12 Lecture Cell Cycle Kelompok 12 Edited
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Transcript of 12 Lecture Cell Cycle Kelompok 12 Edited
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LECTURE PRESENTATIONS
For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITIONJane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson
2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Lectures by
Erin Barley
Kathleen Fitzpatrick
The Cell Cycle
Chapter 12
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Overview: The Key Roles of Cell Division
The ability of organisms to produce more of theirown kind best distinguishes living things from
nonliving matter
The continuity of life is based on the reproduction
of cells, or cell division
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Concept 12.1: Most cell division results in
genetically identical daughter cells
Most cell division results in daughter cells with
identical genetic information, DNA
The exception is meiosis, a special type of divisionthat can produce sperm and egg cells
2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Cellular Organization of the Genetic
Material
All the DNA in a cell constitutes the cells genome
A genome can consist of a single DNA molecule
(common in prokaryotic cells) or a number of DNAmolecules (common in eukaryotic cells)
DNA molecules in a cell are packaged into
chromosomes
2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Figure 12.3
20 m
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Figure 12.4
0.5 mCentromere
Sister
chromatids
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During cell division, the two sister chromatids ofeach duplicated chromosome separate and move
into two nuclei
Once separate, the chromatids are called
chromosomes
2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Figure 12.5-1
ChromosomesChromosomal
DNA molecules
Centromere
Chromosomearm
1
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Figure 12.5-2
ChromosomesChromosomal
DNA molecules
Centromere
Chromosomearm
Chromosome duplication(including DNA replication)and condensation
Sisterchromatids
1
2
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Figure 12.5-3
ChromosomesChromosomal
DNA molecules
Centromere
Chromosomearm
Chromosome duplication(including DNA replication)and condensation
Sisterchromatids
Separation of sisterchromatids intotwo chromosomes
1
2
3
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Eukaryotic cell division consists of Mitosis, the division of the genetic material in the
nucleus
Cytokinesis, the division of the cytoplasm
Gametes are produced by a variation of cell
division called meiosis
2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Phases of the Cell Cycle
The cell cycle consists of Mitotic (M) phase (mitosis and cytokinesis)
Interphase (cell growth and copying of
chromosomes in preparation for cell division)
2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Interphase (about 90% of the cell cycle) can bedivided into subphases
G1phase (first gap)
S phase (synthesis)
G2phase (second gap)
The cell grows during all three phases, but
chromosomes are duplicated only during the S
phase
2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Fi 12 6
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Figure 12.6
INTERPHASE
G1
G2
S
(DNA synthesis)
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The Cell Cycle Control System
The sequential events of the cell cycle are directedby a distinct cell cycle control system, which is
similar to a clock
The cell cycle control system is regulated by both
internal and external controls
The clock has specific checkpoints where the cell
cycle stops until a go-ahead signal is received
2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 12 15
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G1checkpoint
G1
G2
G2checkpoint
M checkpoint
M
SControlsystem
Figure 12.15
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Figure 12 16
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Figure 12.16
G1checkpoint
G1 G1
G0
(a) Cell receives a go-aheadsignal.
(b) Cell does not receive ago-ahead signal.
Figure 12 11a
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Figure 12.11a
ChromatincondensingNucleus
Nucleolus
Prophase1
10 m
Figure 12 11c
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Figure 12.11c
10 m
Metaphase3
Figure 12 11d
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Figure 12.11d
Anaphase4
10 m
Figure 12 11e
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Figure 12.11e
10 m
Telophase5
Cell plate
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