10 Common Myths About High-Risk Drinking Programs and Why Unions Should Ignore Them Linda Major 2009...
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Transcript of 10 Common Myths About High-Risk Drinking Programs and Why Unions Should Ignore Them Linda Major 2009...
10 Common Myths About High-Risk Drinking Programs and Why Unions Should Ignore Them
Linda Major2009 ACUI Annual
ConferenceApril 6, 2009
Student Involvement
Student Involvement Infrastructure
-Administrative Support
-Information Strategies
Gender Programs/Women’s Center
Student Organizati
ons
University Program Council
East Campus Programs
and Services
Leadership Developm
ent
Service Learning and Volunteer Services
and Midwest Consortium for
Service Learning in Higher Education
LGBTQ and Ally Programs and Services
Motivating Factors
• Several high profile deaths at colleges and universities around the country
• College Alcohol Study receives national attention
• Data supports need for intervention
• Pressure from surrounding neighborhoods
• Fairly recent high profile alcohol-related injury on campus
1. Nothing works – high-risk drinking is part of the college experience.
2. Lowering the legal drinking age will solve the problem.3. Employing a comprehensive approach means an
increased workload for already stretched staff.4. Visibly addressing the problem is bad PR for the
university or college.5. Visibly addressing the problem will impact recruitment.6. Alcohol can no longer be served at university functions.7. Impacted stakeholders will never reach consensus.8. The problem is “owned” by one or two primary
stakeholders.9. What works on one campus works for all.10. There is an absence of student support for increased
alcohol policy and enforcement.
Common Myths
“A Matter of Degree”• $700,000.00 five-year grant funded by the
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation; $500,000.00 four-year extension
• Administered by the American Medical Association
• University of Nebraska-Lincoln one of 10 universities selected nationwide to pilot new strategies
• Evaluated by the Harvard School of Public Health
• Directed by a campus-community coalition• Environmental approach• Visible and vocal campus and community
leadership
Coalition Philosophy
• Focus efforts toward reducing high-risk alcohol consumption across undergraduate population, with a special emphasis on the first and second year
• View high-risk drinking as a shared responsibility
• Utilize an inclusive process, student participation essential
• Adopt a comprehensive approach incorporating both individual and environmental strategies
Resources Guiding Transformative Process
• Deep Change: Discovering the Leader Within, Robert E Quinn (1996)
• Building the Bridge As You Walk On It: A Guide for Leading Change, Quinn (2004)
• Change the World: How Ordinary People Can Achieve Extraordinary Results, Quinn (2000)
• The Speed of Trust, Stephen Covey (2007)• The Art of Engagement: Bridging the Gap
Between People and Possibilities, Jim Haudan (2008)
Level 3:The Participating Strategy
Level 2:The Forcing Strategy
Level 1:The Telling Strategy
Level 4:The Transforming Strategy
Robert Quinn’s Model of Four Change Strategies (2000)
Rational persuasion; emphasis on facts
Leveraging behavior; emphasis on authority
Open dialogue; emphasis on relationship
Transcend self; emphasis on emergent reality
Strategies in Action: Traditional AOD Prevention
• Alcohol & other drug education programs• Peer education• Epidemiology-driven reports• Social norms marketing
Level 1:The Telling Strategy
Strategies in Action: Traditional AOD Prevention
• Substance prohibition/control• Zero tolerance policies• Hospitality beverage control• Increased enforcement efforts• Adjudicating AOD-related behaviors
Level 2:The Forcing Strategy
Emerging Strategies: AODV Prevention
• Campus-Community task forces and coalitions
• Public forums on AODV• Broad stakeholder involvement in
addressing issues
Level 3:The Participating Strategy
• A process where stakeholders are educated around a set of data and perspectives about a problem
• Perspective sharing broadens understanding for all stakeholders
• All stakeholders participate in collaborative problem-solving with new understanding of the issues
Informed Deliberation
• First step to transforming a community is transforming my own thinking as a leader
• Fundamental paradigm shift about the community and its issues– My understanding of the problem from
multiple stakeholder perspectives– My vision and beliefs about the outcome of
change– My collaboration with a broad range of
others by identifying the talents, skills and interests they bring to the table
– My comfort with chaos– A matter of integrity: clarifying my
motivations and my own perspectives
The Transformational Perspective
The Participating Strategy
The Forcing Strategy
The Telling Strategy
TRANSCENDING FRAME
Employing Quinn’s Perspectives to Create A Model of Community Organizing for AODV Environmental Change
All threeStrategy choicesare viable when appropriate to the situation and objective
The transcending frame enables
members to think broadly about collaborating
between interests, recognizing the
needs and concerns of others, and
operating from a vision of abundant
opportunity
Data Driven Strategic Planning Process
• Data driven planning process-Behavioral, attitudinal and environmental scan
• Explored best practices and theoretical models from national AOD literature
• Organized four workgroups based on identified goals-Policy and Enforcement, Social Environment, Neighborhood Relations, and Education
• Adopted a set of measurable objectives impacting individuals, the campus, the community and the state
• Workgroups charged with task of monitoring progress and revising when necessary
• Communications strategic plan developed to support coalition goals and objectives
Using the Power of Data
• Police Reports/GIS Maps• Student Self-Report Data• Neighborhood Complaints• Focus Groups• Market Trends• Student Retention Data• Last Drink Data• Anecdotes and Stories
ENFORCEMENT EDUCATION
POLICY
Codifying community standards
Consistent consequences when community standards are violated
Building knowledge and efficacyof community standards
Strategy Development Model
Self-Reported Drinking by Location
1999 2002 2004 20080
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Residence HallGreek HouseOff-Campus PartyBar or Restaurant
Campus Prevention Initiatives • Revised University Approved Housing
Agreement • Adopted Good Samaritan Policy (student
government)• Radical Shift in Law Enforcement Philosophy
and Sophistication– Private Security Contract with Greek Living
Units– Continuing Education and Training
Program– Turnover in UNLPD Leadership– Cooperative Agreement among
Enforcement Agencies– Increased Use of Sophisticated Technology
• Back to School Welcome Event (Student Involvement)
Campus Prevention Initiatives• Implemented research-based, developmentally
appropriate alcohol education– Alcohol Skills Training Program– BASICS
• Implied mandate online alcohol education policy for first year students– Three curriculums to be assessed including one with
a sexual assault prevention module• Collaborative research with counseling
psychology faculty• Intensive initiative involving Greek community
(leadership development)• Increased parent and new student education
about alcohol policies • Campus Night Life Program (student
programming council)• Social Norms Campaign (information
strategies)
Problem Students and Student Groups
• Revised sanctions for violating policy• Increased consistency of sanctions and
consequences• Aggressive enforcement of policies• Adopted a Parental Notification Policy• Use of more intense alcohol and other
drug services when appropriate including evaluation
Game Day
Response to Alcohol-Related Problems on Game Day
• Student sponsored tailgate (student organizations)
• Loss of season ticket for chronic problems
• Special Designated Licenses limited on game day
• Obvious violations prosecuted• Intoxicated fans barred from entry into
stadium or ejected• Tailgate Campaign e.g. mailing, parking
lot promotions, signage
2007 Wild Party Density
2007 Wild Party Dispatches by Day of Week
2007 Wild Party Dispatches by Time of Day
2007 Wild Party Dispatches by Month of the Year
Prevention Initiatives
• Resident Roundtable Project• Conflict mediation• Tenant education including social host
responsibilities• Revised Tenant/Landlord Contracts• Landlord access to web-based police
information• Community-based service (service
learning)• We Agree Campaign (student
government)
Problem Tenants and Landlords• Student Code of
Conduct– Maintaining a
disorderly house– Selling alcohol without
a license– Procuring for minors
• Parental Notification Policy
• Wild Party Patrol – Identify locations– Process, policies and
procedures– Reporting the results
• Fines/Consequences• Social Host Legislation
• Maintaining a disorderly house citation to problem landlords
• Contact between landlords, law enforcement and city officials
• Contact with the city’s Internal Liquor Committee
• Voluntary landlord intervention initiative
Disorderly House Citations
Liquor License Density
• Liquor Licenses are geo coded
• Calls for Service• Direct to on line
report
Hotspot of assaults and cluster of bars near campus
Downtown Area
Hotspots of Violent Crime
College Bars
N
Haymarket
Number of Admissions
Percent of Total
Average BAC
License A 93 16% .169
License B 49 9% .183
License C 43 8% .160
License D 43 8% .160
License E 33 6% .159
License F 32 6% .169
License G 31 5% .181
License H 23 4% .165
License J 22 4% .163
License K 19 3% .179
Total (403) 388/569 69% .169
Last Drink Data
Prevention Initiatives
• RHC, Community Forums, Community Covenant for Responsible Beverage Service
• Mandatory Manager Training• Internal Liquor Committee• Web-based Seller/Server Education
Program• Practical Guide to Responsible
Hospitality• Bar walks• Option to apply additional conditions to
licenses in high density areas
Underage Access and Availability
• Badges in Bars• Local ordinance – presenting false
identification• State policy – digital driver’s license
system• Voluntary Compliance Check Program
(service learning and student organizations)
• LPD sponsored compliance checks• Parental Notification – law enforcement
Problem Locations
• Citations to commercial landlords• Contest SDL applications submitted by
problem establishments• Conditions for high-risk establishments• Citations, sanctions and revocation• Increased Attention
from Law Enforcement
Level of UNL Student Drinking: 1997 - 2008
1997 2000 2002 2004 2006 20080
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
AbstainersDrink, does not bingeOccasional binge drinkerFrequent binge drinker
Level of Student Drinking by Binge/No Binge: 1997 – 2008
1997 2000 2002 2004 2006 20080
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Does not bingeBinge
Primary Effects: 1997 – 2008
Hangover Miss a Class Behind in School Work
Unplanned Sexual Activity
Damage Prop-erty
Trouble with Police
5 or more prob-lems
1997 71.8 46.2 28.6 32 16.9 7 34.2
2000 69.3 27 25.1 19.8 11.3 3.6 20.7
2002 69 31.7 22.1 25.4 10.4 7.3 25.4
2006 72.2 26.9 16.6 17.7 8.4 4.8 14
2008 71.5 25.3 18.9 14.5 9.3 9 17.2
5
15
25
35
45
55
65
75
Secondary Effects: 1997 – 2008
1997 2000 2002 20080
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
49.1
35.3
24.2
20.3
66
56.759.2
55.5
58.7
50.4 49.6
45
32.8
25.4
21.5
17.7
Insulted/Humiliated Babysit a Drunken StudentStudy/Sleep Interrupted Unwanted Sexual Advance
High School to College Drinking Behavior: 1997 – 2003
1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 20030
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
31.4
36.938.3
42.1
45.346.6
26
21.1
24.4
22.2
1718.8
7 6.4 6.44.9
6.37.3
35.6 35.7 35.7
30.8 31.3
27.2Did not binge in high school or col-legeDid not binge in high school/binged in collegeBinged in high school/did not binge in collegeBinged in high school and college
The Campus-Community Environment: What is Different?
• Student Involvement – Engaged through active coalition participation, project leadership, curricular assignments, research and early intervention with peers
• Education – Developmentally appropriate programs based on current research and best practices, increasing in intensity meeting the individual needs of students
• University Approved Housing – Living environments more conducive to sleep and study, decrease in vandalism and damage, fraternities no longer serve as on-campus party houses
• Policy and Enforcement – Behavioral expectations codified and communicated to students prior to arrival, consistent enforcement, timely consequences for policy violation
Campus-Community Environment: What is Different?
• Neighborhoods – Improved quality of life, significant decrease in wild party complaints, established collaboration with area colleges and universities
• Game Day Activities – Stadium alcohol policies clearly stated and enforced, meaningful consequences for all ticket holders who violate policy, tailgating activities no longer blatantly visible
• Downtown Entertainment District – Bars actively engaged in improving police relations, eliminating drink specials and high-risk promotions, training staff and using data to improve practices
1. Nothing works – high-risk drinking is part of the college experience.
2. Lowering the legal drinking age will solve the problem.3. Employing a comprehensive approach means an
increased workload for already stretched staff.4. Visibly addressing the problem is bad PR for the
university or college.5. Visibly addressing the problem will impact recruitment.6. Alcohol can no longer be served at university functions.7. Impacted stakeholders will never reach consensus.8. The problem is “owned” by one or two primary
stakeholders.9. What works on one campus works for all.10. There is an absence of student support for increased
alcohol policy and enforcement.
Common Myths
Resources
• NIAAA Task Force Report – “A Call to Action: Changing the Culture of Drinking at U.S. Colleges”
• http://www.collegedrinkingprevention.gov/NIAAACollegeMaterials/TaskForce/TaskForce_TOC.aspx
• Harvard School of Public Health – College Alcohol Study and “A Matter of Degree” Program http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/cas/
• Experiences in Effective Prevention: The U.S. Department of Education’s Alcohol and Other Drug Prevention Models on College Campuses Grants http://www.higheredcenter.org/pubs/effective-prevention.pdf
• U.S. Department of Education’s Higher Education Center for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse and Violence Prevention http://www.higheredcenter.org/
• NU Directions Campus/Community Coalition www.nudirections.org
NU DirectionsLinda Major, Project DirectorStudent InvolvementNE Union, Suite 200Lincoln, NE 68588-0453402/[email protected]