1 Review Why do all organisms need food Relate Cause and Effect Why do macromolecules

differ in the amount of energy they contain2 Apply Concepts How does the process of cellular

respiration maintain homeostasis at the cellular level Use Analogies How is the chemical energy in glucose

similar to money in a savings account

CH 9 CELLULAR RESPIRATION AND FERMENTATION

9.1 Cellular Respiration: An Overview

Chemical Energy and Food

Why do you need food It provides the chemical building blocks they need to

grow and reproduce It contains chemical energy that is released when its

chemical bonds are broken.

Calorie

Amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius

1000 calories = 1 kilocalorie, or Calorie.

Cellular Respiration

Series of chemical reactions that breaks down sugar and releases energy

Occurs in all living cells Opposite of photosynthesis Oxygen + Glucose Carbon dioxide + Water +

Energy 6 O2 + C6H12O6 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy.

Cellular Respiration

This occurs in animals AND plants This is the process that whenever your body needs

energy In addition to sugar, fats and proteins may also be

used.

Burn fuel Produce heat Produce H2O Produce CO2

Produce energy

SIMILAR DIFFERENT Cellular Respiration release

energy a little at a time Controlled

Stages of Cellular Respiration Glycolysis Krebs cycle Electron Transport

Chain (ETC).

Glycolysis Produces only a small

amount of energy Most energy (90%)

remains in the chemical bonds.

Krebs Cycle Produces only a small

amount of energy.

Electron Transport Chain (ETC) Produces the bulk of

the energy Uses oxygen.

Aerobic Require oxygen Krebb Cycle and ETC Occurs in the

mitochondria.

Anaerobic Does not need oxygen Glycolysis Occurs in cytoplasm.

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Opposite processes Photosynthesis

“deposits” energy Cellular respiration

“withdraws” energy.