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The FACE Annual Conference 2009

1st -3rd July 2009, Staffordshire University

Toward a New Agenda for Lifelong Learning: Access, Diversity, and Participation

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Jean-Marie FILLOQUEEuropean University of Brittany

Vice-rector in charge of Life Long Learning University of Brest

Jean-Marie.Filloque@univ-brest.fr

President of the French UCE NetworkFrance

Participation of adults in Higher Education, the French way.

Claire SALLICEuropean University of Brittany

Director of Life Long Learning departmentADEFOPE

University of South Brittany Claire.Sallic@univ-ubs.fr

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Objective

To show how French Public HLE institutions try to rise adult participation in ULLL….

From the idea of “social promotion” to “integration model”

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Plan 1. HLE organization in France2. Life Long Learning and HLE in France : the

French integrative model !3. Four ways to access a diploma 4. Three ways to become a University HLE student5. Conclusions

!!! All figures are from 2007

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HLE organization in France

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

Private public Nat.Educ

Public otherministry

Most of the French Higher Education system is public, with very low tuition fees (~ 1,3 Millions students pays between 170 and 350 €/year) and it depends on the Ministry of Education (78%)

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0

200000

400000

600000

800000

1000000

1200000

1400000

1600000

Universities EngineerSchools

VocationalSchools(Lycée)

Preparation forHigh schools

Othervocational

High Schools

HLE organization in France

Most of the students are in Universities

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Health studies 154 000

The Higher Education Level System in France…after Bologna (2002)

+11

+10

+9

+8

+7

+6

+5

+4

+3

+2

+1

Years

D

M

BLicence

621 000

GE 108 000

Master 262 000

Doctorate 72 000

DUT 115 000

BTS 230 000

CP

Baccalauréat Access diploma

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• 1- Initial and continuing education ;• 2- Scientific and technological research and its valorization• 3- Guidance and careers;• 4- Diffusion of culture, scientific and technical information • 5 – Participation to the European HLE and research area• 6- International cooperation

French education law, modified in 1984, and in 2007 :

HLE in France has 6 missions

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Life Long Learning and HLE : the French integrative model !

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Lifelong learning (including Continuing education)

is one of the 6 main “missions” of the universities…

(new law 10/08/2007)

The Ministry of Education point of view on

Higher Education

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As stated in the Education Act :

• Adults and students can follow the same courses and get the same diplomas, but tuition fees can be different…

• All HLE diplomas can be obtained through different ways,

• There are specific possibilities for adults to access HLE Institutions.

Intregrative model

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Adults and students can follow the same courses and get the same diplomas.

• Currently 5% of the students are registered as “adults” students• But 8.8% of the diplomas are delivered to adults !• Most of them in Professional Bachelors or Masters !

• BUT adults can also follows short courses (non credited)… (more than 380 000/year)

Intregrative model

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All HLE diplomas can be obtainedthrough different ways:

• Full time studies (initial education : 93,9%)• Worked based learning (1.5%) • Continuing Education CE (4,6%)• Recognition of Prior Learning (0,3%)

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There are specific possibilities for adults to access HLE Institutions :

• At the Bachelor degree level: by a special access diploma called “DAEU” 4 000/year and only 4000 diplomas !)

• At all level: by Recognition of Prior Learning to access (20 000/year)

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A first analysis tells us that….

• The participation of adults in HLE seems very low !• Even though all of the cursus are opened !• But the performance (% of diplomas) is better and

higher for HLE than for full time students …• So what is happening?

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Some reasons…• A poor image of the French Universities for professional studies ?• A strong concurrence because of the French laws and

regulations…• An important difficulty to be financed• And this, even if universities offer the best competencies (due to

research proximity) and the best cost !

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• Wages (40%)

• Pedagogical costs (60%)

One question is: Who pays for CE in France ?

• Companies • Public funds : State, Regions.. (mainly for

unemployed persons or young)

• Mutual organisations which collect money from companies (for employed persons)

• Individuals

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Who pays for CE in France? (2006 turnover, including only pedagogical cost)

* Including civil servant CE..

All (national) HE (universities)

Funds… 9 700 M€ 340 M€ (3,5%)

Companies and collect 48,8 % 36 %

Individuals 7,9 % 26 %

State, Regions* 31,4 % 31 %

Others 11,9 % 7%

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French continuing education system and organisation is shared between several stakeholders…

Mainly…

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• Existence of a national system for adult continuing education (from a labour point of view… )

• Based on agreements between social partners, conveyed in laws by Parliament

• 2 major laws organise this system…

The “employment” stakeholders….

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• national and regional administration for CE• national and regional committees which define the objectives, control the activities and analyse the results

Completed by 1993 law on “decentralization” which give the whole control (more or less ..) on CE to the regions (22 in France)

The 1959 law on “Promotion sociale” which has established the “organisational” part of the system :

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• That companies must spend a part of their wages (minimum 1.6%) on employees continuing education

• A “training leave” : which means the opportunity for employees to leave their work during a maximum of one year for an individual training project

• A new market : Vocational Continuing Education

The 1971 law on “Vocational Continuing Education” establishes :

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• Since 1994, CE is also under the responsibility of regional administration…

• Mainly for young and/or unemployed persons…

The “Regional” stakeholders….

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This “original” law, has been modified by several other ones, based on National Interprofessionnal Agreements…

• Modified by a 2004 law on “Continuing Vocational training” which creates an “individual right to CE” of 20 h/year

• will be modified in July 2009 with the introduction of guidance obligation, “career securization” mutual funds, modernisation of tax collect,…

But CE is always “on the market”

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The National Public Education System

is one of the operators on the market”

Competition with private companies and associations (~ more than 15 000 active operators !!)

Regulations included in “Education Act”

The Education stakeholders …

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Main figures…

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French HLE institutions are active..

2007 UCE Évolution

06/07

National** % Target> bac

« Students » 0,432 Million + 0,5 % 10,1 Millions 4,28 31%

Inc. Credited cursus 59 000 ?

Hours x students 58 Millions + 4,5 % 718 Millions 8,9

Average duration 135 heures - 3 % 71 heures

Incomes 339 Millions € + 7,3 % 9,7 Milliards € 3,5

RPL Jurys 4 199 + 13 % 55 000 7,6

* Figures 2007 ** PLF 2009(from survey N° 6 DEPP and PLF 2009( www.education.gouv.fr/pid53/evaluation-et-statistiques.html )

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2007 UCE Évolution

06/07National % Target

Diplômas via UCE 32 221 + 30 % 364 428 8,8 10%

Rate 54% 28%

Diplômas by RPL 2 080 +17% 30 000 7,1

French HLE institutions are active… and have results…

(from survey N° 6 DEPP and PLF 2009( www.education.gouv.fr/pid53/evaluation-et-statistiques.html )

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Conclusions…

French “INA” 2009 introduces the concept of “differed education right”….

Bologna 2020 could be with : RPL, EQF, Partnerships, access…. (as stated in Leuven communiqué)

Universities have the responsibility of ‘designing” tomorrow public education system…

With respect to the EUA European Universities’ Charter on Lifelong Learning