1 - The Drilling Rig a

8/20/2019 1 - The Drilling Rig a

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Drilling

Soran University

Faculty Of Science and

Engineering

Dpt Of Petroleum Eng

Supervisor:-

Mohamadamin daneshwar

Prepared y:

!aw"ar !ashed

Sivar Mohsin

#aryad $ahar

%man& adil


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Introduction

Drilling is easily most common

machining process' One estimate

is that ()* of all metal cuttingmaterial removed comes from

drilling operations' Drilling is

creation of holes that are rightcircular cylinder we can call it

drilling is a cutting process'


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What is drilling process?

+ %fter we found a reservoir we need to start

the process, we should first create a hole y

it on the end of drill and we start casing process in the hole after that we start

cementing, then we use casing and

cementing again until we find oil and gas'


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%ny drilling method must meet two re$uirements:

./0 a means of rea"ing or arading the formationsto e penetrated

.10 a means of removing the cuttings or the roc"

fragments which are produced in the

drilling operation'

Drilling Method


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Today, the two most widely used drillingmethods are:

2ale-tool'

!otary drilling


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Cable Tool

3n the cale-tool method, drilling is

accomplished

y lowering a wire line or cale into the

hole' On

the end of the line is a heavy chisel-shaped piece of

steel called the drilling it'


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Rotary drilling

!otary drilling uses a sharp, rotating drill it to dig

down through the Earth4s crust'

5he spinning of the drill it allows for penetration of

even the hardest roc"'


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Rotary Drilling Process

+ !otary tale rotates the drill string

+ Downward force applied to the it

+ 2uttings are lifted to the surface ycirculating a fluid down

+the drill string'


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Drilling !ig

% drilling rig is a machine which

creates holes in the ground'

Drilling rigs are classified as:

/0 Onshore .land0

10 Offshore .Marine0


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OnshoreOffshore


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Moile !ig


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Jackup


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Three principal types of bits are used

in a rotary drilling operation:

./0 Drag of fish-tail its

.10 !olling 6cutter its more commonly called roc"

its,

.70 Diamond its' Most drilling its are roc" its'


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The Mud 5he drilling fluid can e li$uid, commonly called

mud, or it can e air,

natural gas, or foam'

3n addition to removing the cuttings from the well,the drilling fluid serves

to luricate the it and drill string'

%nd, if it is mud, to prevent the flow of pore fluids

into the well ore and tohelp staili8e the ore hole through its density and

other properties'

1 - The Drilling Rig a

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