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Transcript of 1.0 Introduction 2009
7/27/2019 1.0 Introduction 2009
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Global Maritime Distress and
Safety System
IMO Model Course 1.25
Revised Edition 2007
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1.0 Introduction
1.1 The Course.1 Background and Purpose
Required on Cargo vessels >300 GT and all
Passenger vessels on International voyages
- Replace the 1974 SOLAS Convention
Requirement of a continuous radio watch on
international distress frequencies
500 KHz (MF) Morse Radiotelegraph
2182 KHz (MF) SSB RT
VHF #16 156.8 MHz RT
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1.0 Introduction
Basic Concept
Old System – ship-to-ship distress operations
New System – notification of SAR authoritiesashore and ships in area (minimum delay in a wellcoordinated SAR operation attempt).
Dates of Implementation (Phase in Timeline)
1988 – GMDSS adopted by IMO
February 1, 1992 Comply with GMDSS or
Chapter IV of SOLASAugust 1, 1993 NAVTEX RX + Satellite EPIRB
February 1, 1995 SART and Lifeboat VHF
February 1, 1999 – full GMDSS package required
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1.0 Introduction
Developments since 1999
Continuous radio watch must provide:
.1 a distress alerting and communicationchannel for non-SOLAS vessels, and
.2 bridge-to-bridge communications forSOLAS ships.
SOLAS IV/12 remains unchanged in that,
every ship, shall maintain, where practicable, a continuous watch on VHF#16
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1.0 IntroductionFurther GMDSS developments
2002 – III/26 increase SART on liferafts on Ro-Ro Passenger ships(1 SART/4 Liferafts)
2000+2006 – SOLAS V (Safety of Navigation,AIS for long range ID and vessel tracking with
GMDSS VHF2002 – Chapter XI – Ship security alert systemwith GMDSS distress and safety.
December 2006 – INMARSAT EPIRB 1.6 Ghz
eliminatedDecember 31, 2007 – INMARSAT A analogsignals discontinued (not supported by newestsatellites)
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1.0 Introduction
.1 Definition of Sea Areas (4 areas ofmarine communication=ranges)(Figure1.1)
A1 – RT coverage of >1 VHF-DSC CoastStation (30-50 nm from CS).
A2 – RT coverage of >1 MF-DSC CoastStation (150-400 nm from CS), excludes A1
A3 – coverage (footprint) of INMARSAT
geo-stationary satellite (76o
N – 76o
S),excludes A1 + A2
A4 – Polar Regions (north of 76o N, south of76oS), excludes A1, A2, A3
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1.1.1 Sea Areas Figure 1.1
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1.1.2 Minimum GMDSS Carriage Requirements
Figure 1.2 (S1-1)
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1.0 Introduction
Digital Selective Calling (DSC)
Automated access to Coast Stations andships during distress or emergency viaVHF, MF, HF, or INMARSAT Comms.
Automated Message Contents
Name of vessel
Nature of distress
Last recorded position
Time (UTC) of last recorded position
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1.0 Introduction
GMDSS Functional Requirements
1. Tx ship to shore distress alert, by 2 separate andindependent means
2. Rx shore to ship distress alerts
3. Tx + Rx ship to ship distress alerts4. Tx + Rx SAR communications
5. Tx + Rx On-Scene SAR communications
6. Tx + Rx Locating Signals
7. Tx + Rx Maritime Safety Information
8. Tx + Rx General Radio Comms. with shore
9. Tx + Rx Bridge to Bridge Communications
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1.0 Introduction
.2 Requirements for GMDSS Installation
Equipment per Sea Area – Figure 1.2
Maintenance Requirements – to ensure theavailability of GMDSS equipment
duplication of equipment shore-based maintenance
at-sea electronic maintenance with
GMDSS Maintainer CertificationA1 + A2 one of the above
A3 + A4 two of the above
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1.0 Introduction
.3 GMDSS Certification Requirements
Beyond VHF Range (A2, A3, A4) must have
General Operator’s Certificate (GMDSS-O)
70 hour IMO Course + FCC 1, 7
If “at Sea Maintenance” (GMDSS-M)70 hour IMO Course, + FCC 1, 3, 7, 8, 9
After STCW 1995 Implementation Date,
February 1, 2002 all Officers in Charge of the Navigational Watch (OCINW) required.
During actual distress Captain cannot be the
Primary GMDSS-Operator.
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1.0 Introduction
The Global Maritime Distress and Safety System(GMDSS) consists of many separate sub-systems
being implemented in a coordinated and agreed uponmanner. The coordination enables a ship which is indistress to send a distress alert in various ways and be
virtually certain that it will be heard and acted upon.Search and Rescue authorities ashore, as well asshipping in the immediate vicinity of the ship indistress, will be rapidly alerted so they can assist in a
coordinated Search and Rescue operation withminimum delay. The system also provides urgency(medical assistance) and safety communications anddisseminates maritime safety information, including
navigational and meteorological warnings.
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General
Concept
ofGMDSS