0885 Up-Scaling SRI in Uttarkhand: PSI's Experiences

Sir Dorabji Tata Trust

UPSCALING SRI IN UPSCALING SRI IN UTTARAKHANDUTTARAKHAND - PSI’s Experiences -- PSI’s Experiences -

State Level Workshop on ‘Promoting SRI Paddy Cultivation for Achieving Food Security in Uttarakhand’


Uttarakhand: Trends in Rice ProductionUttarakhand: Trends in Rice Production

Total Geographical Area (lakh ha)

Total Population

(lakh)

Average Rainfall

(mm)

Net Sown Area

(lakh ha)

Irrigated Area (as % of Net Sown Area)

Area under Paddy

(lakh ha)

Total Rice Production

(lakh tonnes)

Average Yield of

Paddy (t/ha)

53.49 85 1547 5.78 19 2.73 5.33 2.96


Source: Department of Agriculture, Uttarakhand, 2007


SRI – A Boon for Mountain SRI – A Boon for Mountain FarmersFarmers

• 88% of farmers are small and marginal farmers with less than 0.4 ha (1 acre) per family.

• Rice is the staple food of the populace.

• Higher stalk volume means more fodder for the cattle.

• More farmyard manure and possibly increased milk yields can result.

POTENTIAL TO ADDRESS THE FOOD POTENTIAL TO ADDRESS THE FOOD SECURITY AND LIVELIHOOD NEEDS SECURITY AND LIVELIHOOD NEEDS

OF SMALL AND MARGINAL FARMERSOF SMALL AND MARGINAL FARMERS



The Beginning (2006 & 2007)The Beginning (2006 & 2007)


• Awareness-building

• Trials and demonstrations

• Farmers’ mobilisation

• Training and field support

• Sharing of outcomes

Particulars 2006 2007

Conven-tional SRI

Conven-tional SRI

No. of Farmers (Villages)

22 (13) 399 (85)

Area (ha) - 0.48 11.00

Average Grain Yield (Q/ha)

31 55 28 55

Average Straw Yield (Q/ha)

60 75 55 75

While non-SRI yields stood close to While non-SRI yields stood close to 30 quintals per ha, the SRI yields 30 quintals per ha, the SRI yields were around 55 quintals per ha were around 55 quintals per ha (average increase of 83%). (average increase of 83%).


ObjectivesObjectives -

• Undertake capacity-building of farmers to adopt the SRI technique for paddy cultivation.

• Build the capacities of voluntary organizations by creating a talent pool of master trainers for promoting SRI.

• Help formulate state agricultural policy for promoting the extension of the SRI technique.

GoalGoal - To enable mountain farmers of Uttarakhand to enhance their ood and livelihood security through adoption of the SRI technique

Moving Forward (2008)Moving Forward (2008)



Strategy for UpscalingStrategy for Upscaling


Selection of Basins and Partner Organizations (POs)

Selection of villages and farmers

Capacity-building of master trainers, farmers & extension personnel

Information dissemination through print and electronic media

Research on other crops and equipments

Networking

Programme Monitoring

Policy Advocacy


Training of Master TrainersTraining of Master Trainers


Classroom SessionsClassroom Sessions

Practical ExercisesPractical Exercises


Capacity-Building of FarmersCapacity-Building of Farmers

• 268 Orientation Workshops, focusing on

Procedures of SRI

Demonstrations of equipment use

Dos and Don’ts

• Field support and trouble-shooting



Field Support ActivitiesField Support Activities

Nursery Raising Mulching

Land Preparation Transplanting



Capacity-Building of Extension Capacity-Building of Extension PersonnelPersonnel

Classroom Session Field Training

• Orientation workshops for Chief Agriculture Officers at district level

• Training programmes for Agricultural Development Officers at block level

• Exposure visits of In-Charge Officers and trainers from KVKs.



Preparation of Communication Preparation of Communication MaterialsMaterials & Information & Information

DisseminationDissemination• Advertisements in popular dailies and

advertisement spots on ETV channel.• User-friendly manual on SRI (in

Hindi).• Film on SRI (in Hindi).



Programme Coverage (2008)Programme Coverage (2008)


Districts covered

Blocks covered

Number of villages covered

Farmers trained

SRI farmers Area under SRI (ha)

13/13 27/95 358/15,761 11,377 8,996 (21% SC)

181.14


Exposure Visits of FarmersExposure Visits of Farmers



Experience-Sharing WorkshopsExperience-Sharing Workshops

13 Workshops conducted, one each at the district level

Non-SRI Farmers

NGO Personnel

Agriculture Dept. & KVK

Others Total

661 97 54 91 903



Crop-Cutting Results of 2008Crop-Cutting Results of 2008

S. No.

Particulars Conventional SRI

1 No. of farmers (villages) 8,996 (358 villages)2 Area (ha) - 181.143 Average no. of total tillers/plant 8 214 Average no. of productive tillers/plant 7 185 Average plant height (cm) 99 1226 Average panicle length (cm) 18 237 Average no. of grains/panicle 95 1758 Grain yield (Q/ha) 34 569 Straw yield (Q/ha) 122 172

While non-SRI yields stood close to 3.4 tons per ha, the SRI yieldsWhile non-SRI yields stood close to 3.4 tons per ha, the SRI yieldswere around 5.6 tons per ha, an average increase of 65% were around 5.6 tons per ha, an average increase of 65%



ResearchResearch• Comparative study of inputs and

benefits.

• Trials on other crops like wheat, mandwa (finger millet) and rajma.

• Design and fabrication of equipment like marker, weeder and seed drill.



Research on Other CropsResearch on Other CropsCrop/ Year

No. of Farmer

s

Area (ha)

Grain Yield (Q/ha)

%Incr.

2006 Conv. SRI

Rajma 5 0.4 14 20 43

Mandwa 5 0.4 18 24 33

Wheat Resear-ch Farm

5.0 16 22 38

2007

Rajma 113 2.26 18 30 67

Mandwa 43 0.8 15 24 60

Wheat (I) 36 0.26 21 43 105

Wheat (UI)

16 0.06 15 24 60

Rajma Crop

Manduwa



Method Conventional SCI

Total expen-diture (Rs./ha)

Gross income

(Rs./ha)

Net profit (Rs./ha)

C-B ratio

Total expen-diture (Rs./ha)

Gross income

(Rs./ha)

Net profit (Rs./ha)

C-B ratio

Transplanting (local paddy)

26,250 34,700 8,450 1:1.3 23,750 56,125 32,375 1:2.4

Transplanting (paddy Basmati Type-3)

28,000 63,125 35,125

1:2.3 25,500 96,875 71,375 1:3.8

Direct-seed sowing (wheat)

22,720 30,600 7,880 1:1.3 25,850 51,600 25,750 1:2.0

Cost-benefit analysis for SCI and Cost-benefit analysis for SCI and conventional method of paddy and conventional method of paddy and

wheat cultivationwheat cultivation

Organic Basmati Type 3 variety is most profitable for mountain regions at altitude below 1500m.



Lessons & recommendations for SRI Lessons & recommendations for SRI paddy for mountainous regionspaddy for mountainous regions

Seed-Sowing Time for Nursery (i) High altitude (>1500m) : 1-7 June

(ii) Medium altitude (1000-1500m): 10-20 June

(iii) Low altitude (<1000m) : 25 June-5 July

Transplanting Time (i) 10-15 days: 70-75 Q/Ha

(ii) 16-23 days: 55-60 Q/Ha

(iii) > 23 days : 40-45 Q/Ha

Weeding (i) Three times: 70-75Q/Ha

(ii) Two times: 60-65 Q/Ha

(iii) One time: 50-55 Q/Ha



Institutional NetworkingInstitutional Networking


• Vivekanand Parvatiya Krishi Anushandhan Sansthan (VPKAS), Almora, Uttarakhand

• Gobind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology (GBPUAT), Pantnagar, Uttarakhand

• Rice and Wheat Research Centre (RWRC), Malan, HP

• CSKHP Agriculture University, Palampur, Kangra, HP.


Programme MonitoringProgramme Monitoring


• State-level panel (PMC) of experienced persons constituted, including experts, govt. officials, scientists, etc.

• PMC reviews the programme through field visits as well as hold meetings with

the programme staff.

• Programme feedback provided to top government officials, like Chief Secretary, Agriculture Secretary, Rural Development Commissioner, and Agriculture Directorate.


Policy AdvocacyPolicy Advocacy• Linkage with Agriculture Department: Support for capacity-

building, subsidy for equipment and manure.

• Convergence with other programmes: Ajeevika Programme, Uttarakhand Decentralised Watershed Development Programme, ATMA, BRGF.

• Linkage with other Institutes: Research institutions, Agricultural Universities, KVKs, Uttarakhand Organic Commodity Board, etc.

• Media Advocacy: Popularisation of SRI through newsletters, local newspapers, magazines, national journals, radio, TV, etc.

• State-level Workshop: Formulation of state level policy through discussions with senior state level officials and policy makers.



SRI: Farmers’ Perceived Benefits & SRI: Farmers’ Perceived Benefits & ConstraintsConstraints

A. BENEFITS• Less seed requirement

• Saving in water

• Decreased workload

• Less disease occurrence

• Less lodging

• Early maturity

• High grain yields

• High grain quality

• Increased biomass

• Improves soil fertility

B. CONSTRAINTS• Time-bound operations

• Labour-intensive, in the beginning

• Limited availability of quality weeders and markers

• Inadequate compost material

• More effort required in operating Mandava weeder for small terraces and clay soil

• Rainfall aberrations & unreliability

• Lack of timely training & field support

• Difficulty in changing mindset



Areas of ImprovementAreas of Improvement

• Networking among stakeholders (farmers, CSOs, government, research institutions, agriculture universities, media, etc.).

• Policy framework (incentives, assured irrigation, outlets for equipments, market, etc.).


• Improvements in package of practice (water, nutrient, and labour management, cost effective equipment, etc.).

• Capacity building strategy (village level resource persons and regular quality training).

• Research (other crops, disease resistant and

tillering varieties, equipments, etc.).

Farmers should be provided flexibility for adoption of different principles under SRI


Thank YouThank You252, Vasant Vihar, Phase I252, Vasant Vihar, Phase I

Dehra Doon - 248 006Dehra Doon - 248 006

UttarakhandUttarakhand

INDIAINDIA

WebWeb : www.peoplesscienceinstitute.com : www.peoplesscienceinstitute.com

Mail Mail : [email protected]: [email protected]

PhonePhone : +91 135 2763649, 2773849: +91 135 2763649, 2773849

Fax Fax : +91 135 2763186: +91 135 2763186



Issues for DiscussionsIssues for Discussions

• Setting up of goals for upscaling SRI (Area/households).

• Incentives to farmers (Equipment, manure, biofertilizers

and biopesticides).

• Outlets for improved equipments.

• Research for improvement in package of practices.

• Strategy for Upscaling

• Policy Advocacy


Proposed Programme Coverage Proposed Programme Coverage

S.No.

Districts Name of POs Name of Block No. of Villages

Farmers(Area Ha)

1 Nainital UGSS, CHIRAG Haldwani, Nathuakhan 6 240 (5)

2 U.S. Nagar SIMAR, KAGAS Rudrapur, Khatima 13 250 (5)

3 Bageshwar PVSS, HT, HWS, KSS Garud, Kapkot 38 1120 (22)

4 Almora MH, SUDHA Takula 23 400 (8)

5 Pithoragarh CHIRAG, SWATI, KAGAS Beriang, Kanalichina, Monakat 25 890 (18)

6 Champawat GRASS Lohaghat 2 100 (2)

Kumaon 12 11 107 3000 (60)

7 T. Garhwal GVK, HIFEED, KVS, MVDA, JVS

Bhilangana, Tahtiyur, Chamba, Kirtinagar

118 3200 (64)

8 Pauri Garhwal

HIRA, SRT Yamkeshwar, Duggada, Richnikhal

6 300 (6)

9 Dehra Doon GVS, SMTA Sahaspur, Vikasnanagr, Chakrata

3 200 (4)

10 Haridwar HIRA Bhadrabad 8 200 (4)

11 Rudraprayag PANVAS, GMVS, CDI, PREDS

Agustmoni, Jakholi 68 1680 (34)

12 Chamoli GMVS, UYRDC Narayanbagar, Karnaprayag 17 510 (10)

13 Uttarkashi SARDHA, HPJAS, TPVS Mori, Purola, Dunda 31 910 (18)

Garhwal 18 18 251 7000 (140)

TOTAL 30 29 358 10000(200)


Expected OutcomesExpected Outcomes

Adoption of the SRI method of paddy cultivation by 8,000 farmers in Uttarakhand.

At least 200 ha to be brought under SRI in about 350 villages.

Creation of a talent pool of 50 master trainers from among 30 VOs and progressive farmers who will further promote SRI in future years.

Increased production of organic paddy with an average grain yield of 5.5 T/ha against the present yields of around 3T/ha.


Programme Budget Programme Budget

Total Estimated Cost = Rs. 95.38 lakhs

Contribution from SDTT, Mumbai = Rs. 43.25 lakhs (45%)

PSI & POs = Rs. 4.77 lakhs (05%)

Contribution from Farmers = Rs. 17.37 lakhs (18%)

Agriculture Directorate, Uttarakhand = Rs. 29.99 lakhs (32%)

Investment on training < Rs. 1000/farmer Investment by SDTT & Agriculture Directorate = Rs. 732/farmerExpected average grain yield of paddy = 5.5 T/ha Present paddy yield = 3T/ha. Additional production of paddy = 2.5 T/ha.

If a farmer adopts SRI in at least 0.04 ha (2 nali) of farmland, it would result in an additional grain production of 100kg, worth Rs. 800 (which is more than the SDTT + Directorate’s component of investment on one farmer).


Orientation Workshops Conducted Orientation Workshops Conducted

S.No.

Districts Name of POs Name of Block No. of Workshops

Farmers Trained

1 Nainital UGSS, HIMANI Haldwani, Nathuakhan 10 352

2 U.S. Nagar SIMAR Rudrapur, Khatima 2 115

3 Bageshwar PVSS, HT, HWS, KSS, CHIRAG

Garud, Kapkot 42 1723

4 Almora MH, SUDHA Takula 10 425

5 Pithoragarh SWATI, KAGAS Beriang, Kanalichina, Munakot 27 1049

6 Champawat GRASS Lohaghat 4 140

Kumaon 13 11 95 3804

7 T. Garhwal GVK, HIFEED, CVS, MVDA, JVS

Bhilangana, Thatyur, Chamba, Kirtinagar

80 3842

8 Pauri Garhwal HIRA, BVSS Yamkeshwar, Nainidanda, Richnikhal

5 267

9 Dehra Doon GVS Sahaspur 3 142

10 Haridwar HIRA Bhadrabad 4 235

11 Rudraprayag PANVAS, CDI, PREDS, GRASS

Agustmoni, Jakholi 37 1405

12 Chamoli GMVS, UYRDC Narayanbagar, Karnprayag 18 704

13 Uttarkashi SARDHA, HPJAS, TPVS Muri, Purola, Dunda 26 978

Garhwal 17 16 173 7573

TOTAL 30 27 268 11377


Adoption Rate of SRIAdoption Rate of SRI

S.No.

Districts Farmers Trained

Farmers who adopted SRI

Adoption Rate (%)

Area under SRI(Ha)

1 Nainital 352 385 109 7.70

2 U.S. Nagar 115 54 47 1.08

3 Bageshwar 1723 1401 81 28.02

4 Almora 425 302 71 6.04

5 Pithoragarh 1049 989 94 19.78

6 Champawat 140 32 23 0.64

Kumaon 3804 3163 83 63.26

7 T. Garhwal 3842 3248 85 66.18

8 Pauri Garhwal 267 218 82 4.56

9 Dehra Doon 142 30 21 0.60

10 Haridwar 235 220 94 4.20

11 Rudraprayag 1405 1289 92 25.78

12 Chamoli 704 191 27 3.82

13 Uttarkashi 978 637 65 12.74

Garhwal 7573 5833 77 117.88

TOTAL 11,377 8,996 79 181.14


Districts No. of tillers/plant (Avg.)

AveragePlant Height(cm.)

Average Paniclelength (cm)

Average no. of grains/panicle

Average grain yield

(Q/Ha)

Average straw yield

(Q/Ha)

Con. SRI Con. SRI Con. SRI Con. SRI Con. SRI Con.

SRI

Nainital 8 27 114 123 23 24 144 154 25 41 90 200U.S. Nagar 8 26 89 108 23 26 126 171 65 90 144 176Bageshwar 7 14 98 133 13 21 65 194 38 71 273 400

Almora 6 16 68 110 20 23 68 110 36 73 176 200Pithoragar

h17 42 76 108 15 20 87 148 38 67 130 150

Champawat

5 12 101 135 16 22 69 192 36 63 126 194

Kumaon 9 23 91 120 18 23 93 162 40 68 157 220T.

Garhwal5 9 143 170 18 21 132 237 46 72 300 400

P. Garhwal 4 21 62 94 14 20 92 175 23 43 55 72Dehra Doon

5 12 137 146 18 25 118 288 38 100 100 300

Haridwar 9 28 98 109 23 27 130 166 37 65 135 195R. Prayag 7 16 128 160 16 20 55 140 42 80 100 120Chamoli 8 21 76 95 19 24 95 177 51 75 210 260

Uttarkashi 6 23 92 100 16 25 54 124 40 68 100 160Garhwal 6 19 105 125 18 23 97 187 40 72 143 215

Crop Cutting Results of 2008Crop Cutting Results of 2008

Average Increase in (i) Grain Yield – 76 %, (ii) Straw Yield – 46 %

0885 Up-Scaling SRI in Uttarkhand: PSI's Experiences

Technology

Transcript of 0885 Up-Scaling SRI in Uttarkhand: PSI's Experiences