the power is turned on/off, the PM value is judged to be
invalid.
5. A “MAINT” is displayed if the PM results are obtained while the equipment is in maintenance mode.6. The monitoring items are as follows:
1. Out of Frame Second (OFS)
2. Background Block Error (BBE)
3. Error Seconds (ES)
4. Severely Error Seconds (SES)
5. Unavailable Second (UAS)
6. TX POWER7. RX LEVEL
8. ODU PS MON
9. Bit Error Rate (BER)
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FUNCTIONAL OPERATION 18
5. Alarm and Control (7/17)
5.3 ALS (OPT INTFC Module).
1. The IDU is provided with the automatic laser shutdown (ALS) function that can be enabled or
disabled.
1. If the ALS function is enabled, the laser output is periodically turned ON and OFF when the optical
cable carrying the STM-1 signal is disconnected inadvertently, or intentionally during maintenance.
1. If the ALS function is disabled, the laser output is always ON even if the optical cable is
disconnected.
ALS System Functional Block Diagram
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FUNCTIONAL OPERATION 19
5. Alarm and Control (8/17)
The automatic transmit power control (ATPC) function automatically
varies the TX output power according to path conditions. In the 6 to 38
GHz band, fading exerts heavy influences on propagation, causing thereceive signal level at the opposite station to vary. The ATPC function
operates by controlling the transmit output power of the opposite station
according to the variation of the received signal level at the local station.
ATPC provides the following advantages:
•• Improvement in up fading characteristics
•• Improvement in residual BER characteristics
•• Reduction of interference to intra system
•• Reduction of interference to inter system
ATPC improves the BER characteristics under adverse changes in
climatic conditions and reduces the possibility of interference. To
implement ATPC, the receiving level (RX IN LEV) is detected by the
receiver (RX) and passed on to the CPU in the CTRL circuit of the
MODEM module. The CPU then determines whether the transmit output
power needs to be controlled. This is based on the transmit output
power, the minimum and maximum values of the output control range,and the receiving threshold level that were previously specified using the
LCT or PNMT.
A control signal (POWER CONT), whose function is to maintain the RX
signal level by lowering or raising the TX output power of the opposite
station, is generated by the MODEM module through the CPU circuit. Thiscontrol signal is based on the result of comparison between the current
receiver input level and the preset receiving threshold level. Using RFCOH
bits, this control signal is sent to the opposite station to control its transmit
output power.
At the opposite station, this control signal is detected by the MODEM
module. The MODEM module, in accordance with this control signal,
produces a control that will either raise, lower or maintain the current TX
output power.
The ATPC Control System of Pasolink Mx transmits the information on the
receiving level to the opposite station and controls the transmission level of
its own station in accordance with the receiving level of the opposite
station. Transmission level control can be used not only for setting the same
operation (ATPC-ATPC) between own station and opposite station but also
for operation in combination of stations with different operation (MTPC-
ATPC, ATPC-MTPC) between own station and opposite station. The
station set in MTPC mode is not controlled by the information from
opposite station but is fixed in its transmitting output level.
Even if the station is set in the MTPC mode, the opposite station is likely to
be set in the ATPC mode. Therefore, setting the RX Threshold (Receiving
threshold level) is required for controlling the transmission level of the
opposite station. Between the stations that are respectively set in the MTPC
mode, however, the setting is disabled.
5.4 Automatic Transmit Power Control (ATPC).
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FUNCTIONAL OPERATION 20
5. Alarm and Control (9/17)
ATPC setting parameters:-
1- TX max. = Nominal – (0 ~ 10dB)2- TX min. = Nominal – (0 ~ 20dB)
3- ATPC RX threshold (Reference ) = -30 ~-70dB
- ATPC will start with the TX min. power
- When the RX level of the opposite site is decreased to be below the reference RX
- The ATPC Will start increasing the TX power up to TX max. in one dB steps until increasing the RX level
of the opposite site to be over the reference level
- The ATPC will maintain the RX level within 5 dB over the reference level
5.4 Automatic Transmit Power Control (ATPC) Cont.
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FUNCTIONAL OPERATION 21
ATPC hysteresis(provisioning)ATPC Rx Threshold
(provisioning)
Min Tx Lev(Provisioning)
Max. Tx Lev(Provisioning)
Tx Out
Low
High
Rx Lev
Fading
Fading
High
Low
ShallowDeep
ShallowDeep
The ATPC Control transmits the information
on the receiving level to the opposite station
and controls the transmission level of its own
station in accordance with the receiving level
of the opposite station.
The ATPC Control can be used in several
configurations:
ATPC - ATPC
MTPC - ATPC
ATPC - MTPC
5. Alarm and Control (10/17)
5.4 Automatic Transmit Power Control (ATPC) Cont.
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FUNCTIONAL OPERATION 22
5. Alarm and Control (11/17)
5.5 XPIC Reset Control.
The XPIC RESET control is performed when the system is in following Conditions:-
1. Frame Synchronization is lost (FASYNC) at the DEM module in the Co-pol. channel.
2. At the DEM module in the Co-pol. channel, IF signal from X-pol. channel is lost.
3. The system is controlled in IF loopback (IF-LB) condition with the LCT, PNMS or PNMT.
4. The XPIC RESET control is executed from the LCT, PNMS or PNMT.
5. The XPIC RESET control is applied from the DEM module in the Xpol. channel.
XPIC Rest Remote Control
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FUNCTIONAL OPERATION 23
5. Alarm and Control (12/17)
5.6 Loop Back Control.
The loopback function is provided for checking the system quality during maintenance and/or to quickly isolate a fault location.
The control is performed by the LCT, the PNMT or the PNMS.
Provided here is the control of the:-
A- STM-1 Near End Loop Back.
B- STM-1 Far End Loop Back.
C- IF Loop Back.
Loop Back Location
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FUNCTIONAL OPERATION 24
5. Alarm and Control (13/17)
5.7 Far End Link Down Control.
1. Far-end link down control provides two kinds of functions for 10/100BASE-T INTFC.
2. One is to automatically stop the output from the LAN port to alert the equipment connected with the LAN port whenthe system has been disconnected by the fault in the radio section.
3. The other is to transmit the information for cutting the link interconnected with the LAN port in the opposite station
when the link between the LAN port and equipment is faulty.
4. This function can be selected by setting “Provisioning” on LCT to “Enable” or “Disable” .
Far End Link down Control
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FUNCTIONAL OPERATION 25
5. Alarm and Control (14/17)
5.8 MS-AIS Generation.
When any fault occurs in the Pasolink+ equipment or radio section, or when STM-1 input signal
disappears. The function of MS-AIS Generation causes the STM-1 output signal from Pasolink+
equipment to be stopped and/or non-frame signal (all “1”) to be output, to detect the fault in the
MUX equipment of the opposite station.
This function can be selected by setting “Provisioning” on LCT to “Enable” or “Disable” . Normally,
this function is set to “Enable”. If this function is set to “Disable”, the function of MS-AIS
Generation is stopped.
MS-AIS Generation
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FUNCTIONAL OPERATION 26
5. Alarm and Control (15/17)
5.9 Network Management System.
The pasolink network management system (PNMS) is connected to the PNMS V.11/LAN connector of
the IDU located at the designated maintenance center while the pasolink network management
terminal (PNMT) is connected to the PNMT connector on the IDU of remote stations.
The PNMT/PNMS provides real-time monitoring and control of the microwave link status and its
associated Pasolink equipment. Status information from and control signals to remote stations
are transmitted using RFCOH.
Note:
This DSC channel is multiplexed on the main signal for subsequent transmission to the opposite
station. If the IF loopback is executed the DSC channel of the station under maintenance willalso be looped back, thereby making it impossible to monitor or control the opposite and the
subsequent stations.
Network Management System.
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FUNCTIONAL OPERATION 27
5. Alarm and Control (16/17)
5.10 Optional Interface Card..
The LAN Card and Cluster Alarm Interface Card are provided as optional Sub-interface cards. By
mounting the LAN Card in the IDU of the system, an auxiliary transmission channel can be
provided.
LAN Card
The LAN Card can provide an auxiliary transmission channel for an LAN signal using the following
overhead channel:
128 QAM system :- 64K, DSC or RSOH (E1/F1).
Assignment of LAN Card is selected from the “OH Assignment” menu under Provisioning.
The LAN Card has a bridge function, and it can store 10,000 Media Access Control (MAC) address,
which is updated in every 5 minutes.
ALARM INTERFACE
The Alarm Interface Card allows extension of two cluster alarm signals for internal/external alarms to
the remote station using 64K,
DSC or RSOH (E1/F1) overhead channel.
Assignment of Alarm Interface Card is selected from the “OH Assignment” menu under Provisioning.
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FUNCTIONAL OPERATION 28
5. Alarm and Control (17/17)
5.10 Optional Interface Card (Cont.)
Example of Use Optional LAN Card.
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FUNCTIONAL OPERATION 29
Protection switching in Pasolink (1+1 ) system has several switching priorities.
Priority 1: Remote switching Control
TX switching
Switching is initiated from external equipment (LCT/PNMT)Priority 2: Automatic switching control
For any alarm in the online equipment, traffic will be switched to the standby equipment automatically.
TX and RX switchover are performed independently.
In the (1+1)HS system transmit
switching is carried out by setting
the standby ODU out put to off
by Muting it. The data signal istransmitted in parallel to both
CH1 and CH2.
RX switching
When the Online RX CH fails,
the ALM CONT circuit in the
SW Board initiate a RX SW
Control signal to switch to thestandby CH provided it is in
normal operating condition.
6. PROTECTION SWITCHING
When Hitless switch is used make sure that the difference between the two IF cable lengths are less than 50 meters
TX PWR ALM
TX LO APC ALM
ODU IF INPUT ALM
MOD ALM
TX DPU ALM
CPU ALM
RX LEV ALM
RX LO APC ALM
DEM ALM
FSYNC ALM
HIGH BER ALM
OPR ALM
CPU ALM