02 cdma antenna and feeder system
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Transcript of 02 cdma antenna and feeder system
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲
VIII.CDMA Antenna & Feeder System
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲
CDMA Antenna and Feeder System
3.1 Antenna Introduction
3.2 BTS Antenna System
3.3 Antenna Technical Parameters
3.3.1 Electrical Properties
3.3.2 Mechanical Properties
3.4 Antenna Development
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲Antenna IntroductionAntenna Introduction
• Antenna is a structure or device used to
collect or radiate electromagnetic waves.
Transmission
radiates electromagnetic energy into space
Reception
collects electromagnetic energy from space
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲
• Antennas are widely used in our society
– Mobile Communication
– Satellite Communication
– Wireless Radio
– Wireless Television
– Radar
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲
• In two-way communication, the same antenna
can be used for transmission and reception
– the RF antenna System of the BTS
– GPS Antenna System
BSSB Antenna SystemBSSB Antenna System
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲BTS Antenna SystemBTS Antenna System
Antenna System Structure Antenna Types
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲Antenna System StructureAntenna System Structure
•
Lightningarrester
Antenna (6 sets;directional)
Jumper (1/2''; 6 PCS)
Lightning protectiongrounding clip
Main feeder (7/8''; 6 PCS)
BTScabinet
Lightning protectiongrounding clip
Cabling rackLightning protectiongrounding clip
Iron tower
Equipment room
Lightning arrester
Jumper (1/2''; 6 PCS)
the antenna feeder system comprises antenna, antenna jumper, main feeder, lightning arrester, cabinet-top jumper, grounding parts and others.
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲Antenna Technical ParametersAntenna Technical Parameters
Usually, antenna has two kinds of technical parameters:
Electrical Properties
Mechanical Properties
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲
Frequency Range Impedance
VSWR polarization
Gain Beam width
Front to Back Ratio
Up Side Lobe suppression and Null Fill
Electrical PropertiesElectrical Properties
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲
Wavelength
1/2 Wavelength
1/4 Wavelength
1/4 Wavelength
1/2 Wavelength
Dipole
DipolesDipoles
1800MHz : 166mm
900MHz : 333mm
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲
one dipole Received Power : 1mW
Dipole arrayReceived Power : 4 mW
Gain = 10log(4mW/1mW) = 6dBd
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲
10log(8mW/1mW) = 9dBd
Sector antennaReceived Power : 8mW
Omnidirectional arrayReceived Power : 4mW
(top view)
Antenna
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲Frequency RangeFrequency Range
• CDMA 800: 824-896MHz
• CDMA 1900: 1850-1990MHz
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲
BANDWIDTH = 896 - 824 = 72MHz
Optimum 1/2 wavelengthfor dipole at 860MHz
at 896MHz
Antenna Dipole
at 824MHz
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲ImpedanceImpedance
• 50
Cable
50 ohms
Antenna 50 ohms
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲
9.5 W80
ohms50 ohms
Forward: 10W
Reverse: 0.5W
Return Loss : 10log(10/0.5) = 13dB
VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio)
VSWRVSWR
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲
VSWR1.5
=(VSWR-1)/(VSWR+1)
RL=-20lg
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲PolarizationPolarization
Vertical Horizontal
Vertical Polarization:
The electric field is vertical to the ground
Horizontal Polarization:
The electric field is parallel to the ground
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲
+ 45degree slant - 45degree slant
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲
V/H (Vertical/Horizontal) Slant (+/- 45°)
Dual Linear PolarizationDual Linear Polarization
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲
Linear,vertical dual linear 45 slant
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲
Definition
Ratio of antenna power density at a distant
point relative to that of an isotropic radiator
as the two input power values are the same.
Gain characterizes the ability of a antenna to
radiate and collect electromagnetic energy.
GainGain
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲
)( 010
1inin PP
S
SG
G: Antenna gain
S1: Power density at a distant point relative to antenna
S0: Power density at the same point relative to isotropic
antenna
Pin1:Input power of the antenna
Pin0:Input power of the isotropic antenna
GainGain
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲GainGain
Unless otherwise specified, the gain usually refers to the direction of maximum radiation.
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲
Antenna gain is usually expressed in dBi or dBd
dBi
Gain relative to an isotropic antenna when the re
ference antenna is an isotropic antenna.
dBd
Gain relative to a half-wave dipole when the refe
rence antenna is a half-wave dipole.
GainGain
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲dBd and dBidBd and dBi
half-wave dipole
isotropic radiator
So 0dBd = 2.15dBi
2.15dB
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲
A directional antennaA directional antenna An Omni-directional antennaAn Omni-directional antenna
Directional & Omni-directional AntennaDirectional & Omni-directional Antenna
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲
120° (eg) Peak
Peak - 10dB
Peak - 10dB
10dB Beamwidth
60° (eg) Peak
Peak - 3dB
Peak - 3dB
3dB Beamwidth
BeamwidthBeamwidth
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲Horizontal BeamwidthHorizontal Beamwidth
• Directional Antenna : Omni Antenna : 360°• 65°/90°/105°/120 °
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲Vertical Beam width Vertical Beam width
Directional Antenna : Omni Antenna :
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲Down TiltDown Tilt
Mechanical downtilt
Fixed electr. downtilt
Tunable electr. downtilt
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲Mechanical Down tiltMechanical Down tilt
Adjust antenna mechanically
to tilt lobe down
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲Front to Back RatioFront to Back Ratio
Main lobe max. value to back lobe max. value ratio
F/B = 10 log(forward Power/Reversed Power) typically : 25dB
Reversed Power Forward Power
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲ Upper Side Lobes Suppression & Null FillUpper Side Lobes Suppression & Null Fill
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲Side lobesSide lobes
Upper Side Lobe Suppression (dB)
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲
Null FillNull Fill
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲ Power CapacityPower Capacity
Continuous :25-1500watts
Typical: 250-500watts
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲
1000mW ( 1W) 1mW
10log(1000mW/1mW) = 30dB
Antenna Port IsolationAntenna Port Isolation
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲
For same frequency 、 dual frequency , isolation of different port >30dB
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲
Dimensions Weight Radome Material Color
Operating Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range
Mechanical PropertiesMechanical Properties
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲DimensionsDimensions
LengthLengthWidthWidthDepthDepth
Length Length :: related with vertical beamwidthrelated with vertical beamwidth 、、 gaingain
WidthWidth :: related with horizontal beamwidthrelated with horizontal beamwidth
DepthDepth :: related with adoptive technologyrelated with adoptive technology
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲WeightWeight
Affect Transportation 、 construction
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲ Radome MaterialRadome Material
PVC, ABS, fiberglass
Sun Protection 、 Ice Protection , Salt protection Burning Blocking , Anti-aging etc.
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲Operating Temperature RangeOperating Temperature Range
TypicalTypical :: -40°C — +70°C-40°C — +70°C
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲ Storage Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range
TypicalTypical :: -40°C — +70°C-40°C — +70°C
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲Shipping DimensionsShipping Dimensions
LengthWidthDepth
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲MastMast
Mast diameter: 45-90mm
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲Lightning ProtectionLightning Protection
DC Grounded
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲Lightning rod Lightning rod
A grounded metal rod can prevent damage by conducting lightning to the ground;
It is placed on top of the structure
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲Lightning rod Lightning rod
The radio frequency antenna must be installed within the 45 protection angle for arrester;
Lightning arrester
45 protection angle
Lightning protection belt45 protection
angle
Antenna and outdoor unit
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲Antenna TypesAntenna Types
A directional antennaA directional antenna An Omni-directional antennaAn Omni-directional antenna
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲1/2 jumper1/2 jumper
½ jumper is used between cabinet-top and the main feeder cable , between the main feeder and antenna ;
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲1/2 jumper ’s properties1/2 jumper ’s properties
Specification : ½ foamy medium cable; Maximum working frequency : 2000MHz; Resistance : 50; Wastage per 100m : <7.5 dB; One-time bending radius : 32mm;
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲The main feederThe main feeder
The minimum bending radius of the main feeder should not be less than 20 times the length of the radius of the main feeder
One-time bending, the minimum bending radius is 90mm. The minimum bending radius of repeated bends is 200 mm.
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲The main feeder’s propertiesThe main feeder’s properties
Specification : 7/8 foamy medium cableMaximum working frequency : 2000MHzResistance :50Wastage per 100m : <4.0 dB one-time bending radius : 90mm
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲The three feeder clipThe three feeder clip
Installing the three-feeder clips every 1.5 meters along the iron tower or cabling rack; The maximum spacing
between the hangers is 1.65m.
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲The main feederThe main feeder
Feeder window
First bending with the bending radius larger
than 90 mm.
Cabling rack Feeder clip
OutdoorIndoorFeeder window
Outdoor
IndoorSecond bending with the
bending radius larger than 90 mm.
Cabling rack
Feeder clip
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲Lightning arrester’s propertiesLightning arrester’s properties
The feeder window is usually mounted on the wall outside the equipment room between the indoor and the outdoor cabling racks ; The size of the feeder cable window provided by ZTE is 400 mm 400 mm. It is a four-hole window and 12 pieces of feeder cables can pass through it. A 300 mm 300 mm hole should be drilled on the wall for the
installation of this feeder cable window.
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲Lightning arresterLightning arrester
For the wide-band lightning arrester that need not be grounded separately, you may directly connect it in serial to the place between the main feeder and the indoor cabinet top jumper. During the installation, the lightning arrester and indoor equipment as the cabling rack should be insulated.
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲Lightning arrester’s propertiesLightning arrester’s properties
Frequency : 1850-1990MHzResistance :50Echo wastage : <-25dBThe maximum attacking electronic current : 50
kAThe average manimum power : 3kw
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲Lightning ArresterLightning Arrester
For the lightning arrester that need be grounded, a lightning arrester frame should be provided.
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲The installation of the lightning The installation of the lightning
arrester frame arrester frame
Feeder window
Antenna feederlightning arrester
Fixing plate of thelighting arrester
Lightningarrester frame
Jumper
Jumper
GPS Lightningarrester
Insulationsleeve
Grounding cable of the lightningarrester frame (to connect the
outdoor grounding bar)
Wall
Antennafeeder
GPS feeder
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲Connector between two accessoriesConnector between two accessories
Feeder connector
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲'' cabinet-top jumper'''' cabinet-top jumper''
cabinet-top jumpers are used between the lightning arrester connected to the main feeder and the rack ; it ’s properties are the same to the ½ antenna jumper ;
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲GPS Antenna Feeder System GPS Antenna Feeder System
BSC
GPS antenna
Coaxial cable
Lightning arrestorFixing caliper
Tube
Composition of the GPS Antenna Feeder System
Customer Service Department of CDMA Division
Internal Use Only ▲GPS Antenna Feeder System GPS Antenna Feeder System
Capturing the clock for CDMAthrough the GPS signal receiver for use by the related units of the CDMA base station.