10 Leak Handling

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Chapter X LEAK HANDLING

EMERGENCY PROCEDURE FOR HANDLING PIPELINE LEAKAGES

SMPL transports highly inflammable r!"e oil an" th!s "!e are has to beta#en in its operation or maintenane to a$oi" any mishap %hih may res!lt in

loss of pro"!t or loss of life & property' (he )!ality proe"!re for

maintenane praties for pre$ention of *il spill "!e to lea#s+ b!rsts inmainline is gi$en in En$ironmental Proe"!re Man!al ,Proe"!re No' -.PL+

EPM+ /+ 0'12' Ho%e$er3 ertain emergeny sit!ation relate" to mainlinep!mping operation or fail!re of omm!niation system an be a remote

possibility' Disaster Management Plan has to be referre" an" ati$ate" in aseof any emergeny sit!ation'

(he ma4or emergenies assoiate" %ith the main Pipeline are as follo%s5

,12 Lea#age+b!rst of floating hose',62 Lea#age of oil from pipeline "!e to orrosion3 seam or ir!mferential

%el" fail!re or attempte" sabotage',72 .!pt!re of pipeline'

,/2 Lea#age from mainline $al$e et'

(he abo$e nee"s imme"iate attention to a$oi" the follo%ing5

,a2 8!rther lea#age of r!"e oil res!lting in pipeline losses'

,b2 Sprea"ing of the inflammable oil in the $iinity',2 8ire ha9ar"s in the $iinity an" poll!tion of ri$er+anal %ater+ irrigation

an" !lti$ate" fiel"s an" habitats'

,"2 Prolonge" "isr!ption in p!mping operation'

PROCEDURE

(he proe"!re for ta#ling the sit!ation of emergenies shall "epen" !pon thetype of emergeny' Gi$en belo% are the "etails of ases !n"er ma4or three

hea"s liste" abo$e %hih an arise an" orrespon"ing ation for follo% !p

that has to be ta#en'

OFF SHORE :

(A) LEAKAGE/BURST OF FLOATING HOSES

,12 Instr!t the Master+Ship:s "!ty offier to stop argo p!mping

imme"iately as soon as oil spillage is notie"' Inspet thoro!ghlyan" onfirm %hether it is not "!e to bilge or from any other tan#er

nearby'

,62 As soon as p!mping is stoppe"3 inform shore installation abo!t thelea#age of r!"e an" as# them to lose tan#+ tan#s inlet $al$e+

$al$es an" onfirm'

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,72 Close also b!oy t!rn table $al$es at the earliest possible time'

,/2 Inform Kan"la Port (r!st:s Harbo!r Master+ P!ll ;a# t!g abo!t

lea#age an" as# to ontrol poll!tion'

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Di$ers an also onfirm by he#ing the $al$e in"iator on PLEM' In

ase3 s!rfae ontrol !nit fails to operate the PLEM $al$es3 the samemay be operate" by !sing nitrogen ylin"er or man!ally as

re)!ire"'

,/2 Close the entre %ell $al$es'

,2 Detet+loate the lea# position by sen"ing "i$ing re%'

,?2 Line !p the !naffete" !n"erb!oy hose string by operating

orrespon"ing PLEM an" Centre %ell $al$es'

,02 Inform shore installation to line !p the reei$ing shore tan#+ tan#s3Narara bet $al$e an" onfirm'

,1@2 As soon as shore tan#+tan#s inlet $al$e+$al$es an" !naffete"

!n"erb!oy hose strings are line" !p3 inspet any f!rther lea#age'

,112 As soon as it is onfirme" no lea#age notie"3 instr!t the Master+

Ship:s D!ty *ffier in %riting to res!me p!mping thro!gh the!naffete" !n"erb!oy hose string an" !sing one floating hose string

in line' .es!me p!mping initially at a slo% flo% rate an" obser$e theperformane for a perio" of one ho!r an" thereafter inrease the

flo% rate gra"!ally' (his test sho!l" in$ariably be on"!te" "!ring"ay light'

,162 Che# an" reor" the ation ta#en by KP( to ombat the poll!tion toa$oi" any ha9ar"o!s sit!ation'

,172 A omprehensi$e report is to be ma"e for the ini"ent'

,1/2 *n ompletion of argo p!mping3 fl!sh the affete" hose string'

(C) LEAKAGE IN SUBMARINE PIPELINE/PLEM

,12 Instr!t Master+Ship:s D!ty *ffier to stop argo p!mpingimme"iately'

,62 Inform shore installation abo!t lea#age of r!"e oil an" as# to lose

the tan#+tan#s inlet $al$e $al$es an" onfirm'

,72 Inform KP( Harbo!r Master+P!ll ba# t!g abo!t lea#age an" as# to

ta#e pre$enti$e ation to ombat poll!tion'

,/2 Isolate s!bmarine pipeline by losing the $al$es at Narara ;et an"PLEM'

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,2 .eport the abo$e step for starboar" hose string'

,?2 Gi$e learane for ast off'

F"e #$ E%e"ge#&' P"o&e$u"e

Ce No*+ F"e o# ,o"$ !he !#-e"

At in ons!ltation %ith (an#er Master an" Harbo!r Master' It is better to

a"opt the follo%ing proe"!res5

,12 Stop p!mping imme"iately'

,62 As# ship to $aate the berth'

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,72 Close the b!tterfly $al$es of both strings an" "isonnet amlo#

o!plings from ship manifol"'

,/2 Let loose the se!ring arrangement of tan#er rail hoses' An" if "erri# is

not a$ailable3 allo% the hose string to "rop %hile ship $aates the berth'

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>' Aor"ingly the Chief Coor"inator shall i"entify the re)!irement ofisolation of that setion of line3 the re)!ire" $al$es to be lose"' He

shall aor"ingly inform the Searh Party CoF*r"inator+ Maintenane

CoF*r"inator to lose the respeti$e $al$es'

?' (he $al$es after being lose" by the respeti$e CoF*r"inators shall beintimate" to the shift engineer Central Despath+ P!mp Station %ho

shall then line !p %ith the re)!isite stations an" "epress!rise the line'

0' (he maintenane gro!p on reahing site shall arrange labo!rers an"

arry o!t olletion of spille" oil if any in to empty barrels'

1@' *n getting learene from Central Despath the Maintenane CoF*r"inator shall arry o!t ea$ation %ith the help of ontrators+

labo!rers arrange" from loal $illage an" epose the line for loating

the eat lea# point on pipe'

11' (he Maintenane CoF*r"inator shall then get the oat & %rap remo$e"%ith the same %or# fore an" get the pipe s!rfae leane" for fiing

of lea# lamp'

16' (he lea# lamp shall be fitte" as per -or# Instr!tion No-I+ML+@?+@1'

17' After fiing the lea# lamp the Maintenane CoF*r"inator shall gi$elearene to the Central Despath+P!mp Station shift engineer for

press!risation of the line for testing the lea# lamp'

1/' (he Shift Engineer P!mp Station+ Central Despath+ Maintenane CoF*r"inator shall gi$e learene for opening the $al$es for press!risation

along %ith the se)!ene of opening of $al$es if neessary an" the

maintenane gro!p shall open the $al$es aor"ingly for press!risingthe lea# lamp setion'

1' (he lea#lamp shall be obser$e" for satisfatory performane for fe%

ho!rs or as "ei"e" by the Maintenane CoF*r"inator'

1?' If the lea# lamp starts lea#ing than the f!rther o!rse of ation shallbe "ei"e" by the Chief CoF*r"inator3 other %ise the line shall be

leare" for normal p!mping'

10' (he %el"ing of the lea# lamp shall be arrie" o!t as per Proe"!re

No'AP+ML+@0'

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6@' A length of 1@@ meters of the pipeline on either si"e of the lea# spot

shall be epose" for inspetion an" re oate" as per AP+ML+@>' (hisshall not be appliable in ase the lea#age %as "!e to attempte"

pilferage'

61' *n ompletion of the %or# 8ormat No' SMPL+MN(,ML2+16 shall befille" !p by the Maintenae CoFor"inator an" all the CoF*r"inatorsshall s!bmit their reports to the risis CoF*r"inator for re$ie%'

66' (he nominate" engineer of the respeti$e bases shall prepare the final

report of the lea#age & s!bse)!ent retifiations arrie" o!t an"

for%ar" the same to nit hea" for f!rther ation'

CASE . P0e Ru0!u"e / Bu"!

In ase of pipe r!pt!re+b!rst as e$i"ent from the s!""en fall in station

press!re3 the pipeline is to be sh!t"o%n imme"iately an" searhparties sho!l" be sent along .*- as in the CASE 1'

Separate re% from "ifferent stations in the setion sho!l" be

earmar#e" for losing the mainline $al$e in or"er to isolate $ario!ssetions'

8!rther %or# is to be ta#en !p as per the g!i"elines'

CASE 1 Le-ge 2"o% M#3#e 435e

In ase of any information reei$e" for lea#age from Mainline $al$es3the Station Mehani3 Helper along%ith Station *&ME+ S*&ME %ill

r!sh to the spot %ith $al$e %heel3 spa"e3 Pi# ae an" fe% stan"ar"han" tools as per the he# list for safe an" proper operation' (his

may re)!ire ea$ation in an" aro!n" the $al$e if oil spillage isobser$e"' After inspetion3 $al$e operation is neessitate"3 the

onerne" *M&E+ S*&ME sho!l" report ba# the matter to station'

(he Station in t!rn %ill ontat Central Despath an" then Central

Despath in ons!ltation %ith ;ase Maintenane %ill pass on f!rtherinstr!tions to Station an" aor"ingly maintenane as re)!ire" %ill

be ta#en !p by Station+;ase'

8ire an" safety e)!ipments to be plae" at the lea# spot'

8or all omm!niation p!rpose3 Comm!niation CoFor"inator shall

ha$e to ta#e neessary ation'

8or any material re)!ire" to fight the emergeny sit!ation3 MaterialCoFor"inator shall ta#e neessary ation to arrange the same'

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OPERATION OF PIPELINE DURING LEAK AND LEAK REPAIRS

,A2 D!ring pipeline lea#age3 p!mping operation sho!l" be stoppe" an"

press!re of affete" setion shall be #ept minim!m' (he affete" setion

sho!l" be isolate" by losing the nearest Gate al$e'

,;2 After installation of lea# lamp ,(he )!ality proe"!re for %el"ing of lea#lamp+ slee$e is gi$en in Proe"!re an" -or# instr!tion Man!al on

Mainline Maintenane3 Proe"!re No'AP+ML+@023 initially press!retesting of lea# lamp fitte" sho!l" be "one at lo%er press!re an" slo%ly

press!re sho!l" be inrease"' (he operating press!re is to be "ei"e" on

the basis of follo%ing three on"itions5

12 If pipe on"ition near the lea# spot fo!n" healthy an" the re"!tion inthe %all thi#ness is negligible3 the pipeline an be operate" at normal

operating press!re after installation of lea# lamp ,pipeline fittings2 at

lea#Fspot'

62 Pipe shall be either repaire"3 replae" or operate" at a re"!e"press!re if !niform re"!tion in thi#ness ,less than the "esign

thi#ness2 is obser$e"'

P0e3#e o0e"!o# # &e o2 u#2o"% "e$u&!o# # 00e !h&-#e:

If !niform re"!tion in thi#ness of pipe is obser$e"3 the operating press!re is

to be "erate" as per form!la gi$en belo% 5

P" J 6St D

-hereS J Hoop stress ,in Psi2

J @'>6 Speifie" minim!m yiel" strength E,%el" fator2

t J Pipe %all thi#ness ,in inhes2 D J Nominal o!tsi"e "iameter of pipe ,in inhes2

Maim!m Allo%able *perating Press!re ,MA*P2 for S Setion 5

Pi J 6St J 6 6 J >'1/ F 6'@@ J 6 @'6@6 D 6?

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thi#ness to less than the "esign thi#ness al!late" in aor"ane

%ith "esign form!la' *perating press!re of pipeline may be "erate" asper follo%ing e)!ation'

1 @'=> ,+tn2

i2 P" J 1'1 Pi 1 @'=>Ctn+ G6 1

-here G J @'?07 L + + Dtn

G J a $al!e not to eee" /'@ in the abo$e analysis may be"etermine" from the abo$e e)!ation

8or $al!e of G greater that /'@

ii2 P" J 1'1 Pi ,1 F C+tn2

eept P" shall not eee" Pi

-here P" J Derate" internal "esign press!re

Pi J *riginal internal "esign press!reC J Maim!m "epth of orrosion area

tn J Nominal %all thi#nessL J Longit!"inal etent of the orrosion area'

After repair of pitte" setions ,by slee$ing %ith same or higher gra"eof pipe23 the line an be operate" at normal operating press!re'

L#e 0"eu"e $u"#g 6e3$#g:

D!ring %el"ing of slee$es3 lamps an" other str!t!ral "iretly %ith

pipe3 the pipeline sho!l" not be operate" at maim!m operating

press!re' Line press!re sho!l" be #ept preferably at >@ of MA*P'

After ompletion of %el"ing an" testing3 line an be operate" at normaloperati$e press!re'

TEST PRESSURE :

,i2 Hy"rostati testing5 .eplae"+ repaire" setion of pipeline an behy"rostatially teste",if arrangement is ma"e2' (he hy"rostati test

press!re shall be not less than 1'6< times the internal "esign press!re'

,ii2 If hy"rostati test is not feasible3 pipeline repairs+fittings an beteste" %ith line pro"!ts' Press!re testing sho!l" be "one "!ring both

p!mping an" sh!t"o%n on"itions'

Initially press!re tests sho!l" be "one at lo%er press!re ,=@F >@ of MA*P2

an" finally line sho!l" be teste" at Maim!m *perating Press!re for a

minim!m perio" of 6/ ho!rs'

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10 Leak Handling

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