15582809 ICT Project Physics How Things Work by Tim B to (1)

8/8/2019 15582809 ICT Project Physics How Things Work by Tim B to (1)

1/12

ICT ProjectICT Project--Physics: HowPhysics: How

things workthings work

By Tim BBy Tim B

To main menu


2/12

Menu page

PulleysPulleys ForcesForces LeversLevers Wheels and axlesWheels and axles Light bulbLight bulb Internal Combustion engineInternal Combustion engine Steam engineSteam engine RocketRocket Jet engineJet engine

Electric motorElectric motor


3/12

Tohelp protectyour privacy, PowerPointprevented thisexternalpicturefrom being automatically downloaded.To download and display thispicture,click Optionsin the MessageBar, and then click Enableexternalcontent.

PulleysPulleys

A pulley is a simple machineA pulley is a simple machinethat uses grooved wheels tothat uses grooved wheels toraise and lower things.raise and lower things.

Pulleys are used on boats andPulleys are used on boats and

in building work.in building work.

back


4/12

ForcesForces A force is somethingA force is something

that is acting onthat is acting onobjectsobjects

For example, gravityFor example, gravityis a force. It is whatis a force. It is whatkeeps us on thekeeps us on theground, or whatground, or what

makes planets orbitmakes planets orbitthe sun.the sun.

There are otherThere are otherforces too. Otherforces too. Otherforces act on differentforces act on differentthings:things:

Up thrust (buoyancy)Up thrust (buoyancy)is what keeps shipsis what keeps shipsfloating.floating.

Also, friction slowsAlso, friction slowsmoving things down.moving things down.

There are manyThere are manymore!more!

For example:

Thecarsengine

Gravity

Friction

Back


5/12

LeversLevers

Levers are basic machines thatLevers are basic machines thatmakes work easier.makes work easier.

Levers often require a pivot, e.gLevers often require a pivot, e.gthe bit in the middle of seethe bit in the middle of see--saws.saws.

Types of levers are scissors,Types of levers are scissors,

hammerhammer--claws and see saws.claws and see saws.

BackBack


6/12

Wheels and axelsWheels and axels

An axel is a rod that is used toAn axel is a rod that is used tomove, raise or lower things.move, raise or lower things.

It is usually connected to a wheelIt is usually connected to a wheelor wheels.or wheels.

They can be found on railwayThey can be found on railwaywheels, car wheels and tyres.wheels, car wheels and tyres.

WheelsAxel

Back


7/12

The internal combustion EngineThe internal combustion Engine

The internalThe internalcombustion engine iscombustion engine iswhat drives most cars,what drives most cars,

lorries, buses andlorries, buses andsome trains.some trains.

This engine burns aThis engine burns afuel (e.g petrol orfuel (e.g petrol ordiesel) to turn an axeldiesel) to turn an axel

which then makes thewhich then makes thevehicle go forwards.vehicle go forwards.

1. Intake of fuel2. Compression of fuel3. The fuel is ignited4. Exhaust is pushed out.

Back


8/12

The Steam EngineThe Steam Engine Steam engines use aSteam engines use asource of heat (e.g coal)source of heat (e.g coal)

to heat up water so thatto heat up water so thatit turns into steam.it turns into steam.

The steam is piped toThe steam is piped tocylinders that use thecylinders that use the

steam to power things,steam to power things,e.g steam trains, pumps,e.g steam trains, pumps,wheels, propellers.wheels, propellers.

Steam trains are justSteam trains are juststeam engines on wheels!steam engines on wheels!

The chuf chuf noise thatThe chuf chuf noise that

you hear from steamyou hear from steamtrains is the cylinderstrains is the cylindersgoing backwards andgoing backwards andforwards.forwards.

Back

Back


9/12

RocketRocket

Rockets use a highly flammableRockets use a highly flammablefuel to propel things at very highfuel to propel things at very highspeedsspeeds--e.g space shuttles, missiles,e.g space shuttles, missiles,fireworks e.t.c.fireworks e.t.c.

They were used in the SecondThey were used in the SecondWorld War, as the worlds 1World War, as the worlds 1stst

ballistic missile!ballistic missile!

Click thisbutton!

Back


10/12

Jet engineJet engine Jet engines wereJet engines were

invented by Frankinvented by FrankWhittle in the 1930s.Whittle in the 1930s.

Jet engines compressJet engines compressair, then ignite it out ofair, then ignite it out ofthe back of the jet. Thisthe back of the jet. Thispropels the enginepropels the engine

forward.forward. They use a highlyThey use a highly

flammable fuel, calledflammable fuel, calledkerosene.kerosene.

They are far moreThey are far moreefficient and powerfulefficient and powerfulthan propeller planes.than propeller planes.

Back


11/12

The light bulbThe light bulb The 1The 1ststpractical light bulbpractical light bulb

was invented in 1879 bywas invented in 1879 byThomas Edison.Thomas Edison.

It used electricity to makeIt used electricity to makea bit of material glow verya bit of material glow very

brightly.brightly. Before him, people wereBefore him, people were

experimenting withexperimenting withbamboo or charcoalbamboo or charcoalfilaments!filaments!

Nowadays, we use aNowadays, we use atungsten filament.tungsten filament.

Note: The filament is the bit that glows.

Back


12/12

Electric MotorElectric Motor

Electric motors use magnetsElectric motors use magnetsto create motion. While theto create motion. While the

north magnet is pushing 1north magnet is pushing 1side away, the southside away, the southmagnet is attracting it.magnet is attracting it.

As it rotates, these red bitsAs it rotates, these red bitsrotate, and are then on therotate, and are then on theopposite green bit.opposite green bit.

This changes the current;This changes the current;which makes the northwhich makes the northmagnet attract one side,magnet attract one side,and the south magnet repeland the south magnet repelit.it.

This makes the bar rotateThis makes the bar rotateandand

Back

15582809 ICT Project Physics How Things Work by Tim B to (1)

Documents

Transcript of 15582809 ICT Project Physics How Things Work by Tim B to (1)