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Biology 102

Lab 11 Human/Cat Digestive System

Gross/Microscopic Anatomy

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Objectives for Today

• Identify the structures of the digestive system that are listed in your Laboratory Guide, given either a model or photograph of a model

• Be able to sketch the hepatobiliary system (Liver, Bile ducts, and Gall bladder) and surrounding organs, labeling all relevant structures. (You will hand your sketch in as your lab report.)

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Major Organs of Digestive SystemFigure from: Saladin, Anatomy & Physiology, McGraw Hill, 2007

Organs can be divided into the:

-Digestive tract (alimentary canal); tube extending from mouth to anus (about 30 ft.)

-Accessory organs; teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas

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The Greater and Lesser Omenta

Figure from: Saladin, Anatomy & Physiology, McGraw Hill, 2007

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Palate and Pharynx• roof of oral cavity

(adenoids)

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Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

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Salivary Glands

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Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

Figure from: Saladin, Anatomy & Physiology, McGraw Hill, 2007

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Esophagus

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Esophagus lies behind the tracheaFigure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

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Position of Spleen

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Stomach

Greater curvature

Pyloric sphincter = pylorus

Cardiac sphincter

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Pyloric antrum

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Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

Simple columnar epthelium Gastric pits

Gastric glands in lamina propria

Parietal cells

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Pancreas

- Main duct*Accessory duct *

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Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

Acinar tissue

Ducts

Pancreatic islets

Duct

Acinar tissue

Pancreatic islet

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Liver (Hepato-)

Figure from: Martini, Anatomy & Physiology, Pearson Education, 2004

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Liver

lobule

Liver sinusoids

Central

vein

Central vein

Hepatocytes

Sinusoids

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Hepatobiliary System

You will be sketching this today for your lab report.

Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

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Three Parts of Small Intestine

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Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

Muscularis mucosae

Intestinal crypts

Duodenal glands

Serosa

Mucosa

Submucosa

Muscularis externa

Vill

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Muscularis mucosae

Intestinal crypts

Circular muscle of muscularis externa

Duodenal glands

Villi

Submucosa

Simple columnar epithelium

Longitudinal muscle of muscularis externa

Serosa

Myenteric nerve plexus

Longitudinal muscle

Circular muscle

Circular muscle

Myenteric nerve plexus

Longitudinal muscle

Simple columnar epithelium

Microvilli

Villus

Lamina propria of villus

Nuclei

Nuclei

Goblet cell

Simple columnar epithelium

Basement membrane

Plica circulares Submuco

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Muscularis externa

Submucosa of plica circulares

Peyer’s patches

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Large Intestine

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Submucosa

Mucosa

Serosa

Teniae coli

Circular muscle of muscularis externa

Intestinal

crypts

Goblet cells

Muscularis mucosae

Submucos

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Simple columnar epithelium

Submandibular gland

Parotid gland

Esophagus

Urethra

Greater omentum

Liver

Respiratory diaphragm

Gallbladder

Stomach

Spleen

Urinary bladder

Urinary bladder

Small intestine

Spleen

Stomach

Liver

Lesser omentum

Greater omentum

Adipose tissue

Stomach

Spleen

Left lateral lobe

Left medial lobe

Diaphragm

Heart

Falciform ligament

Gallbladder

Right medial lobe

Right lateral lobe

Caudate lobe

Pancreas

Hepatic ducts

Duodenum

Stomach

Bile duct

Liver

Gallbladder

Cystic duct

Small intestine

Cecum

Duodenum

Pancreas

Mesentery

Large intestine

Kidney

Pancreas

Greater omentum

Cecum

Small intestine

Urinary bladder

Uterus

Ileum

Mesentery

Greater omentum

Spleen

Ascending colon

Stomach

Lesser omentum

Left lobes of liver

Falciform ligament

Gallbladder

Right lobes of liver

Duodenum

Pancreas

Ileocecal junction

Cecum

Jejunum

Small intestine

Urinary bladder

Urethra Descending colon

Kidney

Respiratory diaphrag

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Liver

StomachPancrea

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Spleen

Intestines

Pancreas

Adrenal gland

Left kidney

Small Intestine

Stomach

Liver

Diaphragm

Rugae

Pancreas

Mesentery

Lymph nodes

Small intestine

Colon

Spleen

Small intestine

Cecum

Ileocecal valve

Ileum

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What You Should Do in Lab Today…• Locate the structures listed in your

Laboratory Guide using– Individual models of organs– Torso models– Cats

• Sketch the hepatobiliary system as outlined on the sheet handed out today and hand that in before leaving today.

• Look at the Respiratory System Structures in the cat if you haven’t done so already.

For next lab…

• Digestive System Enzyme experiment– Please read the protocol for this experiment

online.– We will be examining the factors influencing

the digestive enzymes we discussed in lecture

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