1.What is a meta-analysis (2 pts)? 2.What is reciprocal inhibition (2 pts)? 3.Compare and contrast...
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Transcript of 1.What is a meta-analysis (2 pts)? 2.What is reciprocal inhibition (2 pts)? 3.Compare and contrast...
1. What is a meta-analysis (2 pts)?
2. What is reciprocal inhibition (2 pts)?
3. Compare and contrast The Rorschach test and the TAT (4 pts.).
Extra Credit
1. According to Pinker, ________ has been declining since 1946.
2. Who asked Pinker a question about video games?
3. Which celebrity did Pinker mention at the beginning of his lecture on language?
4. Pinker proposed a number of reasons to explain profanity. List three or more. (Incorrect answers will result in point deductions.
You are of no use to me.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AukrpAoAYY0
Smith and Glass (1977)• Mary Lee Smith
• Gene V. Glass– Educational psychologists at ASU
Smith and Glass (1977)
• Meta-Analysis aimed at comparing different types of psychotherapy– Increases in self-esteem
– Reductions in anxiety
– Improvements in school performance
– Improved general adjustment
Smith and Glass (1977)• Conclusions
– Psychotherapy works
– No difference between types
– Continued meta-analyses are necessary
Wolpe (1961)• Joseph Wolpe (1915-1997)
– Born in South Africa
– Temple Medical School
• You can’t treat phobias with Freudian concepts
• Reciprocal Inhibition
Wolpe (1961)
• Relaxation Training
• Construct the Anxiety Hierarchy
• Desensitize Progressively
Rorschach (1942)• Hermann Rorschach (1884-1922)
– Swiss Psychoanalyst
Rorschach (1942)• Criteria for images
– Simple, symmetrical, and “moderately suggestive of objects”
• Record– Number of responses and reaction time (or
lack of reaction)
– Did the subject add color or movement?
– How many parts were perceived?
– What exactly was seen?
Rorschach (1942)• Criticisms
– Can you test validity?
• Promising results– Pre-diagnosed
individuals
– Identifying extreme cases
• Applications– Group discussions
– Conversation starters
Murray (1938)• Henry Murray (1893-1988)
– Harvard
– Secret Service and Espionage in WWII
– Freudian Approach
Murray (1938)• Thematic Apperception
Test (TAT)– Assumes unconscious
forces
– Used fiction writers as model examples
• Participants told that it was a test of “creative imagination.”
Murray (1938)Stories came from four sources
1. Books and Movies
2. Real-life events involving friends/relatives
3. Experiences in subject’s own life
4. The subject’s conscious or unconscious fantasies
Criticisms– Validity: Is it measuring a constant
trait or a passing phase?
– Is it confounded by the media age?