7/27/2019 04_Experience with using Alab for small hydro (ivind Antonsen)

1/17

www.hydroenergi.no

Alab and small scale power plants

yvind Antonsen

September 2010

7/27/2019 04_Experience with using Alab for small hydro (ivind Antonsen)

2/17

HYDROENERGI in brief

{ Turbines and complete electro-mechanical systems for hydroelectricpower plants.

{ Tailor-made solutions ensuring thehighest efficiencies and best overallresults for the clients.

{ Deliveries range is from individual turbinecomponents to full turnkey electro-mechanical power plant outfitting, withelectrical and control systems, and includinginstallation and start-up services.

electrical and automation syst

penstocks and intake structures

installation and commissioning

upgrading and refurbishment

hydraulic systems

valves and piping

generators

transformers

7/27/2019 04_Experience with using Alab for small hydro (ivind Antonsen)

3/17

HYDROENERGI turbines

{ Hydroenergis main product is design and construction of turbines of wellproven technology and high efficiencies based on model tests and proto-types in operation.

{

Francis turbines Medium heads, 30 400 meters Medium flow, 1 20 m3/s

Vertical and horizontal axis

{ Pelton turbines

High heads, 100 600 meters Low flow, 0,5 5 m3/s

Vertical with embedded distr.pipe

{ Kaplan turbines Low heads, 3 50 meters

High flow, 5 50 m3/s

Vertical with concrete or steel spiral

{ Axial flow turbines Bulb and propeller type turbines

Open pit turbines Bevel gear type turbines

S and Z type turbines

7/27/2019 04_Experience with using Alab for small hydro (ivind Antonsen)

4/17

HYDROENERGI turbine application areas

PELTON

FRANCIS

KAPLAN

Approximate for illustrationpurpose only

7/27/2019 04_Experience with using Alab for small hydro (ivind Antonsen)

5/17

Alab for small hydro

7/27/2019 04_Experience with using Alab for small hydro (ivind Antonsen)

6/17

Small hydro market

{ Large market large number of inquiries

z Efficient work progress

{ Generator one of the main components

z Response time from sub-supplier

z Runaway speed

z Axial forces

z Depended of turbine choice

Price and delivery time

7/27/2019 04_Experience with using Alab for small hydro (ivind Antonsen)

7/17

Turbine choice - alternatives

{ Turbine choice

z Type

z Number{ 1 large

{ 2 small

{small and large

z Weighted efficiency

z Production calculation

z Runaway speed

7/27/2019 04_Experience with using Alab for small hydro (ivind Antonsen)

8/17

Alab - benefits

Production calculation

Turbine choice

Runaway speed

Generator inquiry

Water hammer

Pressure rating

7/27/2019 04_Experience with using Alab for small hydro (ivind Antonsen)

9/17

Example

{ Hn = 145 m

{ Q mean = 1,87 m3/s

{ Q max = 3,28 m3/s

{ Min. by-pass flow:

z 50 l/s (winter) and 250 l/s (summer)

7/27/2019 04_Experience with using Alab for small hydro (ivind Antonsen)

10/17

Example contd

{ Options:

{ 1 Francis 3,28 m3/s

{ 2 Francis 1,70 m3/s

{ 1 Francis 1,5 m3/s + 1 Francis 2,5 m3/s

{ 1 Francis 2,5 m3/s + 1 Pelton 1,0 m3/S

7/27/2019 04_Experience with using Alab for small hydro (ivind Antonsen)

11/17

Example contd

{ Production calculation

{ Production difference vs. price difference

{ Final choice

{ Runaway speed and water hammer calculation

7/27/2019 04_Experience with using Alab for small hydro (ivind Antonsen)

12/17

Example contd

{ Options:

{ 1 Francis 3,28 m3/s

{ 2 Francis 1,70 m3/s

{ 1 Francis 1,5 m3/s + 1 Francis 2,5 m3/s

{ 1 Francis 2,5 m3/s + 1 Pelton 1,0 m3/S

13,8 GWh

16,1 GWh

16,6 GWh

17,0 GWh

7/27/2019 04_Experience with using Alab for small hydro (ivind Antonsen)

13/17

Runaway / water hammer

7/27/2019 04_Experience with using Alab for small hydro (ivind Antonsen)

14/17

0 10 20 30 40 50 600

30

60

90

120

150

180

210

240

270

300

Tid [s]

Trykk[mV

s]

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

Turtall[

rpm

]

Kvassteinga Liten turbin 2

Trykk

Turtall

maks. trykk = 207 mVs

maks. turtall = 1813 rpm

Runaway / water hammer

+

MatLab

7/27/2019 04_Experience with using Alab for small hydro (ivind Antonsen)

15/17

Alab vs. manual work

{ Production calculation possible with spreadsheet.More accurate efficiency, but also laborious.

0.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

70.00

80.00

90.00

100.00

0.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

70.00

80.00

90.00

100.00

100 %90 %80 %70 %60 %50 %40 %30 %20 %10 %0 %

flow [m3/s], % of year

0

2 500

5 000

7 500

10 000

12 500

15 000

17 500

20 000

55.0 %

60.0 %

65.0 %

70.0 %

75.0 %

80.0 %

85.0 %

90.0 %

95.0 %

9.00 13.50 18.00 22.50 27.00 31.50 36.00 40.50 45.00

power kWefficiency

flow m3/s

7/27/2019 04_Experience with using Alab for small hydro (ivind Antonsen)

16/17

P1[kW]

P2[kW]

0

5 000

10 000

15 000

20 000

25 000

30 000

35 000

40 000

55.0 %

60.0 %

65.0 %

70.0 %

75.0 %

80.0 %

85.0 %

90.0 %

95.0 %

9.00 18.00 27.00 36.00 45.00 54.00 63.00 72.00 81.00 90.00

turbine power kWefficiency

flow m3/s

7/27/2019 04_Experience with using Alab for small hydro (ivind Antonsen)

17/17

Conclusions

{ Help and support for the turbine choice

{ Quickly establish data for sub-inquiries

{ Helps to save time in the tender process

{ Helps to document the quality of the tender

{ A valuable tool in the small hydro market