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BIFACIAL ENERGY YIELD AND TECHNOLOGICAL ASPSECTS
16.09.2019André Richter
© Meyer Burger
MEASUREMENT SITES
High accuracy measurements:• UAE, Abu Dhabi, 24% POAA, since 01/17: hot
desert (BWh), fixed tilt (8 modules)
• US, California 14% POAA, since 10/16: dry summer tropical (Csa),1-axis tracking (8 modules)
• US, Arizona, 14% POAA, since 10/16: cool steppe (BSk/BWh), fixed tilt (3 modules)
• US, Arizona, 14% POAA, since 10/16: cool steppe (BSk/BWh), 2-axis tracking (3 modules)
• China, Yinchuan, 16% POAA, since 07/17, humid subtropical (Cfa) continental, fixed tilt (8 modules.
Sites covering most important climates for PV systems. Modules at MB owned sites are initially measured by an independent accredited laboratory (SUPSI, CH).
Bifacial workshop 16.09.2019 - André Richter
Sun
bel
t
37°
DNI map
solargis.info
Existing site Meyer Burger site
* POAA one year average figures
© Meyer Burger
SUMMARY OF ENERGY YIELD WORLDWIDE
Meyer Burger leads the development of high performing PV technologies. Heterojunction and SmartwireTM Connection Technology (HJT SWCTTM) is a combination of technologies to increase the overall performance and reliability of PV systems.
In all evaluated locations, HJT SWCTTM
has a superior energy yield as compared to market relevant technologies (BSF, PERC, PERT).
Rule of Thumb: Energy yield gain of HJT SWCTTM is always higher than local ground reflection (POAA).
Bifacial workshop 16.09.2019 - André Richter
Relative energy yield gain to BSF in 4 different climates
(rear side partly shaded)
BSF: back surface field solar cellPOAA: Plane of array albedoAverage values, PERT figures partly interpolated
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%UAE
Yinchuan
Arizona
California
HJT SWCT
PERT
PERC
POAA
© Meyer Burger
MOUNTING, TRACKING AND POAA
Different mounting and tracking of PV modules:
Left to right – upper line:• Fixed tilt slanted• Fixed-tilt: horizontal• Fixed-tilt: vertical
Left to right - lower line:• 1-axis tracking• 2-axis tracking• Power distribution over the day
for vertical and slanted fixed tilt
Measurement of albedo and plane of array albedo (POAA) is shown.Only in fixed-tilt horizontal albedo and POAA have same values.In tacking mode, POAA sensors moving with the module.
Alb
edo
PO
AA
POAA
1-axis tracking 2-axis trackingA
lbed
o
«south» showing slanted fixed-tilt
Alb
edo
Sou
rce:
NP
Xsol
ar
Bifacial workshop 16.09.2019 - André Richter
© Meyer BurgerBifacial workshop 16.09.2019 - André Richter
Energy Yield - UAE
© Meyer Burger
© Meyer Burger© Meyer Burger
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kW/k
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SWCT HJT
PERT 120
PERT 60
PERT 60
PERC
BSF
Bifacial workshop 16.09.2019 - André Richter
Relative toStandard Module
(clear sky day)
BSF-Reference
1 kW/kWp
Meyer Burger Outdoor Test Stand UAEdaytime
Laboratory measurements by
Performance in desert climateSuperior HJT SWCT Technology
Connection
TC
Bifaciality
Age (04/19)0
𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑘𝑊𝑝
𝑘𝑊ℎ_𝐵𝑆𝐹𝑘𝑊𝑝_𝐵𝑆𝐹
Mono-facial
bifacial
UAE 14.03.2019
BSF-Reference
Placement of modules with spacing and no rear shading
1 kW / kWp
100%
110%
120%
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5BB multiwire 5BB 5BB SWCT
60 full cell 60 full cell 60 full cell 120 half-cell 60 full cell
-0.38 -0.356 -0.365 -0.346 -0.256
0 0.699 0.739 0.765 0.904
1 year 2 years 2 months 2 months MB HJT SWCT
© Meyer Burger
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CLEAR SKY TO OVERCAST DAYS:YIELD GAIN BETWEEN 25% AND 30%
Relative specific energy yield:
Overcast days:Bifacial has the highest relative gain
Clear sky days: highest contribution to energy yield, front side power has highest contribution
Bifacial workshop 16.09.2019 - André Richter
Typical overcast day Clear sky day
Relative Gain to BSF per dayPERC
monofacialPERT bifacial
HJT SWCTTMbifacial
overcast 4% 19% 30%clear sky 4% 16% 25%
Placement of modules with spacing and no rear shading.
HJT SWCTPERTPERCBSF
Meyer Burger Outdoor Test Stand UAE
0
1 kW / kWp
© Meyer Burger© Meyer Burger
HOT CLIMATESTECHNOLOGY DIFFERENCE
Bifacial workshop 16.09.2019 - André Richter
When comparing monofacial BSF to bifacial HJT module performance, the bifacial HJT module suffers less from extreme conditions.Simulation of monofacial systems have a very good alignment with the measurement, bifacial system are better than expected:
Bifacial module have additional benefits, the drop of power is less compared to monofacial modules.
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T_modulT_ambGHIPOA_frontPOA_rear
°C kW/m2A B
Calculated difference A to B measured
TC_A/B POA_A/B Total P_A/B
monofacial ‐6.4% 4.0% ‐2.3% ‐2.4%
HJT ‐4.9% 4.0% ‐0.9% 1.8%
Module temperature
Irradiation POA
UAE 22.08.2018
© Meyer Burger© Meyer Burger
REAL POWER OF A SOLAR MODULE
Bifacial workshop 16.09.2019 - André Richter
Watt peak is only a Lab measured figure, reality is different!
Module operating conditions differs with bifacial modules much more than monofacial modules.
Simulation with correct input of the local conditions and a correct model of the module is mandatory.
Real operating values, example
USA, POAA 14% Pmpp Impp Pmpp Impp06.05.2017 09:58 135% 130% 134% 129%06.05.2017 10:05 132% 128% 131% 127%06.05.2017 12:24 139% 136% 140% 136%
Modul 1 Modul 2
Module 1 and 2: HJT SWCT bifacialPmpp: relative to Pmpp_STC
Unshaded single modules
© Meyer Burger© Meyer Burger
MODULES ARE DIFFERENT
Bifacial workshop 16.09.2019 - André Richter
Power of a bifacial module can exceed 100%.
Energy yield reacts very sensitive to bifacial coefficient, if the albedo is at least >10%.
Power of the bifacial modules at same location and time can vary, in this example 30%!
Only very high bifacial coefficients help to get profit out of the local conditions.
Relative power to Wp:Measured power corrected to value w/o TC influence, then relative to monofacial Al-BSF value.This value is important for any scaling of system.
Total power /m2:Corrected by power density of the module
Technologie Al‐BSF PERC+ PERT PERT HJTbifi 0% 70% 74% 77% 90%rel power to Wp 100% 117% 143% 144% 153%total power/m2 100% 138% 187% 189% 206%
UAE, POAA ca. 24%, unshaded, single modules
Power of different technologies at same location:
© Meyer Burger© Meyer Burger
HJT IBC SWCT BIFACIAL MODULE
HJT SWCT energy yield – version April 2019 - André Richter
SWCT on busbarless bifi cell (PERC, PERT, HJT)
Silver consumption today <100mg/cell (mass production)
© Meyer Burger
EXAMPLE TO DRIVE THE EFFICIENCY:HJT IBC
Highest IBC cell efficiency 90 cm²
24.8%
Highest IBC cell efficiency 6”
22.4%
Jsc
41.3mA/cm²
Bifaciality
77%
Voc
737mV
FF
81.5%
Bifacial workshop 16.09.2019 - André Richter
Meyer Burger IBC-HJT is developed to be SWCT compatible
© Meyer Burger
LEADING MODULE MANUFACTURER REC SOLAR LEAPFROGGING INTO HETEROJUNCTION
Bifacial workshop 16.09.2019 - André Richter
© Meyer Burger
MEYER BURGER PROJECTS WITH EUROPEAN HETEROJUNCTION MANUFACTURERS 3SUN ANDECOSOLIFER
Bifacial workshop 16.09.2019 - André Richter
Ecosolifer Csorna, Hungary 3SUN/ENEL, Catania, Italy
© Meyer Burger© Meyer Burger
MERCITHANK YOU
André RichterMeyer [email protected]+41 79 799 03 99
Bifacial workshop 16.09.2019 - André Richter
© Meyer Burger
DISCLAIMER
Information in this presentation may contain “forward-looking statements”, such as guidance, expectations, plans,intentions or strategies regarding the future. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties.The reader is cautioned that actual future results maydiffer from those expressed in or implied by thestatements, which constitute projections of possibledevelopments. All forward-looking statements included inthis presentation are based on data available to MeyerBurger Technology Ltd as of the date that this presentationis released. The company does not undertake any obligationto update any forward-looking statements contained in thispresentation as a result of new information, future events orotherwise.
This presentation is not being issued in the UnitedStates of America and should not be distributed toU.S. persons or publications with a general circulationin the United States. This presentation does notconstitute an offer or invitation to subscribe for,exchange or purchase any securities. In addition, thesecurities of Meyer Burger Technology Ltd have notbeen and will not be registered under the United StatesSecurities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"),or any state securities laws and may not be offered, sold ordelivered within the United States or to U.S. persons absentregistration under an applicable exemption from theregistration requirements of the Securities Act or any statesecurities laws.
The information contained in this presentation does notconstitute an offer of securities to the public in the UnitedKingdom within the meaning of the Public Offers ofSecurities Regulations 1995. No prospectus offeringsecurities to the public will be published in the UnitedKingdom. Persons receiving this presentation in the UnitedKingdom should not rely on it or act on it in any way.
In addition, the presentation is not for release,distribution or publication in or into Australia, Canadaor Japan or any other jurisdiction where to do so wouldconstitute a violation of the relevant laws or regulations ofsuch jurisdiction, and persons into whose possession thisdocument comes should inform themselves about, andobserve, any such restrictions.
Trademarks:
SWCTTM Trademark of Meyer Burger Technology Ltd.
Bifacial workshop 16.09.2019 - André Richter