1817-1841

James Monroe

As President: Bought Florida from Spain

Monroe Doctrine: It stated that further efforts by European nations to colonize land or interfere with states in North or South America would be viewed as acts of aggression, requiring U.S. Intervention.

1820: Missouri Compromise: Congress attempt to balance slave states and free states.

Monroe supported the colonies in Africa for free African Americans that would eventually form the nation Liberia (whose capital is Monrovia)

Missouri Compromise

Also known as the Compromise of 1820

Maine enters as a free state

Missouri enters as a slave state

No slavery would be allowed north of the 36’30” line; or west of the Mississippi River.

The Missouri Compromise was a temporary solution to the questions of slavery and territorial rights.

Interactive Missouri Compromise Map

http://teachingamericanhistory.org/static/neh/interactives/sectionalism/lesson1/

John Quincy Adams

Reduced National Debt from $16 million to $5 million. (It would be paid off completely with the next president).

“Tariff of 1828”-”Tariff of Abominations”:

The major goal of the tariff was to protect industries in the northern United States which were being driven out of business by low-priced imported goods by taxing them. The South, however, was harmed directly by having to pay higher prices on goods the region did not produce, and indirectly because reducing the exportation of British goods to the U.S. made it difficult for the British to pay for the cotton they imported from the South.

Andrew Jackson

“Tariff of 1828”: South Carolina threatened to secede from the union. Jackson said he would use military force if any state attempted to secede.

Beginning of Democratic Party

Fiscal Policy: Led to Economic Depression

“Trail of Tears”: Indian Removal Act: May 28, 1830, It authorized the president to negotiate with Indian tribes in the

Southern United States for their removal to federal territory west of the Mississippi River in exchange for their homelands

Van Buren

His administration was largely characterized by the economic hardship of his time, the Panic of 1837. He was scapegoated for the depression and called "Martin Van Ruin" by political opponents.

Continued Indian Removal Act

Panic of 1837:  Profits, prices and wages went down while unemployment went up. Speculative lending practices in western states, a sharp decline in

cotton prices, a collapsing land bubble, international specie flows, and restrictive lending policies in Great Britain were all to blame.

Banks failed; unemployment reached record highs.

From whitehouse.gov

Basically the trouble was the 19th-century cyclical economy of "boom and bust," which was following its regular pattern, but Jackson's financial measures contributed to the crash. His destruction of the Second Bank of the United States had removed restrictions upon the inflationary practices of some state banks; wild speculation in lands, based on easy bank credit, had swept the West. To end this speculation, Jackson in 1836 had issued a Specie Circular requiring that lands be purchased with hard money--gold or silver. In 1837 the panic began. Hundreds of banks and businesses failed. Thousands lost their lands. For about five years the United States was wracked by the worst depression thus far in its history.

Jackson Era Videos

Crash Course: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=beN4qE-e5O8

History Channel: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oxDqOH6H4FQ