13.4America Enters the

War

America is still no officially involved in the

war, but they are helping the allies.

America Helps Allies

• Cash and carry policy. This allowed the allies to pay cash for American war products and carry them away.

• Lend Lease Act. This allowed the U.S. to lend war materials to the allies and receive payment at a later date. With this act, the U.S. gave $50 billion in supplies.

Many questioned whether the US was

doing enough to help. The isolationist debate

was at full force.

The U.S. Embargoes Japan• Japan depended on the U.S. for oil, scrap

metal, and airplane fuel.• 80% of Japan’s oil came from the United

States.• FDR began restricting these products because

Japan invaded China.• On November 26th 1941, the Japanese navy

set sail for the U.S. Naval base in Pearl Harbor Hawaii.

Japan Attacks Pearl Harbor• December 7th 1941 the

Japanese attacked the base at Pearl Harbor.

• 21 U.S. ships were sunk or damaged.

• 2,403 Americans were killed.

• The Senate voted to declare war by a vote of 82 to 0.

Attack on Pearl Harbor

1st Wave -- The first attack wave of 183 planes was launched north of Oahu. Slow and vulnerable planes led the attack (why?) and focused on attacking US battle ships. Then dive bombers came through attacking bases.

2nd Wave -- The second wave consisted of 171 planes

353 planes reached Pearl Harbor.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/USS_West_Virginia;014824.jpg

Results of the Attack

United States4 battleships sunk,4 battleships damaged including 1 run aground2 destroyers sunk, 1 damaged1 other ship sunk, 3 damaged3 cruisers damaged[2]

188 aircraft destroyed155 aircraft damaged,2,345 military killed1,247 military wounded57 civilians killed35 civilians wounded[3][4]

Japan• 4 midget submarines sunk,

1 midget submarine run aground,27 aircraft destroyed,55 airmen killed9 submariners killed1 submarine captured

After the Attack…

• Largest attack against United States ever…• Country feared a larger attack against the west

coast…• US declares war on Japan

Germany Declares War• Now that Japan and the U.S. were at war,

Hitler wanted to help the Japanese.• Hitler had also grown tired of the U.S. Navy’s

attacks on German submarines. • On December 11th 1941, both Germany and

Italy declared war on the U.S.