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Jointness in Homeland Security

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• Jointness between Government Agencies is hard.

• However, during the second "Intifada", National Security

Agencies had no alternative but to cooperate.

• Those models were so successful untill they become

part of the organizations DNA.

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Jointness with the Public

• Community Policing was

developed in most western

countries as a result of the

alienation between the

police and civilians.

• That is not the situation in

Israel

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It is not that the Israeli

people appreciate police

activities, like fighting crime

and keeping order, any

more than in other

democracies.

The reason is completely

different!

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What the Israeli people do appreciate is the police work in the field of homeland security

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Security

is the one issue

that unites

citizens in a

country that is

still fighting for

its existence

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We see the struggle for power in the field of Homeland security

• Security problems were

mainly concentrated at

the borders until 1974.

• But since 1974, the

civilian population

became a target

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The terrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich

11 members of the

Israeli Olympic team,

were taken hostage,

and eventually killed.

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Israel Police is preparing itself to a new reality

• It establishes the Yamam – the Israel's Counter-

Terrorism Unit (one of the best in the world).

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Smartly, they prepared themselves to the day that the question will be asked:

Till then, only the army had

a unit tat can handle a

terrorism attack - Sayeret

Matkal (General Staff

Reconnaissance Unit).

“Who will be responsible for Homeland Security?

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“Sayeret Matkal” was the unit that rescue the hostages from Entebbe in July 1976

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Why Israel need another unit?

• “Everything you can do I can do better…” – this is the

struggle for power!

Demonstration 2

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It took time until the Yamam earned its status

• There were two bus

hijackings by terrorists - in -

1984 and 1988.

• In 1984, the army decided

to give the Job to “Sayeret

Matkal”.

The result: a civilian was killed during the takeover!

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In 1988 the military was concerned of the responsibility

The army commander gave the job to the Yamam & they

did a perfect job!

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In Bureaucratic organizations, the right things usually occur for the wrong reasons!

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By the way,

• Few years ago, The Prison

Service did the same thing.

• This is a way to earn power

and respect from Shaback,

that need these those units

to work with him on an

ongoing basis in the

Palestinian cities!

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May 1974: Terror Strikes!

22 boys and girls were

killed in Ma’alot (near the

northern border) in a failed

rescue operation

conducted by the army,

after a terrorist group held

children hostages in their

school

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An Opportunity for the Police!

he IDF's failure was a great opportunity for the police to get

responsibility over “Homeland Security”

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Police officials had no prior knowledge in the field. They had to "create" their own knowledge!

These are often the

situations, in which

organizations need a

partnership with the

public.

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20Police commanders, very wisely, chose two community models of maintaining security: The Bomb Squad Div. & The Civil Guard

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1. The Civil Guard – Operating volunteers

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2. The Bomb Squad Div. – The best community model of all!

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In the seventies terrorists used to hide bombs in bags and leave them in crowded places

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Partnership with:

• The Public;

• Civilian security officers in different organizations;

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mutual trust!25

The Bomb Squad Div. can only be effective if citizens locate these bombs, clear the crowd, contact authorities and allow a sapper to defuse the bomb safely

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A police’s poster from the seventies asking citizens for help

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This is an equal partnership: One policeman is doing his job & everybody helps…

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… based on:

• Information gathering & Sharing information;

• Joint training;

• A “big head” cop, that has all the knowledge he needs, & is more important then his commanders!

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It's very similar to the “McDonald's client ‘education’ system”

The ability to hold only a small number of workers, after

creating an environment that customers are cleaning up

after themselves!

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Public trust has deepened after the development of social networking

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Internet communications during an emergency event, is Less fragile than any other media

• 2011: The largest earthquake in

Japan - traditional

communication systems

collapsed as a result of damage

to infrastructure.

• The Internet and social

networks have become Japan’s

dominant media during and

after the disaster.

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Only few years ago,

• Organizations have used the

networks in an emergency,

without realizing the full

potential of networking.

• It was only a one-way transfer

of information, ignoring the

interactive potential that exists

in them.

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And now – an interactive dialogue in real time!

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Thanks to the good connectivity with the people

There were almost no casualties from the missile strikes in

the last war!

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Jointness with other Security Agencies

• It is much harder than

with the public!

• The struggle over

power… remember?

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Is Jointness Possible with all these?

• “Shaback” Prime Minister Office

• IDF Security Office

• The Home Front Command

• Police Public Security Office

• Fire & Rescue Services

• MDA Health Office

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Until 2000 there was no Jointness at all!

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Only selfishness and a struggle on power…

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No connection between the police & “Shaback” in the field level!

• They shared information &

knowledge through the

headquarters organizations.

• The process took time & not

all knowledge and information

passed!

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In 2000, the second intifada broke outIts main characteristic was the suicide bombers, who blew

themselves up in Israel cities!

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There was no time for the usual procedureFrom the moment Shabak knew about a bomber, he

usually had less than an hour to stop him!

Palestinian Cities (Army responsibility)

Jewish Cities (Police responsibility)

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There

• The situation - that a bomber

managed to explode because

the information was not

transmitted to the army and

the police on time – was

dangerous to the Shaback

commanders.

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In Bureaucratic organizations, the right things usually occur for the wrong reasons!

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This is the reason why…42

Since 9/11, the security organizations in the Western world, including Israel, actually lead in Jointness

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The result was a great success!

• The heads of the “Shaback”, the IDF and the Police

realized that Jointness makes them more powerful, &

Jointness has become a part of their DNA

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They began to seek partners for any complex task

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Another Jointness Model

Terrorists’ targeted killing

from the air became the

most effective weapon

tool against terrorists,

after Hamas took Gaza

by force in June 2007

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• “Shaback” proposed

IDF & the Air Force to

establish a joint “Fire

Center” in the IDF

Southern Command.

• Direct Information was

handled in real time;

and again’ The result

was a big success to

all agencies.

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Recovering from

surprise

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The working connections are the Immune System of the organization…remember?

… because, self-organization is the best

ways to recover from surprises!

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Surprise

• Surprise: the emergence is different than the expectationsExpecting “more

of the same”

shock

• The result: shock, paralysis and loss of direction. System drifts into chaos

Beginning of the recovery

• Beginning of recovery at the field level. Leaders still in shock

Slow recovery

• The system is expecting a familiar event, that she knows to deal with, using existing tools

Typical pattern of surprises:

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The Yom Kippur War

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Last winter snowstorm in Jerusalem

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Jointness with the Public

• One measure of the

success of the

collaboration is the love of

the public!

• But, there is also a

downside: it allows

Security Organizations to

avoid needed reforms…

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For example:

Each time criticism

on police-work

increases – a

security crisis returns

public sympathy to

the police…

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I hope I was helpful

!

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