1998 Manual de Taller Ranger

8/13/2019 1998 Manual de Taller Ranger

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1998 Ranger

Workshop Manual

Quick Links

Introduction

Specifications

Metrics

Torque Wrench Adapter Formulas

Alphabetical Index

Table of Contents

1: General Information

00: Service Information

2: Chassis

04: Suspension

05: Driveline

06: Brake System

11: Steering System

3: Powertrain

03: Engine

07: Automatic Transmission

08: Manual Transmission, Clutch and Transfer Case

09: Exhaust System

10: Fuel System

4: Electrical

12: Climate Control System

13: Instrumentation and Warning Systems


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14: Battery and Charging System

15: Audio Systems

17: Lighting

18: Electrical Distribution

19: Electronic Feature Group

5: Body and Paint

01: Body

02: Frame and Mounting


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1998 Ranger Contents/Index

GROUP 01: Body

SECTION 501-00: Body System General Information

SECTION 501-02: Front End Body Panels

SECTION 501-03: Body Closures

SECTION 501-04: Pickup Bed and Platform Body

SECTION 501-05: Interior Trim and Ornamentation

SECTION 501-08: Exterior Trim and Ornamentation

SECTION 501-09: Rear View Mirrors

SECTION 501-10: Seating

SECTION 501-11: Glass, Frames and Mechanisms

SECTION 501-12: Instrument Panel and Console

SECTION 501-14A: Handles, Locks, Latches and Mechanisms

SECTION 501-14B: Keyless Entry/Computer Operated Locks

SECTION 501-16: Wipers and Washers

SECTION 501-19: Bumpers

SECTION 501-20A: Occupant Restraints Active

SECTION 501-20B: Occupant Restraints Passive Supplemental Air Bag System


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1998 Ranger Contents/Index

GROUP 01: Body

SECTION 501-20B:Occupant Restraints Passive Supplemental Air Bag System

SPECIFICATIONS

DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION

Air Bag Supplemental Restraint System (SRS)

Electrical System

DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING


Diagnosing Customer Concerns Without Hard Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs)

Diagnosing Customer Concerns with Hard Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs)

Deactivation Procedure

Reactivation Procedure

Glossary

Air Bag System Reconnect Checklist

Diagnostic InstructionsAir Bag Supplemental Restraint System (SRS)

Diagnostic Test Modes

Retrieve/Clear Continuous DTCs

On-Demand Self Test

PID/Data Monitor and Record

Active Command Modes

Inspection and Verification

Symptom Chart

Pinpoint TestsAir Bag Supplemental Restraint System (SRS)

Pinpoint Test Z: No Communication with the ECS Module


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GENERAL PROCEDURES

Air Bag Disposal

Deployed Air Bag

Undeployed Air Bag Inoperative

Undeployed Air Bag Scrapped Vehicle

REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

SensorAir Bag

ModuleAir Bag Electronic Crash Sensor (ECS)

ModuleDriver Air Bag

ModulePassenger Air Bag

Air Bag Sliding Contact

Passenger Air Bag Deactivation (PAD) Switch


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SECTION 501-20B: Occupant Restraints Passive Supplemental

Air Bag System

1998 Ranger Workshop

Manual

SPECIFICATIONSProcedure revision date:

03/03/2000

Torque Specifications

Description Nm Lb/Ft Lb/In

Air Bag Electronic Crash Sensor (ECS) Module Bolts 11-13 8-10

Driver Air Bag Module Bolts 7.610.4 67-92

Passenger Air Bag Module Bolts 7.6-10.4 67-92

Air Bag Electronic Crash Sensor (ECS) Module Bracket Bolts 11-13 8-10

Air Bag Sensor Bolts 10.2-13.8 90-122Tilt Wheel Handle and Shank 3-5 27-44

Lower Steering Column Shroud Screws 0.7-1.1 7-9

Ash Receptacle Bolts 2-3 18-26


Air Bag System


Manual

DESCRIPTION AND OPERATIONProcedure revision date:

03/03/2000



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The air bag supplemental restraint system (SRS) is designed to provide increased collision protection for

front seat occupants in addition to that provided by the three-point safety belt system. Safety belt use isnecessary to obtain the best occupant protection and to receive the full advantages of the SRS.

The air bag supplemental restraint system (SRS) components are shown in the following illustration.

Air Bag Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) Components

Item Part Number Description

1 044A74 Passenger Air Bag Module

2 14B321 Air Bag Electronic Crash Sensor (ECS) Module

3 14B268 Passenger Air Bag Deactivation (PAD) Switch

4 043B13 Driver Air Bag Module

5 14A664 Air Bag Sliding Contact

6 14B005 Air Bag Sensor and Bracket (LH)

7 14B004 Air Bag Sensor and Bracket (RH)

Air Bag Module DriverThe driver air bag module:


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is replaced as an assembly. is mounted in the center of the steering wheel (3600) .

Driver Air Bag Module


1 Steering Wheel Trim Cover(Part of 043B13)

2 Air Bag (Part of 043B13)

3 Mounting Plate and Retainer Ring (Part of 043B13)

4 Inflator (Part of 043B13)

Steering Wheel Trim CoverThe steering wheel trim cover:

encases the driver air bag module and horn switch. has tear seams that separate to allow inflation of the air bag. must not be repainted for any reason. is a component of the driver air bag module and is not repaired separately.

Air BagThe air bag:

is constructed of nylon. is a component of the driver air bag module and is not replaced separately.

InflatorThe inflator:

receives electrical energy when the air bag sensor closes. contains an igniter that converts the electrical signal to thermal energy (heat), causing the ignition of

the inflator gas generant.

inflates the air bag with nitrogen gas after the sodium azide/copper oxide combustion occurs. is a component of the driver air bag module and is not replaced separately.

Mounting Plate and Retainer RingThe mounting plate and retainer ring:

attach and seal the air bag to the inflator. attach the trim cover. mount the entire driver air bag module to the steering wheel.


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are components of the driver air bag module and are not replaced separately.Air Bag Sliding ContactThe air bag sliding contact (14A664) :

is mounted on the steering column, behind the steering wheel . continuously transfers electrical signals from the driver air bag module to the air bag sensor.

Air Bag Module PassengerThe passenger air bag module:

is replaced as an assembly. is mounted in the RH side of the instrument panel (04320) .

Passenger Air Bag Module


1 Deployment Door(Part of 044A74)

2 Air Bag (Part of 044A74)

3 Inflator (Part of 044A74)

4 Reaction Housing

(Part of 044A74)

Deployment DoorThe deployment door:

is textured and painted to match the surface of the instrument panel . has a tear seam that separates when the air bag inflates, and hinges out of the way during

deployment.


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retains the air bag in the reaction housing until deployment. must not be repainted for any reason. is a component of the passenger air bag module and is not replaced separately.

Air Bag

The air bag:

is constructed of nylon. is a component of the passenger air bag module and is not replaced separately.

InflatorThe inflator:

receives electrical energy when the air bag sensor closes. contains an igniter that converts the electrical signal to thermal energy (heat), causing the ignition of

the inflator gas generant.

inflates the air bag with nitrogen after the chemical reaction takes place.

is a component of the passenger air bag module and is not replaced separately.Reaction HousingThe reaction housing:

provides support for the inflator. provides a reaction surface for the passenger air bag module. is used to attach the deployment door. contains mounting brackets that attach the passenger air bag module to the instrument panel . is a component of the passenger air bag module and is not replaced separately.

Air Bag Electronic Crash Sensor (ECS)The air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS) module performs the following functions:

signals the inflators to deploy the air bags in the event of a deployable crash. monitors the air bag supplemental restraint system (SRS) for faults. illuminates the air bag indicator if a fault is detected. flashes the air bag indicator to indicate the lamp fault code (LFC) detected. communicates through the data link connector (DLC) the current and historical DTCs. signals the Generic Electronic Module (GEM) to activate a chime if the air bag indicator is not

available and another SRS fault is present.

NOTE:The safing sensor is internal to the ECS and is not serviced separately.

The ECS monitors the SRS for possible faults. If a fault is detected while the ignition switch is in the RUN

position, the ECS will illuminate the air bag indicator located in the instrument cluster (10849). When theignition is cycled (turned off and then turned on), the air bag indicator will flash the two-digit lamp fault

code (LFC). The air bag indicator will flash the LFC five times, then it will remain illuminated for the rest

of the key cycle. The ECS will also communicate the current and historical DTCs through the data link

connector (DLC), using the New Generation STAR (NGS) Tester. If the air bag indicator does not function,

and the system detects a fault condition, the ECS will signal the GEM to activate an audible chime. Thechime is a series of five sets of five tone bursts. If the chime or buzzer is heard, the SRS and the air bag

indicator requires service.

Lamp fault codes are prioritized. If two or more faults occur at the same time, the fault having the highestpriority will be displayed first. After that fault has been corrected, the next highest priority fault will be

displayed.


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The ECS includes an internal backup power supply. This feature provides sufficient backup power to deploy

the air bags in the event the battery or battery cables are damaged in a collision before the safing and air bagsensors close. The backup power supply will deplete its stored energy approximately 1 minute after the

battery ground cable is disconnected.

The ECS also employs a "keep-alive" period that allows the module to remain powered and active for

approximately six minutes after switching the ignition key from the RUN position to the OFF position.During this period, the module is performing backup power supply regulation and crash discriminationwhile being completely capable of all deployment functions.

Electrical SystemThe electrical system that supports the air bag supplemental restraint system (SRS):

is powered from the battery (10655) and the ignition. provides the electrical path from the ECS to the air bag modules. provides the electrical path from the ECS to the air bag indicator and data link connector (DLC). provides the electrical path from the ECS to the Generic Electronic Module (GEM).

Sensor

WARNING: The ecs module must be replaced if the air bag modules have deployed.

WARNING: The ecs orientation is critical for proper system operation. If a vehicle equipped

with an srs system has been involved in a collision in which the right cowl A-pillar area has been

damaged, inspect the mounting and bracket for deformation. If damaged, the ecs must be replaced

whether or not the air bag modules have deployed. In addition, make sure the area of the sensor

mounting is restored to its original condition.The SRS contains a safing sensor, which is contained in the ECS, and two crash sensors. The ECS is

mounted on the right cowl A-pillar. The crash sensors are located on the radiator support.


Air Bag System


Manual

DIAGNOSIS AND TESTINGProcedure revision date:

03/03/2000


Refer to Wiring Diagrams Cell 46for schematic and connector information.


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Special Tool(s)

Air Bag Simulator

105-00012 or Equivalent

Diagnosing Customer Concerns Without Hard Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs)If a lamp fault code (LFC) is reported by the customer but is not present when the vehicle comes in forrepair, follow the Diagnostic Instructions procedure in this section to identify the intermittent DTC.

Once the DTC is known, read the Normal Operation section for the code involved.

Follow the deactivation procedure in this section. Determine the location of components involved in creating that code. Perform a thorough visual inspection of:

components. connectors. splices and wiring harnesses. pinched wires. worn insulation on conductors. opens, shorts or loosely mounted sensors.

Refer to Possible Causes, which lists the common concerns that relate to a particular code. Concerns arelisted according to priority.

Diagnosing Customer Concerns with Hard Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs)Most air bag supplemental restraint system (SRS) diagnostic procedures will require the use of the

deactivation and reactivation procedures in this section. These procedures require the removal of the driver

air bag module and disconnection of the passenger air bag module, thereby removing the risk of air bag

deployment while diagnostics are performed.

Air bag simulators are required to perform diagnosis and testing of the SRS. The air bag simulator is a 2-ohm resistor used to simulate air bag module connections to the system. It is not acceptable to short-circuit

the air bag module connections with a zero-ohm jumper wire. If a zero-ohm jumper wire is used to short-circuit the air bag module connections, a lamp fault code (LFC) will be displayed.

Deactivation Procedure

1. WARNING: To avoid accidental deployment and possible personal injury, the backuppower supply must be depleted before repairing or replacing any air bag supplemental

restraint system (SRS) components. To deplete the backup power supply energy, disconnect

the battery ground cable and wait one minute. Be sure to disconnect auxiliary batteries and

power supplies (if so equipped).

Disconnect the battery ground cable (14301); refer to Section 414-01.

2. Wait one minute for the backup power supply in the air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS) module todeplete its stored energy.


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3. WARNING: Carry a live air bag module with the air bag and trim cover pointed awayfrom your body. This will reduce the risk of injury in the event of an accidental deployment.

WARNING: Do not set a live air bag module down with the trim cover face down.

Remove the driver air bag module from the vehicle; refer to Module Driver Air Bag in thissection.

4. Connect an air bag simulator to the vehicle harness at the top of the steering column.5. WARNING: Carry a live air bag module with the air bag and deployment door pointed

away from your body. This will reduce the risk of injury in the event of an accidental

deployment.

WARNING: Do not set a live air bag module down with the deployment door face down.

Remove the passenger air bag module from the vehicle; refer to Module Passenger Air Bag inthis section.

6. Connect an air bag simulator to the vehicle harness.7. Reconnect the battery ground cable; refer to Section 414-01.

Reactivation Procedure

1. WARNING: The air bag simulators must be removed and the air bag modulesreconnected when the system is reactivated to avoid non-deployment in a collision, resulting in

possible personal injury.

Disconnect the battery ground cable; refer to Section 414-01.

2. Wait one minute for the backup power supply in the air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS) module todeplete its stored energy.

3. Remove the air bag simulator from the vehicle harness connector at the top of the steering column.4. WARNING: Carry a live air bag module with the air bag and trim cover pointed away

from your body. This will reduce the risk of injury in the event of an accidental deployment.

Install the driver air bag module; refer to Module Driver Air Bag in this section.

5. Remove the air bag simulator from the vehicle harness connector at the passenger air bag module.6. WARNING: Carry a live air bag module with the air bag and deployment door pointed

away from your body. This will reduce the risk of injury in the event of an accidental

deployment.

Install the passenger air bag module; refer to Module Passenger Air Bag in this section.

7. Reconnect the battery ground cable; refer to Section 414-01.


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8. Prove out the system.

Glossary

Air Bag Simulator

Air bag simulators are used to simulate air bag module connections to the system.Disconnect the ComponentDisconnect the component means disconnect the component vehicle harness connector. It does not mean

remove the component. Do not reconnect a disconnected component unless instructed to do so.

Deactivate the SystemDeactivate the system means to perform the deactivation procedure; refer to Deactivation Procedure in this

section.

Prove Out the SystemProve out the system means to turn the ignition switch from the OFF to the RUN position and visually

monitor the air bag indicator with the air bag modules installed. The air bag indicator and the passenger airbag deactivation (PAD) switch will light continuously for approximately six seconds and then turn off. If an

air bag supplemental restraint system (SRS) fault is present, the air bag indicator will either:

fail to light. remain lit continuously. flash.

The flashing might not occur until approximately 30 seconds after the ignition switch has been turned from

the OFF to the RUN position. This is the time required for the air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS) module

to complete the testing of the SRS. If the air bag indicator is inoperative and an SRS fault exists, a chime

will sound in a pattern of five sets of five beeps. If this occurs, the air bag indicator will need to be repaired

before diagnosis can continue.

Reactivate the SystemReactivate the system means to perform the reactivation procedure; refer to Reactivation Procedure in thissection.

Reconnect the SystemReconnect the system means to reconnect all system components; refer to Air Bag System Reconnect

Checklist in this section.

Replace the ComponentReplace the component means to remove the existing component and replace it with an authorized

replacement part obtained from Ford Customer Service Division.

Verify the SystemVerify the system means to prove out the system with air bag simulators for the air bag modules in place of

the components.

Air Bag System Reconnect ChecklistThe checklist below should be completed following diagnosis or repair of any air bag system concern:

1. Is the three-way connector at the base of the steering column connected?2. Are the air bag modules connected?3. Is the air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS) module connected?4.

Is the vehicle battery connected?


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SECTION 501-20B: Occupant Restraints Passive SupplementalAir Bag System

1998 Ranger WorkshopManual


03/03/2000

Diagnostic InstructionsAir Bag Supplemental Restraint System (SRS)

Special Tool(s)

New Generation Star (NGS) Tester418-F048 (007-00500) orEquivalent

The symptom chart can be used to help locate the air bag supplemental restraint system (SRS) concerns if

no diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) are retrieved and the listed symptoms are observed. Whether or not the

listed symptoms are observed, always perform the following:

1. Retrieve all DTCs stored in the air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS) module memory; refer toRetrieve/Clear Continuous DTCs in this section.

2. Run the On-Demand Self Test to determine what DTCs are currently being sensed by the ECS; referto On-Demand Self Test in this section.

3. If the stored DTCs are different than the current DTCs, always repair the current DTCs first.4. If memory displays different continuous DTCs than the On-Demand Self Test, perform in the

following order:

On-Demand Self Test Memory (Retrieve/Clear Continuous DTCs)

A DTC can indicate several concerns. The DTCs are to assist in system diagnosis and are not to be

considered definitive. Always refer to the pinpoint test corresponding to the DTC to determine where the

concern lies and to repair the concern properly.

The SRS diagnostics can be divided into three sections:

diagnostic test modes PID/data monitor and record active command modes

Diagnostic Test ModesTwo menu options are available under the diagnostic test modes:


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Retrieve/Clear Continuous DTCs On-Demand Self Test


During vehicle operation the air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS) module will detect and store bothintermittent and hard fault DTCs in nonvolatile memory. The DTC strategy employed by the ECSincorporates a time-out scheme for determining when a concern exists in the system. This requires a concern

to exist for up to one minute in the system before the ECS will detect it. For the ECS to determine that a

concern no longer exists, the concern must be absent for up to one minute. The actual detection time-outs

vary with each DTC. The DTCs can be retrieved with the New Generation Star (NGS) Tester using the

retrieve/clear continuous DTCs option. Any DTCs stored in the ECS will be displayed on the NGS Tester

along with a brief description of the DTC. If no DTCs are present, the NGS Tester will display a SYSTEM

PASSED message. This option can also be used to clear DTCs from the ECS memory, as long as the

concern no longer exists. Once 254 key cycles have been recorded since the concern was last detected, theDTC will automatically be removed from memory.

To retrieve or clear DTCs, follow these steps:

1. Connect the NGS Tester to the data link connector (DLC).2. Turn the ignition switch to the RUN position.3. Select the MODEL YEAR and VEHICLE.4. Select DIAGNOSTIC DATA LINK.5. Select ECS (air bag electronic crash sensor [ECS] module).6. Select DIAGNOSTIC TEST MODES.7. Select RETRIEVE/CLEAR CONTINUOUS DTCs.8. After pressing START, all continuous DTCs will be displayed on the screen. Before proceeding with

the clearing operation, make note of the DTCs displayed, because once cleared, they cannot be

retrieved.

9. To clear the DTCs, press ALL.10.

The NGS Tester will retrieve DTCs again after clearing DTCs, and if any remain they will bedisplayed. Hard DTCs will be redisplayed after clearing DTCs since they cannot be cleared from theECS.

On-Demand Self TestThe On-Demand Self Test option is used to verify that no electrical concerns exist with the air bag

supplemental restraint system (SRS). Upon entering the self test, the air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS)

module will make an electrical check of each electrical component in the system. If a concern is detected, a

DTC is displayed on the New Generation Star (NGS) Tester with a brief description of the DTC. Concerns

detected during the self test are not stored in memory, unless the same concern was also detected during

normal vehicle operation. The self test should always be run after any repair to verify that the repair wassuccessful.To run the On-Demand Self Test, follow these steps:


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1. Connect the NGS Tester to the data link connector (DLC).2. Turn the ignition switch to the RUN position.3. Select the MODEL YEAR and VEHICLE.4. Select DIAGNOSTIC DATA LINK.5. Select ECS (air bag electronic crash sensor [ECS] module).6. Select DIAGNOSTIC TEST MODES.7. Select ON-DEMAND SELF TEST.8. Press START and then TRIGGER. The ECS will run the On-Demand Self Test and display on-

demand DTCs (reflecting hard system concerns) on the screen.

PID/Data Monitor and RecordThe PID/Data Monitor and Record option allows the New Generation Star (NGS) Tester operator to read the

state of several parameter IDs (PIDs) to aid in diagnosing the system. PIDs are real time measurements of

parameters such as voltages, resistances, etc., calculated by the air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS)module and sent to the NGS Tester for display. Many of the PIDs supported by the ECS are calculated

periodically and are, therefore, not true real time readings. The following is a table of supported PIDs and

their update frequencies.

Air Bag Electronic Crash Sensor (ECS) Module Parameter Identification (PID) TablePID Description Normal Range Units

CCNTECS Number of Continuous DTCs 0-16 DTCs

DABAGR Driver Air Bag Circuit Resistance 1.8-4.1 Ohms

PABAGR Passenger Air Bag Circuit Resistance 1.4-3.6 Ohms

BRACKET Bracket Ground Resistance


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7. Record all PIDs that are to be retrieved, and press START. PIDs are updated continuously on thedisplay.

Active Command Modes

This command allows the technician to verify operation of the air bag indicator and chime. When the air bagoutput command is executed, the indicator and the chime are activated simultaneously for approximatelyfour seconds. Both devices are deactivated automatically.

Air Bag Electronic Crash Sensor (ECS) Module Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Priority Table

DTCa LFC Priority Description Action To Take

1 ECS Module Disconnected or Inoperative GO to Pinpoint

Test A.

B1342 24 2 ECS Module is Faulted GO to Pinpoint

Test B.

B1231 19 3 Crash Data Memory Full GO to Pinpoint

Test C.

B1921 21 4 ECS Bracket High Resistance/Incorrect Mounting GO to Pinpoint

Test D.

B1318 12 5 Low Battery Voltage GO to PinpointTest E.

C1414 29 6 Incorrect Module Design Level GO to Pinpoint

Test F.

B1887 15 7 Driver Air Bag Circuit Short to Ground GO to PinpointTest G.

B1916 15 9 Driver Air Bag Circuit Short to Battery or Ignition GO to PinpointTest H.

B1888 16 8 Passenger Air Bag Circuit Short to Ground GO to Pinpoint

Test I.

B1925 16 10 Passenger Air Bag Circuit Short to Battery or Ignition GO to Pinpoint

Test J.

B1932 32 11 Driver Air Bag Resistance High GO to Pinpoint

Test K.B1933 33 12 Passenger Air Bag Resistance High GO to Pinpoint

Test L.

B1934 34 13 Driver Air Bag Circuit Resistance Low GO to Pinpoint

Test M.

B1935 35 14 Passenger Air Bag Circuit Resistance Low GO to Pinpoint

Test N.

B1941 41 15 External Crash Sensor Open Circuit or Short to Battery GO to Pinpoint

Test O.

B1901 14 16 External Crash Sensor Short to Ground GO to PinpointTest P.


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B1871 25 17 Passenger Air Bag Deactivation (PAD) Switch Fault GO to Pinpoint

Test Q.

B1885 46 18 Unexpected Feature Present GO to Pinpoint

Test Y.

B1886 47 19 Unexpected Feature Present GO to PinpointTest Y.

B1884 27 20 Passenger Air Bag Deactivation (PAD) Switch Warning

Lamp Inoperative

GO to Pinpoint

Test R.

B1890 27 21 Passenger Air Bag Deactivation (PAD) Switch Warning

Lamp Short to Battery

GO to Pinpoint

Test S.

B1892 22 Air Bag Tone Warning Indicator Circuit Short to Ground or

Open

GO to Pinpoint

Test T.

B1891 23 Air Bag Tone Warning Indicator Circuit Short to Battery or

Ignition

GO to Pinpoint

Test U.

B2141c 24 Non-Volatile Memory Configuration is Faulted GO to Pinpoint

Test V.

B1869 Tone 25 Air Bag Indicator Inoperative GO to Pinpoint

Test W.

B1870 Tone 26 Air Bag Indicator Short to Battery GO to Pinpoint

Test X.

No Communication with the ECS Module GO to Pinpoint

Test Z.aDTC: Diagnostic trouble code, retrieved using New Generation Star (NGS) Tester or equivalent.

bLFC: Lamp fault code, flashed on air bag indicator.cFlashes five times per second.

dTone will sound only if additional DTCs are present.

Inspection and Verification

1. Verify the customer concern by checking the air bag indicator in the instrument cluster. Refer toProve Out the System in this section.

2. Visually inspect for obvious signs of mechanical and electrical damage using the following chart.

Visual Inspection Chart

Mechanical Electrical

Damaged air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS) modulebracket

Open fuse(s) Damaged wiring harness Loose or corroded connectors Circuitry open/shorted Damaged shorting bars


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3. If the concern is not visually evident, use the New Generation Star (NGS) Tester to retrievediagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) and perform the on-demand self test.

4. If the on-demand self test is passed and no DTCs are retrieved, proceed to the symptom chart.5. If DTCs are retrieved, proceed to the Air Bag Electronic Crash Sensor (ECS) Module DiagnosticTrouble Code (DTC) Priority Table.

Symptom Chart

Symptom Chart

Condition Possible Sources Action

Air bag indicatorilluminated continuously

Battery circuits. Ignition circuits. Ground circuits. Air bag ECS.

Instrument cluster.

GO to Pinpoint TestA.

Air bag indicator flashing Air bag SRS systemfault.

REFER to DTCPriority Table.

Audible tone DTCsretrieved

Air bag SRS systemfault.

GO to Pinpoint TestW.

GO to Pinpoint TestX.

No communication with theECS module

Air bag ECS. NGS tester. Circuitry.

GO to Pinpoint TestZ.


Air Bag System


Manual


03/03/2000

Pinpoint TestsAir Bag Supplemental Restraint System (SRS)


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Special Tool(s)

73 Digital Multimeter

105-R0051 or Equivalent

Air Bag Simulator

105-00012 or Equivalent

New Generation Star (NGS) Tester

418-F048 (007-00500) or

Equivalent

Pinpoint Test A: Air Bag Indicator Illuminated Continuously ECS Module Disconnected or

Inoperative

Normal Operation

NOTE:During normal operation the air bag indicator will be lit continuously for 6 seconds after the

ignition switch is placed in the RUN position and after five cycles of a lamp fault code (LFC) if a fault

exists. Be sure to cycle the ignition switch and look for a 6 second indicator prove-out without LFCs.

The air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS) module will communicate diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs)

through the New Generation Star (NGS) Tester using the data link connector (DLC). If the NGS Tester

displays NO COMMUNICATION when retrieving continuous DTCs, use this pinpoint test to troubleshoot

the system.

Possible Causes

An air bag indicator that is illuminated continuously could be caused by one of the following:

the battery or ignition circuit damaged the ECS module disconnected from the vehicle harness a loss of ECS module ground circuits the ECS module inoperative the NGS Tester damaged

PINPOINT TEST A: AIR BAG INDICATOR ILLUMINATED CONTINUOUSLY ECS MODULE DISCONNECTED

OR INOPERATIVE

CONDITIONS DETAILS/RESULTS/ACTIONS


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A1CHECK FOR A HARD OR INTERMITTENT DTC

NGS Tester


Retrieve and record any continuous DTCs.

On-Demand Self Test

Were any continuous or on-demand self testDTCs retrieved?

YesIf continuous DTCs were retrieved, GO to A3. If on-

demand DTCs were retrieved, GO to the Air Bag ElectronicCrash Sensor (ECS) Module Diagnostic Trouble Code

(DTC) Priority Table in this section for pinpoint testdirection.

NoGO to A2.

A2VERIFY THE OPERATION OF THE NGS TESTER


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Verify that the NGS tester is firmly connected to the

data link connector (DLC).

Can other system information be accessedthrough the NGS Tester?

YesGO to A3.

NoGO to Section 418-00.

A3CHECK THE ECS HARNESS CONNECTION

Deactivate the system.

Make sure the shorting bars in the ECS connector are ingood condition and in their proper position.

Make sure the ECS is fully connected to the vehicle

harness with the red clip inserted.

Is the ECS connected properly and the shortingbars in good condition?

YesGO to A4.

NoREPAIR any shorting bar concerns and connect the ECS to


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the vehicle harness properly. GO to A8.

A4CHECK THE ECS IGNITION CIRCUIT CONNECTION

ECS C250

Measure the voltage between Pin C250-2, Circuit 364(BK/LG) and a sheet metal ground near the ECS module.

Is the voltage 8.0-18.0 volts?

YesGO to A5.

NoREPAIR Circuit 364 (BK/LG). CHECK the instrument

panel Fuse 2 (7.5 A). GO to A8.A5CHECK CIRCUIT 937 (R/W)

Measure the voltage between Pin C250-17, Circuit 937(R/W) and a sheet metal ground near the ECS module.


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Is the voltage 8.0-18.0 volts?

Yes

GO to A6.

NoREPAIR Circuit 937 (R/W). CHECK the power distributionbox Fuse 13 (10 A). GO to A8.

A6CHECK THE LAMP DRIVER GROUND CIRCUIT 649 (BK/O)

Measure the resistance between Pin C250-21, Circuit

649 (BK/O) and a sheet metal ground near the ECS module.

Is the resistance less than 10 ohms?

YesGO to A7.

NoREPAIR the open in Circuit 649 (BK/O). GO to A8.


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A7CHECK THE ECS MODULE GROUND CIRCUIT 649 (BK/O)

Measure the resistance between Pin C250-22, Circuit649 (BK/O) and a sheet metal ground near the ECS module.


YesREPLACE the ECS module. GO to A8.

NoREPAIR the open in Circuit 649 (BK/O). GO to A8.

A8CHECK FOR ADDITIONAL DTCs

Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step A1.

Were any continuous DTCs retrieved during StepA1 ?

YesDo not clear any DTCs until all DTCs have been resolved.

GO to the Air Bag Electronic Crash Sensor (ECS) Module

Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Priority Table in this

section for pinpoint test direction.

NoRECONNECT the system. REACTIVATE the system.

PROVE OUT the system. CLEAR all DTCs.

Pinpoint Test B: LFC 24/DTC B1342 ECS Module Is Faulted

Normal Operation


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The air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS) module monitors the backup power supply, accelerometer

operation and memory. If the ECS detects a fault in any of these components, it will store a diagnostictrouble code (DTC) B1342 in memory and flash a lamp fault code (LFC) 24 on the air bag indicator.

Possible Causes

An ECS module fault could be caused by:

the internal accelerometer not operating properly. the backup power supply not operating properly. an internal module circuit fault detected. a microcontroller RAM/ROM/EEPROM fault.

PINPOINT TEST B: LFC 24/DTC B1342 ECS MODULE IS FAULTED


B1CHECK FOR A HARD OR INTERMITTENT DTC

NGS Tester

Retrieve/Clear

Continuous DTCs

Retrieve and record any continuous DTCs for use later in this pinpoint test.


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30/148

When the air bags are deployed during a collision, the air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS) module will

flash a lamp fault code (LFC) 19 on the air bag indicator and store a diagnostic trouble code (DTC) B1231in memory. The LFC 19 and DTC B1231 indicate that a crash has been recorded by the ECS.

Possible Causes

Crash data memory full is caused by a crash event that deployed the air bags.

PINPOINT TEST C: LFC 19/DTC B1231 CRASH DATA MEMORY FULL


C1CHECK FOR A HARD OR INTERMITTENT DTC

NGS Tester

Retrieve/ClearContinuous DTCs

Retrieve and record any continuous DTCs for use later in this pinpoint test.

On-Demand SelfTest


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Was DTC B1231 retrieved during the on-demand self test?

Yes

This is a hard fault. The fault condition is still present. This fault cannot be cleareduntil it is corrected and the DTC is no longer retrieved during the on-demand selftest. REPLACE the driver air bag module and passenger air bag module. GO to C2

.

NoThis is an intermittent fault. The fault condition is not present at this time. GO to

C3.

C2CHECK THE CONDITION OF THE ECS MOUNTING BRACKET

Inspect the ECS mounting bracket for damage.

Is there any damage to the ECS mounting bracket?

YesRESTORE sheet metal to its original shape and structural integrity. REPLACE the

ECS module and the mounting bracket. GO to C3.

NoREPLACE the ECS module. GO to C3.

C3CHECK FOR ADDITIONAL DTCs

Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step C1.

Were any continuous DTCs retrieved during Step C1?

YesDo not clear any DTCs until all DTCs have been resolved. GO to the Air Bag

Electronic Crash Sensor (ECS) Module Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) PriorityTable in this section for pinpoint test direction.

NoCLEAR all DTCs.

Pinpoint Test D: LFC 21/DTC B1921 Ground Resistance Too High or the ECS Module Not

Mounted to the Vehicle Properly


32/148

Normal Operation

WARNING: The tightening torque of the air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS) module

retaining bolts is critical for proper air bag supplemental restraint system (SRS) operation. Refer to

module air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS) in this section for proper torque values.

The air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS) module monitors the resistance between the ground connections

at its housing and the reference ground at Pins 21 and 22. If the ECS detects a resistance greater than 100

ohms, it will store a diagnostic trouble code (DTC) B1921 in memory and flash a lamp fault code (LFC) 21

(or higher priority code if one exists) on the air bag indicator.

Possible Causes

High resistance between the ECS module housing ground and pin ground could be caused by:

improper seating of the ECS module retaining bolts.

improper tightening torque of the ECS module retaining bolts. high resistance on both ECS logic ground circuits 649 (BK/O).

PINPOINT TEST D: LFC 21/DTC B1921 GROUND RESISTANCE TOO HIGH OR THE ECS MODULE NOT

MOUNTED TO THE VEHICLE PROPERLY


D1CHECK FOR A HARD OR INTERMITTENT DTC

NGS Tester

Retrieve and record any continuous DTCs for use later

in this pinpoint test.


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On-Demand Self Test

Was DTC B1921 retrieved during the on-demandself test?

YesThis is a hard fault. The fault condition is still present. This

fault cannot be cleared until it is corrected and the DTC isno longer retrieved during the on-demand self test. GO toD2.

NoThis is an intermittent fault. The fault condition is not

present at this time. GO to D9.

D2CHECK THE MOUNTING OF THE ECS

Inspect the ECS mounting.

Are the three ECS retaining bolts fully seated andtightened properly?

YesGO to D3.

NoMake sure the three retaining screws are fully seated and

properly tightened. GO to D10.

D3CHECK THE MOUNTING OF THE ECS BRACKET AND MOUNTING SURFACE


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Remove the ECS module. Visually inspect the ECS and

mounting bracket and its mounting surface for corrosion and

dirt.

Was a significant amount of corrosion or dirtfound?

YesCLEAN the mounting surface. INSTALL the ECS and

mounting bracket. GO to D10.

NoINSTALL the ECS and mounting bracket. GO to D7.

D7CHECK THE ECS CONNECTOR PIN GROUND RESISTANCE

ECS C250

Measure the resistance between Pin C250-21, Circuit649 (BK/O) and chassis ground.

Measure the resistance between Pin C250-22, Circuit649 (BK/O) and chassis ground.


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Is the resistance greater than 100 ohms?

YesREPAIR Circuit 649 (BK/O). GO to D10.

NoGO to D8.

D8CHECK FOR A HARD FAULT

Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step D1.

Was the DTC retrieved during Step D1 a hardfault?

YesREPLACE the ECS module. GO to D10.

NoGO to D9.

D9CHECK FOR AN INTERMITTENT FAULT


Was the DTC retrieved during Step D1 anintermittent fault?

Yes

CHECK for causes of intermittent high-resistance on Circuit649 (BK/O). Attempt to recreate the hard fault by driving

the vehicle, flexing the wire harness and cycling the ignition

key frequently. REPAIR any intermittent concerns found.GO to D10.

NoGO to D10.

D10CHECK FOR ADDITIONAL DTCs



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38/148

NGS Tester




On-Demand Self Test



fault cannot be cleared until it is corrected and the DTC isno longer retrieved during the on-demand self test. GO to E2

.


present at this time. GO to E3.

E2CHECK THE ECS CIRCUIT



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ECS C250

Measure the voltage between Pin C250-2, Circuit 364

(BK/LG) and Pin C250-21, Circuit 649 (BK/O).

Is the voltage greater than 9.0 volts?

YesREPLACE the ECS module. GO to E4.

NoGO to Section 414-00and PERFORM charging systemdiagnostics. If the charging system is OK, INSPECT all

crimps, terminals, fuses, wires and connectors in Circuit 364

(BK/LG) feeding the ECS module Pin 2. CHECK for

pinched wires and damaged connector pin terminals.

REPAIR as necessary. GO to E4.

E3CHECK FOR AN INTERMITTENT FAULT

NOTE:An intermittent charging concern can lead to a

DTC B1318.Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step


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E1.

Was the DTC retrieved during Step E1 anintermittent fault?

YesGO to Section 414-00and PERFORM charging system

diagnostics. If the charging system is OK, CHECK forcauses of intermittent battery out of range on Circuit 364

(BK/LG). Attempt to recreate the hard fault by driving the

vehicle, flexing the wire harness and cycling the ignition key

frequently. REPAIR any intermittent concerns found. GO to

E4.

NoGO to E4.

E4CHECK FOR ADDITIONAL DTCs

Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step E1.

Were any continuous DTCs retrieved during StepE1?







Pinpoint Test F: LFC 29/DTC C1414 Incorrect Module Design Level

Normal Operation

The air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS) module monitors the voltage at Pins 10, 11 and 12 to determine if

it is installed on the correct vehicle. If the ECS detects an incorrect voltage on any of these pins, it will storea diagnostic trouble code (DTC) C1414 in memory and flash a lamp fault code (LFC) 29 (or higher prioritycode if one exists) on the air bag indicator.

Possible Causes


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An incorrect module design level code could be caused by:

an ECS module installed on the wrong vehicle. a short to ground, short to battery or open circuit in the wiring harness.

PINPOINT TEST F: LFC 29/DTC C1414 INCORRECT MODULE DESIGN LEVEL


F1CHECK FOR A HARD OR INTERMITTENT DTC

NGS Tester


Retrieve and record any continuous DTCs for use laterin this pinpoint test.

On-Demand Self Test

Was DTC C1414 retrieved during the on-demandself test?

Yes


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This is a hard fault. The fault condition is still present. Thisfault cannot be cleared until it is corrected and the DTC is

no longer retrieved during the on-demand self test. GO to F2

.


present at this time. GO to F5.

F2CHECK THE VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION PIN NO. 1

NOTE:For this vehicle application, Pin C250-10, Circuit 649 (BK/O) should be connected to ground.


ECS C250

Measure the resistance of Circuit 649 (BK/LG)between Pin C250-10 and Pin C250-22.

Is the resistance greater than 100 ohms?

YesREPAIR Circuit 649 (BK/LG). GO to F6.

NoGO to F3.



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NOTE:For this vehicle application, Pin C250-11 should be open circuited.

Make sure Pin C250-11 of the ECS connector slot isempty and that no connection would be made when mated tothe ECS module.

Is Pin C250-11 of the ECS connector slot empty?

YesGO to F4.

No

REPAIR any concern found at Pin 250-11 of the ECSconnector slot. GO to F6.


NOTE:For this vehicle application Pin C250-12, Circuit 950 (GN) should be open circuited.

Make sure Pin C250-12 of the ECS connector slot is

empty and that no connection would be made when mated tothe ECS module.

Is Pin C250-12 of the ECS connector slot empty?

YesGO to F6.

NoREPAIR any concern found at Pin C250-12 of the ECS

connector slot. GO to F6.

F5CHECK FOR AN INTERMITTENT FAULT

Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step F1.

Was the DTC retrieved during Step F1 anintermittent fault?

YesCHECK for causes of an intermittent open on Pin C250-10,

Circuit 649 (BK/O). Attempt to recreate the hard fault bydriving the vehicle, flexing the wire harness and cycling the


44/148

ignition key frequently. REPAIR any intermittent concernsfound. GO to F6.

No

GO to F6.

F6CHECK FOR ADDITIONAL DTCs

Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step F1.

Were any continuous DTCs retrieved during StepF1?

YesDo not clear any DTCs until all DTCs have been resolved.GO to the Air Bag Electronic Crash Sensor (ECS) Module





Pinpoint Test G: LFC 15/DTC B1887 Driver Air Bag Circuit Short to Ground

Normal Operation

The air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS) module checks for driver air bag circuit shorts to ground by

monitoring the voltage of Circuits 614 (GY/O) and 615 (GY/W) at Pins 1 and 15. If the ECS detects a short

to ground on either of these pins, it will store a diagnostic trouble code (DTC) B1887 in memory and flash alamp fault code (LFC) 15 (or higher priority code if one exists) on the air bag indicator.

Possible Causes

A driver air bag circuit short to ground could be caused by:

a short to ground on Circuit 614 (GY/O). a short to ground on Circuit 615 (GY/W). a short to ground on the air bag sliding contact (14A664) . a short to ground on the driver air bag module.

PINPOINT TEST G: LFC 15/DTC B1887 DRIVER AIR BAG CIRCUIT SHORT TO GROUND



45/148

G1CHECK FOR A HARD OR INTERMITTENT DTC

NGS Tester




On-Demand Self Test



fault cannot be cleared until it is corrected and the DTC isno longer retrieved during the on-demand self test. GO to

G2.


present at this time. GO to G5.

G2CHECK THE DRIVER AIR BAG


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On-Demand Self Test

Was the DTC B1887 retrieved?

YesGO to G3.

NoREPLACE the driver air bag module. GO to G6.

G3CHECK THE DRIVER AIR BAG CIRCUIT

ECS C250

NOTE:Do not separate or remove the shorting barsfrom the ECS connector C250.


614 (GY/O) and Pin C250-21, Circuit 649 (BK/O).


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Is the resistance less than 10,000 ohms?

Yes

GO to G4.

NoREPLACE the ECS module. GO to G6.

G4CHECK THE DRIVER AIR BAG WIRING AND THE AIR BAG SLIDING CONTACT

Driver Air Bag Module C255

Air Bag Sliding Contact C218

Inspect all crimps, terminals, wires and connectors inCircuit 614 (GY/O) feeding the ECS module Pin 1, Circuit615 (GY/W) feeding the ECS module Pin 15, the air bag

sliding contact assembly and the air bag sliding contact

connector C218. Check for pinched wires and damaged

connector pin terminals.

Was any damage found?

YesREPAIR as necessary. GO to G6.


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NoGO to G6.

G5CHECK FOR AN INTERMITTENT FAULT

Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step G1.

Was the DTC retrieved during Step G1 anintermittent fault?

YesCHECK for causes of intermittent short to ground on Circuit

614 (GY/O), Circuit 615 (GY/W) and the air bag slidingcontact assembly. Attempt to recreate the hard fault bydriving the vehicle, flexing the wire harness and cycling the

ignition key frequently. REPAIR any intermittent concerns

found. GO to G6.

NoGO to G6.

G6CHECK FOR ADDITIONAL DTCs

Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step G1.

Were any continuous DTCs retrieved during StepG1 ?



Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Priority Table in thissection for pinpoint test direction.

NoRECONNECT the system. REACTIVATE the system.PROVE OUT the system. CLEAR all DTCs.

Pinpoint Test H: LFC 15/DTC B1916 Driver Air Bag Circuit Short to Battery or Ignition

Normal Operation


49/148

The air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS) module checks for driver air bag circuit shorts to battery or

ignition by monitoring the voltage of Circuit 614 (GY/O) and 615 (GY/W) at Pins 1 and 15. If the ECSdetects a short to battery or ignition on either of these pins, it will store a diagnostic trouble code (DTC)

B1916 in memory and flash a lamp fault code (LFC) 15 (or higher priority code if one exists) on the air bag

indictor.

Possible Causes

A driver air bag circuit short to battery or ignition could be caused by:

a short to battery or ignition on Circuit 614 (GY/O). a short to battery or ignition on Circuit 615 (GY/W). a short to battery or ignition on the air bag sliding contact. a short to battery or ignition on the driver air bag module.

PINPOINT TEST H: LFC 15/DTC B1916 DRIVER AIR BAG CIRCUIT SHORT TO BATTERY OR IGNITION


H1CHECK FOR A HARD OR INTERMITTENT DTC

NGS Tester




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REPLACE the ECS module. GO to H6.

H4CHECK THE DRIVER AIR BAG WIRING AND THE AIR BAG SLIDING CONTACT

Driver Air Bag Module C255


Inspect all crimps, terminals, wires and connectors inCircuit 614 (GY/O) feeding the ECS module Pin 1, Circuit

615 (GY/W) feeding the ECS module Pin 15, the air bagsliding contact assembly and the air bag sliding contact

connector C218. Check for pinched wires and damaged

connector pin terminals.


YesREPAIR as necessary. GO to H6.

NoGO to H6.

H5CHECK FOR AN INTERMITTENT FAULT

Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step H1.

Was the DTC retrieved during Step H1 anintermittent fault?

YesCHECK for causes of intermittent short to battery or ignition

on Circuit 614 (GY/O), Circuit 615 (GY/W) and the air bag

sliding contact assembly. Attempt to recreate the hard faultby driving the vehicle, flexing the wire harness and cycling


53/148

the ignition key frequently. REPAIR any intermittentconcerns found. GO to H6.

No

GO to H6.

H6CHECK FOR ADDITIONAL DTCs

Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step H1.

Were any continuous DTCs retrieved during StepH1 ?


Diagnostic Trouble (DTC) Priority Table in this section for

pinpoint test direction.



Pinpoint Test I: LFC 16/DTC B1888 Passenger Air Bag Circuit Short to Ground

Normal Operation

The air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS) module checks for passenger air bag circuit shorts to ground by

monitoring the voltage of Circuits 607 (LB/O) and 616 (PK/BK) at Pins 14 and 28. If the ECS detects a

short to ground on either of these pins, it will store a diagnostic trouble code (DTC) B1888 in memory andflash a lamp fault code (LFC) 16 (or higher priority code if one exists) on the air bag indicator.

Possible Causes

A passenger air bag circuit short to ground could be caused by:

a short to ground on Circuit 607 (LB/O). a short to ground on Circuit 616 (PK/BK). a short to ground on the passenger air bag module.

PINPOINT TEST I: LFC 16/DTC B1888 PASSENGER AIR BAG CIRCUIT SHORT TO GROUND


I1CHECK FOR A HARD OR INTERMITTENT DTC


54/148

NGS Tester




On-Demand Self Test



fault cannot be cleared until it is corrected and the DTC is

no longer retrieved during the on-demand self test. GO to I2

.


present at this time. GO to I5.

I2CHECK THE PASSENGER AIR BAG


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On-Demand Self Test

Was DTC B1888 retrieved?

YesGO to I3.

NoREPLACE the passenger air bag module. GO to I6.

I3CHECK THE PASSENGER AIR BAG CIRCUIT

ECS C250



607 (LB/O) and Pin C250-21, Circuit 649 (BK/O).


56/148


Yes

GO to I4.

NoREPLACE the ECS module. GO to I6.

I4CHECK THE PASSENGER AIR BAG WIRING

Passenger Air Bag Module C242

Inspect all crimps, terminals, wires and connectors inCircuit 607 (LB/O) feeding the ECS module Pin 14 and

Circuit 616 (PK/BK) feeding the ECS module Pin 28. Checkfor pinched wires and damaged connector pin terminals.


YesREPAIR as necessary. GO to I6.

NoGO to I6.

I5CHECK FOR AN INTERMITTENT FAULT

Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step I1.


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Was the DTC retrieved during Step I1 anintermittent fault?

YesCHECK for causes of intermittent short to ground on Circuit607 (LB/O) and Circuit 616 (PK/BK). Attempt to recreate

the hard fault by driving the vehicle, flexing the wire harness

and cycling the ignition key frequently. REPAIR any

intermittent concerns found. GO to I6.

NoGO to I6.

I6CHECK FOR ADDITIONAL DTCs

Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step I1.

Were any continuous DTCs retrieved during StepI1 ?


GO to the Air Bag Electronic Crash Sensor (ECS) ModuleDiagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Priority Table in thissection for pinpoint test direction.



Pinpoint Test J: LFC 16/DTC B1925 Passenger Air Bag Circuit Short to Battery or Ignition

Normal Operation

The air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS) module checks for passenger air bag circuit shorts to battery or

ignition by monitoring the voltage of Circuits 607 (LB/O) and 616 (PK/BK) at Pins 14 and 28. If the ECSdetects a short to battery or ignition on either of these pins, it will store a diagnostic trouble code (DTC)

B1925 in memory and flash a lamp fault code (LFC) 16 (or higher priority code if one exists) on the air bag

indicator.

Possible Causes

A passenger air bag circuit short to battery or ignition could be caused by:

a short to battery or ignition on Circuit 607 (LB/O).


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a short to battery or ignition on Circuit 616 (PK/BK). a short to battery or ignition on the passenger air bag module.

PINPOINT TEST J: LFC 16/DTC B1925 PASSENGER AIR BAG CIRCUIT SHORT TO BATTERY OR IGNITION


J1CHECK FOR A HARD OR INTERMITTENT DTC

NGS Tester



On-Demand Self Test


Yes

This is a hard fault. The fault condition is still present. Thisfault cannot be cleared until it is corrected and the DTC is


59/148

no longer retrieved during the on-demand self test. GO to J2.

No

This is an intermittent fault. The fault condition is notpresent at this time. GO to J5.

J2CHECK THE PASSENGER AIR BAG


On-Demand Self Test


YesGO to J3.

NoREPLACE the passenger air bag module. GO to J6.

J3CHECK THE PASSENGER AIR BAG CIRCUIT


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Battery

ECS C250



607 (LB/O) and Pin C250-17, Circuit 937 (R/W).


YesGO to J4.

NoREPLACE the ECS module. GO to J6.

J4CHECK THE PASSENGER AIR BAG WIRING

Passenger Air Bag Module C242


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Inspect all crimps, terminals, wires, and connectors in

Circuit 607 (LB/O) feeding the ECS module Pin 14 and

Circuit 616 (PK/BK) feeding the ECS module Pin 28. Check

for pinched wires and damaged connector pin terminals.


YesREPAIR as necessary. GO to J6.

NoGO to J6.

J5CHECK FOR AN INTERMITTENT FAULT

Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step J1.

Was the DTC retrieved during Step J1 anintermittent fault?

Yes

CHECK for causes of intermittent short to battery or ignitionon Circuit 607 (LB/O) and Circuit 616 (PK/BK). Attempt to

recreate the hard fault by driving the vehicle, flexing thewire harness and cycling the ignition key frequently.

REPAIR any intermittent concerns found. GO to J6.

NoGO to J6.

J6CHECK FOR ADDITIONAL DTCs

Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step J1.

Were any continuous DTCs retrieved during StepJ1 ?




62/148



Pinpoint Test K: LFC 32/DTC B1932 Driver Air Bag Resistance High

Normal Operation

The air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS) module monitors the resistance for the driver air bag ignitor by

measuring the resistance between Pins 1 and 15. If the ECS detects high resistance between these pins, it

will store a diagnostic trouble code (DTC) B1932 in memory and flash a lamp fault code (LFC) 32 (or

higher priority code if one exists) on the air bag indicator.

Possible Causes

Driver air bag high resistance could be caused by:

a poor connection or corrosion in the driver air bag module circuits or the air bag sliding contact. an open circuit or high resistance in the air bag sliding contact windings. an open circuit or high resistance in the wiring harness. an open circuit or high resistance in the driver air bag module.

PINPOINT TEST K: LFC 32/DTC B1932 DRIVER AIR BAG RESISTANCE HIGH


K1CHECK FOR A HARD OR INTERMITTENT DTC

NGS Tester



63/148



On-Demand Self Test




no longer retrieved during the on-demand self test. GO to

K2.

No

This is an intermittent fault. The fault condition is notpresent at this time. GO to K5.

K2CHECK THE DRIVER AIR BAG


On-Demand Self Test


64/148


YesGO to K3.

NoREPLACE the driver air bag module. GO to K6.

K3CHECK THE AIR BAG SLIDING CONTACT


Driver Air Bag Simulator

NOTE:By disconnecting the air bag sliding contactconnector, the connector is shorted together by a shorting

bar. Do not remove the shorting bar.

NOTE:Zero the multimeter prior to taking the

measurement.

Measure the resistance between Circuit 614 (GY/O)

and Circuit 615 (GY/W) of C255.

Is the resistance greater than 1.0 ohm?

YesREPLACE the air bag sliding contact. GO to K6.


65/148

NoGO to K4.

K4CHECK THE DRIVER AIR BAG CIRCUIT

ECS C250

NOTE:By disconnecting the ECS connector C250,

Circuit 614 (GY/O) and Circuit 615 (GY/W) of the ECS

connector C250 are shorted together by a shorting bar. Donot remove the shorting bar.


measurement.


and Circuit 615 (GY/W) of the air bag sliding

contact connector C218.

Is the resistance greater than 1.0 ohm?

YesREPAIR Circuit 614 (GY/O) or Circuit 615 (GY/W) as

necessary. GO to K6.

NoREPLACE the ECS module. GO to K6.

K5CHECK FOR AN INTERMITTENT FAULT

Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step K1.

Was the DTC retrieved during Step K1 anintermittent fault?


66/148

YesCHECK for causes of intermittent high resistance on Circuit

614 (GY/O), Circuit 615 (GY/W) and the air bag sliding

contact assembly. Attempt to recreate the hard fault by

driving the vehicle, flexing the wire harness and cycling theignition key frequently. REPAIR any intermittent concernsfound. GO to K6.

NoGO to K6.

K6CHECK FOR ADDITIONAL DTCs

Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step K1.

Were any continuous DTCs retrieved during StepK1 ?







Pinpoint Test L: LFC 33/DTC B1933 Passenger Air Bag Resistance High

Normal Operation

The air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS) module monitors the resistance of the passenger air bag ignitor by

measuring the resistance between Pins 14 and 28. If the ECS detects high resistance between these pins, itwill store a diagnostic trouble code (DTC) B1933 in memory and flash a lamp fault code (LFC) 33 (or

higher priority code if one exists) on the air bag indicator.

Possible Causes

A passenger air bag high resistance could be caused by:

a poor connection or corrosion in the passenger air bag module circuits. an open circuit or high resistance in the wiring harness. an open circuit or high resistance in the passenger air bag module.


67/148


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Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step L1.

Were any continuous DTCs retrieved during StepL1 ?





No

RECONNECT the system. REACTIVATE the system.PROVE OUT the system. CLEAR all DTCs.

Pinpoint Test M: LFC 34/DTC B1934 Driver Air Bag Circuit Resistance Low

Normal Operation

The air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS) module monitors the resistance of the driver air bag ignitor bymeasuring the resistance between Pins 1 and 15. If the ECS detects low resistance between these pins, it will

store a diagnostic trouble code (DTC) B1934 in memory and flash a lamp fault code (LFC) 34 (or higher

priority code if one exists) on the air bag indicator.

Possible Causes

Driver air bag low resistance could be caused by:

a short in the air bag sliding contact windings. a short in the wiring harness. a low resistance in the driver air bag module.

PINPOINT TEST M: LFC 34/DTC B1934 DRIVER AIR BAG CIRCUIT RESISTANCE LOW


M1CHECK FOR A HARD OR INTERMITTENT DTC


71/148

NGS Tester




On-Demand Self Test




M2.


present at this time. GO to M5.

M2CHECK THE DRIVER AIR BAG



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On-Demand Self Test


YesGO to M3.

NoREPLACE the driver air bag module. GO to M6.

M3CHECK THE DRIVER AIR BAG CIRCUIT

Driver Air Bag Simulator

NOTE:By disconnecting the driver air bag simulator,

the driver air bag module circuit will be measured in series

with a high resistance dummy squib inside the ECS module.

NOTE:Zero the multimeter prior to taking themeasurement.Measure the resistance between Circuit 614 (GY/O)and Circuit 615 (GY/W) of C255.


73/148

Is the resistance greater than 10,000 ohms?

Yes

REPLACE the ECS module. GO to M6.

NoGO to M4.

M4CHECK THE AIR BAG SLIDING CONTACT


NOTE:By disconnecting the air bag sliding contact ,the driver air bag module circuit will be measured in serieswith a high resistance dummy squib inside the ECS module.


measurement.


and Circuit 615 (GY/W) of the air bag sliding

contact connector C218.


YesREPLACE the air bag sliding contact. GO to M6.

NoREPAIR Circuit 614 (GY/O) or Circuit 615 (GY/W) as

necessary. GO to M6.

M5CHECK FOR AN INTERMITTENT FAULT

Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during StepM1.

Was the DTC retrieved during Step M1 an


74/148


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PINPOINT TEST N: LFC 35/DTC B1935 PASSENGER AIR BAG CIRCUIT RESISTANCE LOW


N1CHECK FOR A HARD OR INTERMITTENT DTC

NGS Tester



On-Demand Self Test




no longer retrieved during the on-demand self test. GO to

N2.


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present at this time. GO to N4.

N2CHECK THE PASSENGER AIR BAG


On-Demand Self Test


YesGO to N3.

NoREPLACE the passenger air bag module. GO to N5.

N3CHECK THE PASSENGER AIR BAG CIRCUIT

Passenger Air Bag Simulator


77/148

NOTE:By disconnecting the passenger air bagsimulator, the passenger air bag module circuit will be

measured in series with a high resistance dummy squib

inside the ECS module.

NOTE:Zero the multimeter prior to taking themeasurement.Measure the resistance between Circuit 607 (LB/O)

and Circuit 616 (PK/BK) of the passenger air bagmodule connector C242.


YesREPLACE the ECS module. GO to N5.

NoREPAIR Circuit 607 (LB/O) or Circuit 616 (PK/BK) as

necessary. GO to N5.

N4CHECK FOR AN INTERMITTENT FAULT

Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step N1.

Was the DTC retrieved during Step N1 anintermittent fault?

YesCHECK for causes of intermittent low resistance on Circuit607 (LB/O) and Circuit 616 (PK/BK). Attempt to recreate

the hard fault by driving the vehicle, flexing the wire harness

and cycling the ignition key frequently. REPAIR any

intermittent concerns found. GO to N5.

NoGO to N5.

N5CHECK FOR ADDITIONAL DTCs

Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step N1.

Were any continuous DTCs retrieved during Step


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N1 ?


GO to the Air Bag Electronic Crash Sensor (ECS) ModuleDiagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Priority Table in this




Pinpoint Test O: LFC 41/DTC B1941 External Crash Sensor Open Circuit or Short to Battery

Normal Operation

The external crash sensors monitor the severity of a crash event. If the crash event is severe enough, thesensor(s) will close and signal the electronic crash sensor (ECS) module to deploy the air bags. Eachexternal crash sensor contains a 1580 ohm resistor. Since the two crash sensors are connected in parallel

through the splice in Circuit 619 (PK/W), the ECS normally measures about 790 ohms.

The ECS measures this resistance to verify that the crash sensors are correctly mounted and connected. If

there is a short to battery or an open on Circuit 619 (PK/W), the ECS will store a diagnostic trouble code

(DTC) B1941 in memory and flash a lamp fault code (LFC) 41 (or higher priority code if one exists) on theair bag indicator.

Possible Causes

Damaged wiring on Circuit 619 (PK/W). Damaged external crash sensor(s). A short to battery on Circuit 619 (PK/W).

PINPOINT TEST O: LFC 41/DTC B1941 EXTERNAL CRASH SENSOR OPEN CIRCUIT OR SHORT TO

BATTERY


O1CHECK FOR A HARD OR INTERMITTENT DTC


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NGS Tester




On-Demand Self Test




O2.


present at this time. GO to O5.

O2CHECK THE EXTERNAL SENSOR WIRING



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ESC C250

Measure the resistance between Pin C250-6, Circuit619 (PK/W) and Pin C250-21, Circuit 649 (BK/O).

Is the resistance between 690 and 890 ohms?

YesREPLACE the ECS module. GO to O6.

NoGO to O3.

O3CHECK THE RH EXTERNAL CRASH SENSOR

RH External Crash Sensor C157

Measure the resistance through the RH external crash

sensor between the crash sensor terminal and the rivet on the

side of the crash sensor.


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Yes

GO to O4.

NoREPLACE the RH external crash sensor. GO to O6.

O4CHECK THE LH EXTERNAL CRASH SENSOR

LH External Crash Sensor C153

Measure the resistance through the LH external crashsensor between the crash sensor terminal and the rivet on theside of the crash sensor.


YesREPAIR the open or short to battery on Circuit 619 (PK/W).GO to O6.

NoREPLACE the LH external crash sensor. GO to O6.

O5CHECK FOR AN INTERMITTENT FAULT

Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step O1.

Was the DTC retrieved during Step O1 an


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intermittent fault?

YesCHECK for causes of intermittent high resistance or short to

battery on Circuit 619 (PK/W). Attempt to recreate the hardfault by driving the vehicle, fleshing the wire harness and

cycling the ignition key frequently. REPAIR anyintermittent concerns found. GO to O6.

NoGO to O6.

O6CHECK FOR ADDITIONAL DTCs

Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step O1.

Were any continuous DTCs retrieved during StepO1?







Pinpoint Test P: LFC 14/DTC B1901 External Crash Sensor Short to Ground

Normal Operation

The external crash sensors monitor the severity of a crash event. If the crash event is severe enough, thesensor(s) will close and signal the electronic crash sensor (ECS) module to deploy the air bags. Each

external crash sensor contains a 1580 ohm resistor. Since the two crash sensors are connected in parallel

through the splice in Circuit 619 (PK/W), the ECS normally measures about 790 ohms.

The ECS measures this resistance to verify that the crash sensors are correctly mounted and connected. If

there is a short to ground on Circuit 619 (PK/W), the ECS will store a diagnostic trouble code (DTC) B1901

in memory and flash a lamp fault code (LFC) 14 (or higher priority code if one exists) on the air bag

indicator.

Possible Causes

A short to ground on Circuit 619.


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.


present at this time. GO to P5.

P2CHECK THE EXTERNAL SENSOR WIRING


ECS C250

Measure the resistance between Pin C250-6, Circuit619 (PK/W) and Pin C250-21, Circuit 649 (BK/O).


YesREPLACE the ECS module. GO to P6.

NoGO to P3.

P3CHECK THE RH EXTERNAL CRASH SENSOR


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RH External Crash Sensor C157

Measure the resistance across the terminals of the RHexternal crash sensor.


YesGO to P4.

No

REPLACE the RH external crash sensor. GO to P6.P4CHECK THE LH EXTERNAL CRASH SENSOR

LH External Crash Sensor C153

Measure the resistance across the terminals of the LHexternal crash sensor.


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Yes

REPAIR Circuit 619 (PK/W). GO to P6.

NoREPLACE the LH external crash sensor. GO to P6.

P5CHECK FOR AN INTERMITTENT FAULT

Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step P1.

Was the DTC retrieved during Step P1 anintermittent fault?

YesCHECK for causes of intermittent short to ground on Circuit

619 (PK/W). Attempt to recreate the hard fault by driving

the vehicle, flexing the wire harness and cycling the ignition

key frequently. REPAIR any intermittent concerns found.

GO to P6.

NoGO to P6.

P6CHECK FOR ADDITIONAL DTCs

Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step P1.

Were any continuous DTCs retrieved during StepP1?







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Pinpoint Test Q: LFC 25/DTC B1871 Passenger Air Bag Deactivation (PAD) Switch Fault

Normal Operation

The air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS) module monitors the status of the passenger air bag deactivation

(PAD) switch at Pin C250-9, Circuit 1112 (W/LB). The PAD switch signals the ECS by switching aresistance to ground. If the ECS senses 900-1100 ohms in the PAD switch, it enables the passenger air bag

and turns off the PAD switch warning lamp. If the ECS senses 400-600 ohms in the PAD switch, it

deactivates the passenger air bag and turns the PAD switch warning lamp on. If the ECS detects an invalid

resistance, it will store a diagnostic trouble code (DTC) B1871 in memory and flash a lamp fault code

(LFC) 25 (or higher priority code if one exists) on the air bag indicator.

Possible Causes

a damaged or inoperative PAD switch. a damaged or inoperative ECS module.

a short to battery, short to ground or open on Circuit 1112 (W/LB).

PINPOINT TEST Q: LFC 25/DTC B1871 PASSENGER AIR BAG DEACTIVATION (PAD) SWITCH FAULT


Q1CHECK FOR A HARD OR INTERMITTENT DTC

NGS Tester





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On-Demand Self Test


YesThis is a hard fault. The fault condition is still present. Thisfault cannot be cleared until it is corrected and the DTC is

no longer retrieved during the on-demand self test. GO toQ2.


present at this time. GO to Q6.

Q2CHECK THE PAD SWITCH "ON" POSITION


ECS C250

Place the PAD switch in the "ON" position.

Measure the resistance between Pin C250-9, Circuit1112 (W/LB) and Pin C250-21, Circuit 649 (BK/O).


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Yes

GO to Q3.

NoGO to Q4.

Q3CHECK THE PAD SWITCH "OFF" POSITION

Place the PAD switch in the "OFF" position.

Measure the resistance between C250-9, Circuit 1112

(W/LB) and Pin C250-21, Circuit 649 (BK/O).


YesREPLACE the ECS module. GO to Q7.

NoGO to Q4.

Q4CHECK CIRCUIT 1112 (W/LB) FOR A SHORT TO BATTERY


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Battery Ground Cable


1112 (W/LB) and Pins C250-21, Circuit 649 (BK/O) andC250-17, Circuit 937 (R/W).

Is either resistance less than 100 ohms?

YesREPAIR Circuit 1112 (W/LB). GO to Q7.

NoGO to Q5.

Q5CHECK CIRCUIT 1112 (W/LB) FOR AN OPEN

PAD Switch C256

Measure the resistance of Circuit 1112 (W/LB)

between Pin C250-9 and Pin C256-3.


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YesREPLACE the PAD switch. GO to Q7.

NoREPAIR Circuit 1112 (W/LB). GO to Q7.

Q6CHECK FOR AN INTERMITTENT FAULT

Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step Q1.

Was the DTC retrieved during Step Q1 anintermittent fault?

YesCHECK for causes of intermittent faults on Circuit 1112

(W/LB). Attempt to recreate the hard fault by driving the

vehicle, flexing the wire harness and cycling the ignition key

frequently. REPAIR any intermittent concerns found. GO to

Q7.

NoGO to Q7.


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Q7CHECK FOR ADDITIONAL DTCs

Refer to the continuous DTCs recorded during Step Q1.

Were any continuous DTCs retrieved during StepQ1?

YesDo not clear any DTCs until the DTCs have been resolved.





Pinpoint Test R: LFC 27/DTC B1884 Passenger Air Bag Deactivation (PAD) Switch Warning

Lamp Inoperative

Normal Operation

The air bag electronic crash sensor (ECS) module has the ability to deactivate the passenger air bag under

certain conditions. When the passenger air bag is deactivated, the passenger air bag deactivation (PAD)switch warning lamp will be illuminated.

The ECS monitors the PAD switch warning lamp for open or short to ground conditions. If the ECS detects

an open or short to ground condition on the PAD switch warning lamp circuit, it will store a diagnostic

trouble code (DTC) B1884 in memory and flash a lamp fault code (LFC) 27 (or higher priority code if one

exists) on the air bag indicator.

Possible Causes

An open or short to ground on Circuit 1113 (Y/LG). A damaged or burned out PAD indicator. A damaged or inoperative PAD switch. A damaged or inoperative ECS module. A blown PAD switch I/P Fuse 2 (7.5A).

PINPOINT TEST R: LFC27/DTC B1884 PASSENGER AIR BAG DEACTIVATION (PAD) SWITCH WARNING

LAMP INOPERATIVE


R1CHECK FOR A HARD OR INTERMITTENT DTC


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NGS Tester




On-Demand Self Test




no longer retrieved during the on-demand

1998 Manual de Taller Ranger

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Transcript of 1998 Manual de Taller Ranger