1 Economic Resources Experts: Economist Life Care Planners For links to cites herein, see .
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Transcript of 1 Economic Resources Experts: Economist Life Care Planners For links to cites herein, see .
1
Economic Resources
Experts: Economist Life Care Planners
For links to cites herein, see
www.howardnations.com/lawlinks/economic-resources.html
2
Economic Resources
Bureau of Economic Analysis Personal consumption exp.
Fedstats.gov Stats.bls.gov
Personal Consumption
3
Economic Resources
Economic Report of the President Dept of Commerce
Statistical Abstract of the United States
Guide to Sources
4
Problem Areas
Damage to Wage Earning Capacity
Life Expectancy Tables Work Life Expectancy
Tables
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Problem Areas
L/E affected by:Mental RetardationPoor Trunk and Head ControlVentilatorG tubeTracheotomy
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Problem Areas
Economic analysis: Death Cases
Only difference is to take out personal consumption.
Use Consumer Expectancy Study
Measure of Damages is Contributions.
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Problem Areas
Burn Victims Infant2yrs medicalFuture economic damages: Increase Vocational Rehab Increase Education Increase Counseling Services
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Problem Areas
Burn Victim74 year life expectancyDisfigurementDisability $250,000Physical Pain Mental Anguish .58 cents per hour
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The following Relative Impact Analysis is the work product of the outstanding Texas business and economic consultant:
Everett Dillman. Ph.D., Dillman & Associates 306 Thunderbird Drive El Paso, TX. 79912 915 584-1124
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Relative Impact Analysis
Net Worth Analysis for
American Home Products, Inc.
As of December 31, 2000
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Measures of a American Home Products, Inc.’s “ability to pay”
Net Worth
Cash and equivalents
Current Assets
Cash Flow
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Net Worth is the measure of the financial strength of the entity. It is measured by the difference between everything the entity owns (i.e. assets) and everything it owes (i.e. liabilities).
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For a corporation the net worth is shown on the balance sheet as stockholder’s equity.
Adjustments may have to be made to the balance sheet items, however, to reflect owner interest which show up as liabilities (i.e. loans from stockholders).
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Net worth, as reflected on the balance sheet of a corporation tends to understate the true financial strength of the American Home Products, Inc. for a number of reasons.
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1. The assets of the American Home Products, Inc. are usually carried on the books at acquisition cost (less depreciation) and thus are often undervalued. On the other hand, liabilities are usually valued at what is actually owed.
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2. The true financial strength and value of the American Home Products, Inc. is based on the American Home Products, Inc.’s earning potential. This is reflected in the price of the American Home Products, Inc.’s stock times the number of shares outstanding and is called MARKET CAPITALIZATION.
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Cash and equivalents represent liquid monies.
Current assets represent cash or balance sheet items which can be expected to be turned into cash within one year.
Cash flow represents income after taxes plus the non- cash expense items of depreciation, depletion and amortization.
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The net worth, and other measures of the financial strength of a corporation can be quite large. The magnitude of very large numbers, sometimes into the billions of dollars, may be difficult to grasp.
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For instance, the American Home Products had a net worth of
$2,818,093,000
at the end of 2000.
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The magnitude of a large net worth may be shown using relative impact analysis and/or graphic techniques.
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A graphic portrayal of net worth may be made by constructing a grid where each square is equal to $1,000,000 of net worth.
The net worth of the American Home Products, Inc. is $2,818,093,000.
The resulting grid is shown on the next slide.
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A graphic portrayal of net worth may be made by constructing a grid where each square is equal to
$1,000,000
of net worth.
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Each square =
$1,000,000
of Net Worth
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The relative impact analysis is nothing more than a standard type of financial evaluation known as
COMMON SIZE STATEMENT ANALYSIS.
Common size statement analysis allows one to compare relevant financial variables between entities of different sizes. Meaningful analysis is accomplished through ratios, which may be thought of as analogies.
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“…if Mr. Gates pays the same percentage of his net worth to take his spouse to a movie as the average person does, it would cost him almost $19 million. Analogies also help people grasp other unimaginable large numbers.”
Analogies have been used in the general and professional literature to illustrate the magnitude of large numbers.
Wall Street Journal, Tuesday, August 22, 2000.
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The evaluation may also use a relative impact analysis.
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Relative Impact Analysis:
A comparison of how large a penalty would have to be to have comparable financial effects on the average U.S. household and the defendant may be made using the common size statement technique. This is called a relative impact analysis.
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The relative impact analysis does not purport to suggest that punitive damages should be awarded. Nor does the technique try to suggest any specific amount should the trier of fact decide that such damages are warranted.
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Data as to the median household net worth has been estimated by the Federal Reserve.
In 1998 median household net worth = $71,600.
In 2000 I estimate median household net worth to be approximately $79,760.
Federal Reserve Bulletin, January 2000.
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Relative Impact Analysis
Household American Home Products .
$2 $ 70,664
$100 $ 3,533,216
$1,000 $35,332,159
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Other measures of financial strength and “ability to pay” may be examined by looking at the relationship of the measure to a hypothetical penalty of
$1,000,000.
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For instance in the case of the American Home Products, Inc. a penalty of $1,000,000 would represent:
0.04% of cash and equivalents.
0.01% of current assets
0.04% of stockholder’s equity
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Collateral Sources to Consider
Personal Injury Protection Medical Payments: Auto Un/Underinsured Motorist Group/Personal Med Pay Workers’ Compensation
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Collateral Sources to Consider
Personal Injury Protection Medical Payments: Auto Un/Underinsured Motorist Group/Personal Med Pay Workers’ Compensation
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Collateral Sources to Consider
Medicare/Medicaid V.A. Hospital Liens Social Security Benefits Disability Benefits Employment Benefits
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Recoverable Elements of Damages
Physical Pain & Suffering Mental Anguish Physical Disfigurement Physical Impairment (Disability) Bystander Mental Anguish
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Recoverable Elements of Damages
Loss of Society & Companionship Loss of Consortium Loss of Household Services Value of Nursing Services Loss of Filial Relationship
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Recoverable Elements of Damages
Loss of Earning Capacity Medical Expenses Funeral Expenses Personal Property Damage Cost of Vehicle Repairs Rental Car
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Recoverable Elements of Damages
Pre-impact Terror Loss of Chance of Survival Attorney’s Fees Statutory damages Statutory Penalties
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Recoverable Elements of Damages
D.P.T.A. Violation Contractual Damages Bad Faith Damages Prejudgment Interest Punitive Damages
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Segmental Approach to Proof of Damages
Pre-impact Terror Instant of Impact – Occurrence Post impact – Unassisted Period of Peril During Rescue
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Segmental Approach to Proof of Damages
At the scene – First Aid At the scene – Professional Aid During Transportation Emergency Room Care Time to First Relief
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Segmental Approach to Proof of Damages
Differential Diagnosis Major v. Minor Injuries Therapy – Treatment Between Treatments – M/A
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Segmental Approach to Proof of Damages
Patient Decision – Making Informed Consent Pre-operative Testing Surgery – Local Post Operative Recovery
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Segmental Approach to Proof of Damages
Rehab – Physical Therapy Rehab – Vocational Return Home – Duties Recreation – Physical Disability Return To Workplace Future Damages