1 Introduction to Human Computer Interaction What is Human Computer Interaction? "Human-computer...

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Introduction to Human Computer Interaction

What is Human Computer Interaction?

"Human-computer interaction is a discipline concerned with the design, evaluation and implementation of interactive computing systems for human use and with the study of major phenomena surrounding them." -- Association for Computing Machinery

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The interface between the application and the user

Know the goal of the user and how the application can assist in accomplishing that goal

Provide the necessary tools to the end user to accomplish their goal

Placement and usage of tools

Non-obtrusive tools

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“DESIGN: is a funny word. Some people think design means how it looks. But

of course, if you dig deeper, it’s really how it works. The design of the Mac

wasn’t what it looked like, although that was part of it. Primarily, it was how it

worked. To design something really well, you have to get it. You have to really

grok what it’s all about. It takes a passionate commitment to really thoroughly

understand something, chew it up, not just quickly swallow it. Most people

don’t take the time to do that. – Steve Jobs

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“DESIGN: This is what customers pay us for–to sweat all these details so it’s

easy and pleasant for them to use our computers. We’re supposed to be

really good at this. That doesn’t mean we don’t listen to customers, but it’s

hard for them to tell you what they want when they’ve never seen anything

remotely like it. Take desktop video editing. I never got one request from

someone who wanted to edit movies on his computer. Yet now that people

see it, they say, ‘Oh my God, that’s great!’” [Fortune, January 24 2000 – Steve

Jobs

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Testing to determine whether the interface design meets the needs of the user

Usability Testing

Determine problematic areas in the application

Iterative Design

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Specifying how the user interacts with the application

Diagrams, specification and simulations

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What is Human Computer Interaction? "Human-computer interaction is a discipline concerned with the

design, evaluation and implementation of interactive computing systems for human use and with the study of major phenomena surrounding them." -- Association for Computing Machinery

Knowledge and skill provided to the development team

• Visual Perception

• Information Processing

• Short Term Memory

• Decision Making

• Font Readability

• Information Overload

• Attention

• Audio Perception

• Motor Control

• Group Behavior

• Personality

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More simply:

• Appling the knowledge of human behavior and methods of

studying human behavior to the development of safe and usable

products, services and systems

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Some Webster Definitions:

• Computer - a programmable usually electronic device that can

store, retrieve and process data

• Application - a program (as a word processor or a spreadsheet)

that performs one of the major tasks for which a computer is used

• Technology - the practical application of knowledge especially in a

particular area The terms “computers” and “technology” are virtually

synonymous

• Computers support many technologies

– Obvious computer applications

» Word, Web Sites

– Non-obvious computer applications

» Automobiles

» Mobile Devices

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What is the Scope of the Course?

Learn to…

• Design

• Evaluate

• Specify

A range of applications

• PC Applications (e.g., word processing, web sites)

• Complex Applications (Power Plants)

• Dynamic Applications (Automobiles)

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“Computers are incredibly fast, accurate, and stupid. Human beings are incredibly slow, inaccurate, and brilliant. Together they are powerful beyond imagination.” -- Albert Einstein

What is he saying about technology today?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkpWCu1k0ZI

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vx35zMyFJ94

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• The Impact of HCI on People and the Society

• Education

• Transportation

• Exploration

• Business

• Health Care

• Gaming

• Communications

• The Arts

• Emergency Management and Response

• Telecommunications

• Finance

• Information and Entertainment

• Energy

• Social Networking

• Commerce

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Examples in Education

User Interface: PC applications, Cloud Apps, Netbooks

Goal: Education: papers, presentations, problem solving, creativity, internet

User: Students

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x9Hf9rgcT_4

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A word on the PC vs Mac

“I wish him the best, I really do. I just think he and Microsoft are a bit narrow. He’d be a broader guy if he had dropped acid once or gone off to an ashram when he was younger.” [Steve Jobs on Bill Gates, The New York Times, Jan. 12, 1997]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Id_kGL3M5Cg

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T74siGF8EMo&feature=related

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Examples in Transportation

User Interface: 747 Jet, MD-11

Goal: Transport people safely and efficiently

User: Airline pilotshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I4zSzPLnxi0&feature=related

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Examples in Space Exploration

User Interface: Space Shuttle

Original cockpit (left), astronauts obtained information from mechanical gauges and CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) displays.

Updated cockpit (right), gauges are replaced by liquid crystal displays (LCDs).

Because the displays are computer driven, they can have a wide range of graphics, colors, and text.


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Examples in Space Exploration – Glass Cockpit

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Examples in Space Exploration (Group Applications)

User Interface: Mission Control

Goal: Control a space mission

Users: Mission control engineers

http://video.search.yahoo.com/video/play;_ylt=A2KLqIWv5_lPZy0A25L7w8QF;_ylu=X3oDMTBrc3VyamVwBHNlYwNzcgRzbGsDdmlkBHZ0aWQD?p=youtube+challenger+disaster+investigation+o+ring&vid=72991BBBEC2FB1716EE972991BBBEC2FB1716EE9&l=2%3A23&turl=http%3A%2F%2Fts2.mm.bing.net%2Fvideos%2Fthumbnail.aspx%3Fq%3D4839196111405105%26id%3Dc0dec58d32d6916995927d68d5b32a93%26bid%3D6W5xsS%252fsuxuZcg%26bn%3DLargeThumb%26url%3Dhttp%253a%252f%252fwww.youtube.com%252fwatch%253fv%253dj4JOjcDFtBE&rurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dj4JOjcDFtBE&tit=Challenger+Disaster+Live+on+CNN&c=4&sigr=11aq4b308&

http://video.search.yahoo.com/video/play;_ylt=A2KLqIWv5_lPZy0A25L7w8QF;_ylu=X3oDMTBrc3VyamVwBHNlYwNzcgRzbGsDdmlkBHZ0aWQD?p=youtube+challenger+disaster+investigation+o+ring&vid=72991BBBEC2FB1716EE972991BBBEC2FB1716EE9&l=2%3A23&turl=http%3A%2F%2Fts2.mm.bing.net%2Fvideos%2Fthumbnail.aspx%3Fq%3D4839196111405105%26id%3Dc0dec58d32d6916995927d68d5b32a93%26bid%3D6W5xsS%252fsuxuZcg%26bn%3DLargeThumb%26url%3Dhttp%253a%252f%252fwww.youtube.com%252fwatch%253fv%253dj4JOjcDFtBE&rurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dj4JOjcDFtBE&tit=Challenger+Disaster+Live+on+CNN&c=4&sigr=11aq4b308&

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Examples in Business

User Interface: Compose Documents

Goal: Communicate via written document

User: Almost every PC user world wide

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Example: Business Office Automation

User Interface: Typing. Calculating, Telecommunications

Goal: Business communication, finance, typing bills and correspondence

User: Office workers

Transforming the Design of Organizations: The Office of the Past

• http://www.rhsmith.umd.edu/transformationage/downloads.html

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User Interface: Create Presentations

Goal: Communicate concepts

Users: Presenters

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• Education

• Transportation

• Exploration

• Business

• Health Care

• Gaming

• Communications

• The Arts



• Finance


• Energy


• Commerce

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Examples in Health Care

User Interface: Radiology Software

Goal: Diagnosis

User: Radiologists

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H-jmQ69n73s

http://cres.usc.edu/pubdb_html/files_upload/614.pdf

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Example: Health Care Financials

User Interface: Medical Scheduling Application

Goal: Obtain payments from an medical insurance company

User: Billing clerk

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Example: Health Care Clinical

User Interface: Patient Medical Record Application

Goal: Diagnosis and Treatment

User: Physician, PA, Nurse

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Examples in Gaming

User Interface: Gaming (Wii, Call of Duty Elite)

Goal: Entertainment

User: Those seeking to be entertained

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O3FwKMiWbX0

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Examples in Communication

User Interface: Email

Goal: Communicate to other individuals

User: Everyone

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Examples in the Arts

User Interface: Music Composition

Goal: Create music

User: Music Composers

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaQJ3r9gvkU

http://www.youtube.com/user/TheCreatorsProject?v=sZgUOiwOuC0

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Examples Emergency Management and Response

User Interface: Firefighting

Goal: Predict direction and intensity of fire/winds

User: Emergency Management Personnel

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ntda2lzwTvk

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Example: Telecommunications (Mobile)

User Interface: Mobile Devices

Goal: Communicate (talk, text), surf, purchase…

User: Everyone

Example: Anina – Mobile based business

• http://www.rhsmith.umd.edu/transformationage/downloads.html

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Example: Telecommunications

User Interface: Telecommunications Network

Goal: Route calls related to disaster situations

User: Telecommunication Manager

Change the phone numberWhere the call connects

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Example: Health Care

User Interface: Medical Scheduling Application

Goal: Schedule patients for appointments

User: Scheduling clerk

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• Education

• Transportation

• Exploration

• Business

• Health Care

• Gaming

• Communications

• The Arts



• Finance


• Energy


• Commerce

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Example: Finance

User Interface: Turbo Tax

Goal: File Federal, State and City Taxes

User: Accountant, taxpayers

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Example: Entertainment

User Interface: Browser Based Applications

Goal: Fulfill Personal Interests

User: Everyone

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Example: Entertainment

User Interface: Music

Goal: Purchase, download and listen

User: Everyone

“It will go down in history as a turning point for the music industry. This is landmark stuff. I can’t overestimate it!” [On the iTunes Music Store, Fortune, May 12, 2003 – Steve Jobs

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Example: Energy

User Interface: Nuclear Power Plant

Goal: Generate Electric

User: Plant Operators

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Example: Social Networking

User Interface: Facebook

Goal: Communication, sharing content

User: 80 million social net-workers

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Example: On-Line Commerce

User Interface: ebay

Goal: Buy and Sell

User: Buyers and Sellers

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Example: Cloud Based Computing - A platform that allows sharing of media across different devices

User Interface: Device independent

Goal: Manage my stuff

User: Public and Private

From Wikipedia

Revenue Forecast

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Example: Mobile Devices

User Interface: Mobile Devices

Goal: Near infinity (location, motion, context)

User: Gartner estimate of 1.2 billion smartphones

Consumers: Corporate apps

Latest Android OS Jellybean

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Android Profile

Rating of PG13

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nVLcujAj67g

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Siri

Apple TV set will be Siri controlled, launch 2013

Searches the Web and online services,

America’s tax dollars: originated as a program in the Pentagon’s Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency.

Example: TV

User Interface: No Remote: Voice Interaction


User: Gartner estimate of 1.2 billion smartphones

Consumers: Everyone

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"I'd like to create an integrated television set. It would be seamlessly synced with all of your devices and with iCloud... It will have the simplest user interface you could imagine. I finally cracked it. -- Steve Jobs


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Summary of Career

Other Inventions

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Human Error

• The Concordia - January 13th

• The captain deviated from his planned route & capsized the ship.

• 4,200 passengers and crew were on board

• Over 30 people killed

http://videos.howstuffworks.com/travel-channel/26090-great-cruises-radiance-of-the-seas-control-room-video.htm

Capt. Schettino could have initiated the cruise ships Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) “Distress Signals” which would have sent an automatic distress call

Costa Concordia not salvageable – accident expected to cost between $600-800 millionUSA Today - 1/16/2012 2:00 PM

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Example: Social Networking

User Interface: Mobile Devices, Tablets, PCs


User: Potentially Everyone

Social profile management products

• MySpace, Facebook, LinkedIn and Friendster Social collaboration

• Wikis, blogs, instant messaging, collaborative office, Social publishing - pooling individual content into a usable and community

accessible content repository such as YouTube and flickr.

Social feedback - gaining feedback and opinion from the community on specific items as witnessed on YouTube, flickr, Digg, Del.icio.us, and Amazon.

Gartner predicts that by 2016, social technologies will be integrated with most business applications.

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How did the field of HCI become an Interdisciplinary Science?

• Experimental Psychology

• Computer Science SIGCHI

• Job Opportunities in HCI

1 Introduction to Human Computer Interaction What is Human Computer Interaction? "Human-computer...

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