1 Submitted by Masakazu ITAKURA (Project Officer) from NEWJEC Inc. 6th Meeting of the Low-Carbon...
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Transcript of 1 Submitted by Masakazu ITAKURA (Project Officer) from NEWJEC Inc. 6th Meeting of the Low-Carbon...
1
Submitted bySubmitted by
Masakazu ITAKURA (Project Officer) from NEWJEC Inc. Masakazu ITAKURA (Project Officer) from NEWJEC Inc.
6th Meeting of the Low-Carbon Model Town Task Force6th Meeting of the Low-Carbon Model Town Task Force
APEC Low Carbon Model Town (LCMT) APEC Low Carbon Model Town (LCMT) Project Phase 3Project Phase 3Feasibility Study for Ngu Hanh Son District Feasibility Study for Ngu Hanh Son District in Da Nang City, Viet Namin Da Nang City, Viet Nam
4646thth Meeting of Meeting of
the APEC Energy Working Group and Associated Meetingsthe APEC Energy Working Group and Associated Meetings
1818thth November, 2013 November, 2013
2
Project Purpose
The key objective of the Project is to provide a Feasibility Study on the Re-development witch deals with the existing urban districts in Da Nang (Viet Nam), with a large focus on Ngu Hanh Son District. This will be done by investigating CO2 reduction visions, and verifying how to develop attractive, low-carbon development plan.
Ngu Hanh Son District is long skinny district between the East Sea and the Han River.This area is 39.12km2 and the population is approximately 70,667.
3
Da Nang People’s Committee (Implementation Board)Feedback !
Phase 2: Report on Analyses of CO2 Reductions and Costs for the Selected Design Measures
Outline of APEC Low Carbon Model Town (LCMT) Project Phase 3
Present Situation and Issues for the Urbanization of Da Nang LCT Development Project
Phase 4: Finalization of the Feasibility Study Report with Executive Summary
Phase 3: Report Study on the Implementing Methodology of Proposed CO2 Reductions Measures
Phase 1: Report on Low-Carbon Strategy for Da Nang Low-Carbon town Development Project
Scope of work Outline
4
1. Regional challenges
2. Improve attractiveness
3. Benchmark of low-carbon
4. LCMT Introduced measures
- Re-development- Sprawl- Deterioration of the landscape- Excess of sewage- Traffic growth
- Urban development
- Resort beach
- Tourism
With the sustainable development of the future, the realization of attractive and innovative urban development!!
- Define the environmental target
- Prepare a low-carbon Guideline
- Evaluate cost of CO2 reduction
- Select CO2 reduction measures
Approach to a High-Level Vision for LCMT in Da Nang
5
1) Da Nang’s master plan for socio-economic development up to 20202) A General Plan for 2000 - 2020 in Da Nang City 1) Da Nang’s master plan for socio-economic development up to 20202) A General Plan for 2000 - 2020 in Da Nang City
3) Building Da Nang City as An Environmental City (Aug. 2008)3) Building Da Nang City as An Environmental City (Aug. 2008)
Based on the Agenda 21 of Viet Nam government (PM Decision, 2004)
To aim at a sustainable development with the target year 2020,
To develop many different environmental issues such as: air pollution reduction, waste
treatment and recycling, energy conservation, and renewable energy.
However, not indicate any scope and measure challenging climate change issues, GHG emission reduction and low-carbon city.
1) "Carbon Emission Situation Study at Da Nang City”(2011) cooperated by Asian Institute of Technology (AIT)2) "Action Plan in Responding to Climate Change and Sea Level Rise for Da Nang up to 2020" financed by Rockefeller Foundation3) ”Sustainable Urban Energy Program”(2011 to 2013) cooperated by Aus AID and World Bank4) "Low-carbon Model Town Project Phase 3 " (2013) by APEC
Policy development
Legal Framework and Policies in Da Nang City
6
CO2 Emission Estimation in the Base Year Estimated CO2 emissions for the base year 2010 in Ngu Hanh Son District totaled 95,720 tonnes of CO2e (CO2 equivalent).
Table 3.2.2 CO2 emissions by category in the base year 2010 in Ngu Hanh Son District.
Category (sector – subsector)
Greenhouse Gas
Percentage[%]
CO2
[103 tonnes]
CH4
[103 tonnes]
CO2e
[103 tonnes]
1. Energy 77.34 77.34 80.79
- Manufacturing industries and construction 30.22 - 30.22 31.57
- Transportation 16.99 - 16.99 17.75
- Commercial/institutional 6.89 - 6.89 7.19
- Residential 23.24 - 23.24 24.28
2. Waste - 0.88 18.39 19.21
- Solid waste - 0.32 6.81 7.12
- Wastewater -0.55 11.58 12.09
- Industrial wastewater -
Total 77.34 0.88 95.72 100.00
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0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
Year
Pe
rso
ns
Hoa Vang
Cam Le
Ngu Hanh Son
Son Tra
Hai Chau
Thanh Khe
Lien Chieu
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
Year
Pe
rso
ns
Hoa Vang
Cam Le
Ngu Hanh Son
Son Tra
Hai Chau
Thanh Khe
Lien Chieu
Population forecast in Da Nang City
8
[Ngu Hanh Son District] Emissions in CO2e [k tonnes]
Category 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
1. Energy 77 126 237 436 662
- Manufacturing industries 30 31 32 33 34
- Transportation 17 27 43 69 131
- Commercial/institutional 7 18 52 120 197
- Residential 23 50 110 214 300
2. Waste 18 32 45 71 98
- Solid waste 7 13 21 38 61
- Wastewater 12 19 24 33 37
Total 96 158 283 508 760
% of 2010 base year emissions 100% 165% 295% 530% 794%
Population [persons] 68,270 111,125 178,571 287,589 370,142
Projections of COe2 emissions by category towards 2030in Ngu Hanh Son District according to (BAU Scenario – High Growth).
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Setting out CO2 emissions reduction target towards 2030 in accordance with the “National Green Growth Strategy”
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000
11,000
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
- Wastewater
- Solid waste
- Residential
- Commercial/institutional
- Transportation
- Manufacturing industries
kt-CO2/year
Year
BAU scenario for 2030
BAU scenario for 2020
20%▼
30%▼
10%▼20%▼
Base year (2010)
2020 20302010
10
BS-H (BAU Scenario – High Growth)Options for CO2e emission reduction targets
N.B. Target figures indicated in blue and red are in accordance with the voluntary reduction target the “National Green Growth Strategy”
Ngu Hanh Son District
Option Target ContentsTarget Year
2020 2030
A 10% from BAUReductions from BAU 28 ktCO2e 76 ktCO2e
% above base year level 166 % 615 %
B 20% from BAUReductions from BAU 57 ktCO2e 152 ktCO2e
% above base year level 136 % 535 %
C 30% from BAUReductions from BAU 85 ktCO2e 228 ktCO2e
% above base year level 107 % 456 %
11
Categories Establishment for Creating a Low Carbon Town
Possible low carbon measures for Ngu Hanh Son District in Da Nang City can be divided into nine categories listed below:
(1) Buildings(2) Transportation(3) Energy - Energy Management System(4) Energy - Area Energy Network(5) Energy - Untapped Energy(6) Energy - Renewable Energy(7) ICT Control(8) Environment(9) Water Supply and Sewage
12
Categories and Possible CO2 Reduction Measures for Example…
1. Buildings - Introduction of a system of comprehensive environment benchmarks that target buildings. etc.
1. Buildings - Introduction of a system of comprehensive environment benchmarks that target buildings. etc.
2. Transportation - Facilitation of the spread of electric motor-bakes and charging facilities. etc.
2. Transportation - Facilitation of the spread of electric motor-bakes and charging facilities. etc.
8. Environment Planning - Making environmental initiatives visible. etc.
8. Environment Planning - Making environmental initiatives visible. etc.
9. Water Supply and Sewage - Bio generation by utilization of water treatment sludge. etc.
9. Water Supply and Sewage - Bio generation by utilization of water treatment sludge. etc.
3. Energy - Energy Management System - Stabilization of the electric power supply by a high capacity electrical storage facility. etc.
3. Energy - Energy Management System - Stabilization of the electric power supply by a high capacity electrical storage facility. etc.
4. Energy - Area Energy Network - Heat pump style cooling system that uses river water and ocean water. etc.
4. Energy - Area Energy Network - Heat pump style cooling system that uses river water and ocean water. etc.
7. ICT Control- Optimized control of traffic flow due to an ITS (intelligent transportation system) . etc.
7. ICT Control- Optimized control of traffic flow due to an ITS (intelligent transportation system) . etc.
5. Energy - Untapped Energy - Power supplied by renewable energy from wind power and solar power. etc.
5. Energy - Untapped Energy - Power supplied by renewable energy from wind power and solar power. etc.
6. Energy - Renewable Energy - Purification and power generation utilization of biogas (digestive gas) . etc.
6. Energy - Renewable Energy - Purification and power generation utilization of biogas (digestive gas) . etc.
23 Possible CO2 Reduction Measures
23 Possible CO2 Reduction Measures
13
Four Viewpoints for Determining Guidelines
With these ideas in mind, the following four points are established as a guideline (evaluation viewpoints) in order to create a low carbon town in Ngu Hanh Son District
Viewpoint 1: measures by which a large volume of CO2 reductions are expected.Viewpoint 2: measures whose cost-effectiveness is large.Viewpoint 3: measures that may contribute to solving the area‘s current challenges in addition to global warming. (*1)Viewpoint 4: measures that may lead to sustainable development and increasing attractiveness. (*2)
(*1) The main current challenges are Re-development, Sprawl, Deterioration of the landscape and Energy supply.
(*2) The main attractiveness is Low carbon town, Resort beach, Tourism and Sustainable.
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(1-1) CASBEE (20Pt)
(1-2) E-Saving (14Pt)
(2-1) EV-bike (18Pt)
(2-2) BRT (18Pt)
(2-3) Subway (8Pt)
(3-1) ES-Facility (8Pt)
(3-2) Peak Power (7Pt)
(4-1) Heat Pump (10Pt)
(4-2) Waste Heat (8Pt)
(5-1) Bio-Generation (21Pt)(5-2) Garbage (15Pt)
(5-3) BDF (9Pt)
(6-1) Wind & Solor (10Pt)
(6-2) PSPS (0Pt)
(7-1) LED (15Pt)
(7-2) Multiple (7Pt)
(7-3) ITS (14Pt)
(7-4) Smart Mater (7Pt)
(8-1) Visible (9Pt)
(8-2) Citizens (12Pt)
(8-3) Planting Trees (16Pt)
(9-1) Water Supply (9Pt)
(9-2) Bio-gas (13Pt)
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
1 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 10,000,000
tCO
2/ye
ar
Initial Cost (1000USD)
(1-1) CASBEE (20Pt)
(1-2) E-Saving (14Pt)
(2-1) EV-bike (18Pt)
(2-2) BRT (18Pt)
(2-3) Subway (8Pt)
(3-1) ES-Facility (8Pt)
(3-2) Peak Power (7Pt)
(4-1) Heat Pump (10Pt)
(4-2) Waste Heat (8Pt)
(5-1) Bio-Generation (21Pt)
(5-2) Garbage (15Pt)
(5-3) BDF (9Pt)
(6-1) Wind & Solor (10Pt)
(6-2) PSPS (0Pt)
(7-1) LED (15Pt)
(7-2) Multiple (7Pt)
(7-3) ITS (14Pt)
(7-4) Smart Mater (7Pt)
(8-1) Visible (9Pt)
(8-2) Citizens (12Pt)
(8-3) Planting Trees (16Pt)
(9-1) Water Supply (9Pt)
(9-2) Bio-gas (13Pt)
Result of calculation
Implementation Board
Policy for Selecting Measures in This Project
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1. BuildingsIntroduction of a system of comprehensive environmental benchmarks that target buildings2. Transportation – MotorcycleFacilitation of the spread of electric motor-bikes and charging facilities3. Transportation – BRTIntroduction of a Bus Rapid Transit system4. Untapped Energy – Waste WaterPurification and power generation utilizing of biogas (digestive gas)5. Untapped Energy – Solid WasteBiomass generation from kitchen garbage6. ICT Control LED Optimum management and energy conservation of the street lights through LED lighting
16
1. Buildings
A
S
B-
B+
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0BEE
CO
2-Em
ission
Rat
e
Examples in J apanResults in DaNang
(Examples in J apan)線形
16
-Starting of the measure implementation in 2015-Target number of buildings at 50% of new construction buildings-Expected implementation rate at 50% of target number of buildings -Expected CO2 reduction ratio with 25% reduction for common building
A B+
B-
C
S
3.0 1.5 BEE=1.0
0.5
0
50
100
0 50 100L:Enviromental Load
Q:E
nvirom
enta
l Qua
lity
Modern
Vernacular
Sustainable
Eco-friendlyMost of the buildings resulted in B+(Good) ~ B-(Slightly poor) → Ranked in Modern
CO2 reduction is possible by increasing the buildings ranked in S: Eco-Friendly and Sustainable
Development of Assessment System/ Tool for Built Environmental Performance
Step 1
Step 2 Administrative procedure of Assessment system
Step 3 Action plan of environmental public building construction
Approx. 11,764 tCO2/year (6%)reduction from BAU
Results of the site survey in Da Nang City based on CASBEE* system
*CASBEE: Comprehensive Assessment System for Building Environmental Efficiency (JSBC in Japan)
Contents CASBEE system
Total CO2 Reduction Volume 11,764 tCO2/year
17
2. Transportation-Motorcycles
Share of means of transportation in Da Nang City in 2010 Share of means of transportation in Da Nang City in 2030
Shift to Electric MC
Shift to BRT
Policy1: Diffusion & Educational ActivitiesPolicy2: Preferential Treatment concerning Taxes & Subsidy for PurchasePolicy3: Parking Areas for Electric Motorcycles
Contents Shift to Electric Motorcycle Description
Total CO2 Reduction Volume 57,483 tCO2/year Shift from gasoline to Electric Motorcycle
18
3. Transportation-BRT
Contents Shift to BRT Description
Total CO2 Reduction Volume 28,515 tCO2/year Shift from car & motorcycle to BRT
19
4. Untapped Energy - Waste Water
Population = 370,142 (Ngu Hanh Son District (Y2030))
(A) Reduction of CO2 emissions when generate electricity using the methane recovery
(B) CO2 Reduction due to be recovered methane+
Contents (A) Generator (B) Digestion Tank
CH4 Volume 1,770.0tCH4/year
CO2 Conversion 37,170.0tCO2/year
Generation Volume 4,765,267.4kWh/year → /2,112kWh = 2,260 Household
CO2 Conversion 2,578.0tCO2/year
Total CO2 Reduction Volume 39,748 tCO2/year
20
5. Untapped Energy - Solid Waste
Population = 370,142 (Ngu Hanh Son District (Y2030))
CH4 CO2=
(A) Suppress the naturally occurring methane gas from the landfill
(B) To power generation and purified methane gas from garbage+
××Cut!Cut!
Contents (A) landfill (B) Generator
CH4 Volume 1,757.0 tGH4/year
CO2 Conversion 21,085.0 tCO2/year
Generation Volume 48,462.0 kWh/year → /2,112kWh = 23 Household
CO2 Conversion 8,783.0 tCO2/year
Total CO2 Reduction Volume 29,868 tCO2/year
21
6. ICT Control LED - Optimum Management and Energy Conservation of Street Lights
Center Server
Communication line
Smart Server
Power Line Communications(PLC)
Internet
Scheduling,Lighting controlFault monitoring
System Manager LED, HPS
Ballast
PLC Node
Reduce byLighting Control
Power Usage
PM 6:00 AM 6:00
Electricity chargesElectricity charges
Maintenance costs
Maintenance costs
Initial cost (lease)and
Operational cost
Cost Reduction
(A) Replacing the existing street lights to LED (B) Smart street lighting system
Contents CO2 Reduction
Total CO2 Reduction Volume 327 tCO2/year
22
1. The CO2 reductions by the six countermeasures when implemented will total 54.1kt-CO2 in 2020 and 167.7kt-CO2 in 2030.
2. The total amount of CO2 reductions (161kt-CO2) in 2030 consists of:
(1) 57.5kt by electric motorcycles (2) 39.7kt by CH4 use (wastewater)
(3) 29.9kt by CH4 use (solid waste) (4) 28.5kt by BRT
(5) 11.8kt by EES of buildings (6) 0.3kt by ICT Control - LED
Estimated CO2 reductions by the six countermeasures when implementedto Ngu Hanh Son District over the period of 2015 to 2030.
Unit: t-CO2Year
BS-Hemission
s
Reductions target
CO2 Reductions by 6 countermeasures
EES of buildings
Electric motor cycle
BRTWaste Water
Solid Waste
ICT Control
LEDTotal
% of BS-H Level
2010 95,722 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.00
2015 157,759 14,140 534 921 0 0 0 0 1,455 0.92
2020 282,795 28,280 2,672 8,880 6,354 25,869 10,265 57 54,097 19.13
2025 507,575 90,144 6,948 33,366 17,052 35,118 19,339 327 112,151 22.10
2030 760,044 152,009 11,764 57,483 28,515 39,722 29,868 327 167,680 22.06
230
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
LED
CH4 (solid waste)
CH4 (wastewater)
BRT
Electric motorcycle
EES of buildings
Forecasted emissions
t-CO2/year
Year
CO2 reductions by6 countermeasures
BAU emissions
Target
Target
1. In comparison with the proposed reductions targets in accordance with the National Green Growth Strategy (NGGS), the CO2 reductions expected will total:
■ 19.2% of the BAU scenario emissions in 2020 (Target: 10%)
■ 21.2% of the BAU scenario emissions in 2030 (Target: 20%)
The NGGS target (30% reductions) in 2030 consists of:
(A) 20% reductions by voluntary effort
(B) 10% reductions by international support
21.2%
+
Just over the target
[additional]
Roadmap for reducing CO2 by implementing the six countermeasuresto Ngu Hanh Son District towards 2030.
Thank you for your Attention
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