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Slide 2 1Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Framework Introduction to Disaster Risk Management 1111 Disaster Risk Management as a Global Agenda Session 1 World Bank Institute Margaret Arnold Slide 3 2Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Framework Introduction to Disaster Risk Management 2 Disasters are a Development Issue, Not a Humanitarian Issue Natural disasters are a major source of risk for the poor Disasters cause loss of development gains and wealth in developing countries Slide 4 3Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Framework Introduction to Disaster Risk Management 3 Natural Hazards are a Major Source of Risk for the Poor Prevalence of death due to disaster is 4 times higher in low-income countries Disasters are an important dimension of poverty per World Development Report 2000/2001 With similar patterns of disasters, Peru fatalities average 2,900 a year and Japan averages 63 Slide 5 4Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Framework Introduction to Disaster Risk Management 4 Disasters Cause Loss of Development Gains and Wealth Annual GDP losses = 2-15% Average yearly losses due to disasters during 1990s = US$63 billion Annual losses of infrastructure during the 1990s due to disasters in Asia alone were about $12 billion about 2/3 total annual lending of the World Bank Slide 6 5Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Framework Introduction to Disaster Risk Management 5 Social and Environmental Impacts of Disasters Loss of life Environmental degradation Loss of natural habitats and destruction of ecosystems Disruption of communities and family life Loss of cultural heritage assets Unemployment Migration Differential gender impact Slide 7 6Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Framework Introduction to Disaster Risk Management 6 World Bank Disaster-related Lending, 1980-2003: $US 40 billion 7,288 9,154 4,384 9,016 2,383 8,558 -2,0004,0006,0008,00010,000 Funding ($m) Africa East Asia and Pacific Europe and Central Asia Latin America and Caribbean Middle East and North Africa South Asia Slide 8 7Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Framework Introduction to Disaster Risk Management 7 Hazard Management Unit The World Banks HMU promotes a strategic response to disaster emergencies and integrates disaster prevention into Bank activities. We do this by: Providing technical assistance to operations Assisting with corporate strategy and policy development Generating and disseminating knowledge products Working with partners from the international and academic communities and the private sector to tap into outside expertise Slide 9 8Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Framework Introduction to Disaster Risk Management 8 Hazard Risk Management Framework Risk identification Hazard maps, GIS systems, vulnerability analysis, risk analysis, understanding the direct, indirect, and secondary effects of disasters Risk reduction Structural and non-structural mechanisms (e.g. land use planning, design and construction practices, building codes, early warning systems, preparedness and response plans, public awareness and education) Risk transfer and financing Insurance, catastrophe bonds, contingency financing, safety nets, calamity funds, micro-insurance, informal risk sharing arrangements Slide 10 9Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Framework Introduction to Disaster Risk Management 9 World Bank Efforts on HRM Aim to: Provide a systematic treatment of HRM at policy and operational levels Provide a framework for: Making hazard risk a standard feature of relevant Country Assistance Strategies and Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers Assisting clients to develop proactive, national strategies for HRM Developing lending programs that build capacity for effective risk reduction and risk financing Introducing more effective financing and risk transfer mechanisms Slide 11 10Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Framework Introduction to Disaster Risk Management 10 Mainstreaming Disaster Management into Country Assistance Strategies Examples of Country Assistance Strategies that incorporate hazard risk management as development priorities: Jamaica Mozambique Pacific Regional Strategy Romania Turkey Vietnam Colombia Eastern Caribbean Sub-region El Salvador Ethiopia Honduras Slide 12 11Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Framework Introduction to Disaster Risk Management 11 World Bank Operations that are Integrating HRM Recife Urban Upgrading project Vietnam Natural Disaster Mitigation project China Yangtze Dike Strengthening Colombia Disaster Vulnerability Reduction Gujarat Emergency Earthquake Reconstruction Program Slide 13 12Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Framework Introduction to Disaster Risk Management 12 Working with Partners to Support the Millennium Development Goals through HRM Goal 1 - Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Goal 7 - Ensure environmental sustainability Goal 8 - Develop a global partnership for development Slide 14 13Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Framework Introduction to Disaster Risk Management 13 Working with Partners Towards Risk Reduction The ProVention Consortium A network of partners including multilateral organizations, the private sector, academia, the public sector, and civil society http://www.proventionconsortium.org The International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UN/ISDR) The United Nations platform for disaster reduction The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) Working together to bridge relief and development efforts