11-1 Nervous Tissue I: Functional Organization, Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Lecture 12.
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Transcript of 11-1 Nervous Tissue I: Functional Organization, Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Lecture 12.
![Page 1: 11-1 Nervous Tissue I: Functional Organization, Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Lecture 12.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d895503460f94a6f874/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
11-1
Nervous Tissue I:Functional Organization, Spinal
Cord and Spinal Nerves
Lecture 12
![Page 2: 11-1 Nervous Tissue I: Functional Organization, Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Lecture 12.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d895503460f94a6f874/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
11-2
Nervous Tissue
• Found in brain, spinal cord and nerves
• Property– Ability to produce action potentials (electric
signals)
• Cells– Nerve cells or neurons– Neuroglia or support cells
– Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells
![Page 3: 11-1 Nervous Tissue I: Functional Organization, Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Lecture 12.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d895503460f94a6f874/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
11-3
The Nervous System
• Subdivisions– Central nervous system (CNS)– Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
• Sensory receptor– Receptor of sensory information
• Nerve– Made up of a bundle of axons
• Ganglion– Collection of cell bodies of neurons
• Plexus– Network of spinal nerves
![Page 4: 11-1 Nervous Tissue I: Functional Organization, Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Lecture 12.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d895503460f94a6f874/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
11-4
Central Nervous System
• Consists of– Brain
• Located in cranial vault of skull
– Spinal cord• Located in vertebral
canal
• Brain and spinal cord– Continuous with each
other at foramen magnum
• TractFig. 14.1
![Page 5: 11-1 Nervous Tissue I: Functional Organization, Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Lecture 12.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d895503460f94a6f874/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
11-5
Peripheral Nervous System
• Two subcategories– Sensory or afferent
– Motor or efferent• Divisions
– Somatic nervous system
– Autonomic nervous system (ANS)
» Sympathetic
(fight or flight)
» Parasympathetic
(rest and digest)Fig. 14.2
![Page 6: 11-1 Nervous Tissue I: Functional Organization, Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Lecture 12.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d895503460f94a6f874/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
11-6
Spinal Cord• Extends from foramen
magnum to second lumbar vertebra
• Segmented– Cervical
– Thoracic
– Lumbar
– Sacral
• Gives rise to 31 pairs of spinal nerves
• Not uniform in diameter throughout length
Fig. 16.1
![Page 7: 11-1 Nervous Tissue I: Functional Organization, Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Lecture 12.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d895503460f94a6f874/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
11-7
Meninges
• Connective tissue membranes surrounding spinal cord and brain– Dura mater– Arachnoid mater– Pia mater
• Spaces– Epidural: Anesthesia
injected– Subdural: Serous fluid– Subarachnoid:
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Fig. 16.2
![Page 8: 11-1 Nervous Tissue I: Functional Organization, Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Lecture 12.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d895503460f94a6f874/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
11-8
Cross Section of Spinal Cord• White matter
– Myelinated axons forming tracts
– Three funiculi (columns)
• Gray matter– Neuron cell bodies,
dendrites, axons
– Three hornsFig. 16.3
Fig. 16.4
![Page 9: 11-1 Nervous Tissue I: Functional Organization, Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Lecture 12.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d895503460f94a6f874/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
11-9
Spinal NervesCervical Plexus
• C1-C4• Phrenic nerve
– from C3-C5 (cervical and brachial plexus)
– innervates diaphragm
Fig. 16.8
![Page 10: 11-1 Nervous Tissue I: Functional Organization, Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Lecture 12.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d895503460f94a6f874/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
11-10
Brachial Plexus• C5-T1• Major nerves
– Radial– Ulnar– Median
Fig. 16.9
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11-11
Lumbar Plexus
Fig. 16.10
![Page 12: 11-1 Nervous Tissue I: Functional Organization, Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Lecture 12.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d895503460f94a6f874/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
11-12
Sacral Plexus
Fig. 16.11
![Page 13: 11-1 Nervous Tissue I: Functional Organization, Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Lecture 12.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d895503460f94a6f874/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
11-13
Review Question
Compression of the ________ nerve against the medial epicondyle of the humerus will produce strong tingling sensations along the forearm and hand.
(a) Radial(b)Median(c) Phrenic(d)Femoral(e) Ulnar
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11-14
Points to Remember• Nervous system consists of central nervous system
(brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system (all nervous tissue outside of central nervous system)
• Sensory (afferent) neurons carry sensory information to brain and spinal cord
• Motor (efferent) neurons carry motor away from brain and spinal cord to spinal nerves and cranial nerves
• Spinal nerves have a dorsal root (sensory neurons) and a ventral root (motor neurons)
• Names of nerves in plexuses generally describe the body region they travel
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11-15
Questions?