= tpj;aghujpnkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp · 10/3/2019 · jpUr;nrq;NfhL(Tk) ehkf;fy;(Dt) 637202. Cell...
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= tpj;aghujpnkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp rf;fuhk;ghisak; >mfuk; (po)>vyr;rpg;ghisak; jpUr;nrq;NfhL(Tk) ehkf;fy;(Dt) 637202. Cell :99655 31727, 94432 31727 muRg;; nghJj; Njh;T khh;r; - 2019 tFg; G : gj;jhk; tFg; G ghlk; : r%f mwptpay; kjpg;ngz;fs;:100 TENTATIVE ANSWER KEY tpdh vz;. tpilf;Fwpg;Gfs; kjpg;ngz;fs; gphpT - I (24 kjpg;ngz;fs; ) gFjp - I midj;J tpdhf;fSf;Fk; tpilaspf;fTk; 14x1=14 1. m) njhopw;Gul;rp 2. ,) khh;d; ejpf;fiu 3. M) KNrhypdp 4. m) jpN`f; 5. <) rh;jhh; ty;ygha; gNly; 6. <) kpahd;kh; 7. ,) nghJ epWtdq;fsplkpUeJ jfty;fisg; ngw 8. m) ePyfphp kiy 9. M) rkkhd fhyepiy 10. M) ANudpak; 11. M) Tata Iron and Steel Company 12. <) ngq;fSU> nrd;id kw;Wk; i`juhghj; 13. ,) Nfush 14. m) 1967 15. gphpT - II ,uz;L tpdhf; fSf;Fk; tpil jUf. nghUj;Jf: 2x5=10 i a) guhf;G+h; - kq;fs; ghz;Nl b) epA+ ,e;jpah - lhf;lh; md;dp ngrd;l; c) Rgh\; re;jpu Ngh]; - ,e;jpa Njrpa ,uhZtk; d)fhkuh[h; - muir cUthf;fpath; e) ePjpf;fl;rp - b.vk;. ehah; 5 ii a) gpuk; kGj;uh - khdrNuhth; Vhp b) jyf;fhw;W - ehh;nt];lh; c)fhpry; kz; - gUj;jp d) Nkw;F tq;fhsk; - rzy; e) ,e;jpahtpd; rh;f; fiu fpz;zk; - cj;jpu gpuNjrk; 5 www.Padasalai.Net www.TrbTnpsc.com https://goo.gl/MHmwbo www.Padasalai.Ne www.Padasalai.Ne www.Padasalai.Ne www.Padasalai.Ne www.Padasal www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasal www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasal www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasal www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasal www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasal www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasal www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasal www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasal www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasal www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasal www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasal www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasal ww.Padasalai.Net ww.Padasalai.Net ww.Padasalai.Net ww.Padasalai.Net ww.Padasal www.Padasalai.N www.Padasalai.N www.Padasalai.N www.Padasalai.N www.Padasala www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasala www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasala www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasala www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasala www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasala www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasala www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasala www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasala www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasala www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasala www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasala www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasalai.Net www.Padasala ww.Padasalai.Net ww.Padasalai.Net ww.Padasalai.Net ww.Padasalai.Net ww.Padasala
Transcript of = tpj;aghujpnkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp · 10/3/2019 · jpUr;nrq;NfhL(Tk) ehkf;fy;(Dt) 637202. Cell...
= tpj;aghujpnkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp rf;fuhk;ghisak;>mfuk; (po)>vyr;rpg;ghisak;
jpUr;nrq;NfhL(Tk) ehkf;fy;(Dt) 637202. Cell :99655 31727, 94432 31727
muRg;; nghJj; Njh;T khh;r; - 2019 tFg;G : gj;jhk; tFg;G ghlk; : r%f mwptpay;; kjpg;ngz;fs;:100
TENTATIVE ANSWER KEY
tpdh vz;.
tpilf;Fwpg;Gfs; kjpg;ngz;fs;
gphpT - I (24 kjpg;ngz;fs;) gFjp - I
midj;J tpdhf;fSf;Fk; tpilaspf;fTk; 14x1=14
1. m) njhopw;Gul;rp 2. ,) khh;d; ejpf;fiu 3. M) KNrhypdp 4. m) jpN`f; 5. <) rh;jhh; ty;ygha; gNly; 6. <) kpahd;kh; 7. ,) nghJ epWtdq;fsplkpUeJ jfty;fisg; ngw 8. m) ePyfphp kiy 9. M) rkkhd fhyepiy 10. M) ANudpak; 11. M) Tata Iron and Steel Company
12. <) ngq;fSU> nrd;id kw;Wk; i`juhghj; 13. ,) Nfush 14. m) 1967 15. gphpT - II
,uz;L tpdhf;fSf;Fk; tpil jUf. nghUj;Jf:
2x5=10
i a) guhf;G+h; - kq;fs; ghz;Nl
b) epA+ ,e;jpah - lhf;lh; md;dp ngrd;l;
c) Rgh\; re;jpu Ngh]; - ,e;jpa Njrpa ,uhZtk;
d)fhkuh[h; - muir cUthf;fpath;
e) ePjpf;fl;rp - b.vk;. ehah;
5
ii a) gpuk;;kGj;uh - khdrNuhth; Vhp
b) jyf;fhw;W - ehh;nt];lh; c)fhpry; kz; - gUj;jp d) Nkw;F tq;fhsk; - rzy;
e) ,e;jpahtpd; rh;f;fiu fpz;zk; - cj;jpu gpuNjrk;
5
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gphpT - II VNjDk; gj;J tpdhf;fSf;F rpWtpil jUf.
10x2=20
gFjp - I 16. fhydp Mjpf;fk; :
fp.gp.1492 Mk; Mz;L Kjy; fp.gp. 1763Mk; Mz;L tiuapy; INuhg;gpa ehLfs; gpd;gw;wpa nfhs;if fhydp Mjpf;fk; vdg;gLk;.
,f;fhyf;fl;lj;jpy; ,q;fpyhe;J>gpuhd;];> ]ngapd; kw;Wk; Nghh;r;Rf;fy; Mfpa ehLfs; jq;fspd; FbNaw;wq;fis Mrpa kw;Wk; mnkhpf;fh fz;lq;fsp;y; Vw;gLj;jpd.
fhydp Mjpf;fk; vd;gJ FbNaw;wq;fis me;epa ehl;by; Vw;gLj;jp mjd; ,aw;if tsq;fisr; Ruz;Ljy; MFk;.
NkYk; ,J cs;ehl;L ngUk;ghd;ikapdUf;Fk; me;epa rpWghd;ikapdUf;Fk; ,ilapy; Vw;gl;l neUlyhd cwT MFk;.
2
17. Kjy; cyfg;Nghhpy; mnkhpf;fh <Lgl;ljw;fhd fhuzk; : 1917Mk; Mz;L mnkhpf;ff; nfhbfis Ve;jpa Y}rpl;lhdpah
cl;gl ehd;F tzpff;fg;gy;fis n[h;khdpa ePh;%o;fpf;fg;gy; %o;fbj;jd.
,jpy; E}w;Wf;fzf;fhd mnkhpf;fh;fs; nfhy;yg;gl;ldh;.,e;epfo;r;rp mnkhpf;f FbauRj;jiyth; cl;Nuhtpy;rid NfhgKwr; nra;jJ.
vdNt mth; 1917Mk; Mz;L Vg;uy; 6Mk; ehs; Gdpj nts;spad;W n[h;kdp kPJ Nghh; mwptpg;G nra;jhh;.
2
18. N gPh; kz;lgg; Gul;rp : `pl;yh; xU vjph;g;ghsuhf jdJ murapy; tho;f;ifiaj; njhlq;fpdhh;. 1923 k; Mz;L mjpfhuj;ij ifg;gw;Wk; Kaw;rpapy; <Lgl;lhh;. ,jw;F ‘gPh; kz;lgg; Gul;rp’ vd;W ngah;.
2
19. ,uz;lhk; cyfg; NghUf;fhd cldbf; fhuzk; : 1939Mk; Mz;L `pl;yh; n[h;kdpiaAk; fpof;Fg; gpu\;ahitAk;
Nghye;J topahf ,izf;;Fk; ,uhZtr;rhiy mikf;Fk; chpikia toq;FkhW Nghye;J ehl;il eph;ge;jpj;jhh; kw;Wk; lhd;rpf; JiwKfj;ijj; jd;dplk; xg;gilf;fTk; typAWj;jpdhh;.
,jidg; Nghye;J kWf;fNt 1939Mk; Mz;L nrg;lk;gh; 1-k; Njjp `pl;yh; me;ehl;bd; kPJ kpd;dy; Ntfj;jhf;Fjy; elj;jp Nghye;ijf; ifg;gw;wpdhh;.
,JNt> ,uz;lhk; cyfg;Nghh; Vw;gl cldbf; fhuzkhapUe;jJ
2
20. I.eh-tpd; mwpf;if - 21 : 1992 y; hpNah-b n[dpNuhtpy; I.eh.tpd; Rw;Wr;#oy; kw;Wk; Nkk;ghl;L khehL elj;jg;gl;lJ. ,k;khehl;by; ‘mwpf;if 21’ vd;w Nfhl;ghl;bid midj;J ehLfSk; Vw;W ,aw;if #oiy ghJfhj;J> nghUshjhu Nkk;ghlila cWjpG+z;ld.
2
21. ngUk; Gul;rpapy; <Lgl;l Kf;fpaj; jiyth;fs; kw;Wk; Kf;fpa ,lq;fs;: Gul;rpapd; jiyth;fs; Gul;rpapd; eilngw;w ,lk;
,uz;lhk; gfJ}h;\h nly;yp [hd;rp uhzp ,yl;Rkp gha; kj;jpa ,e;jpah Ngfk; `];uj; k`hy; yf;Ndh ehdhrhfpg;> jhe;jpahNjhg; fhd;G+h; fd;th;rpq; gPfhh;
2
22. Rj;jp ,af;fk; : Mhpa rkh[k; tpyq;Ffisg; gypapLjy;> cUt topghL> %lg;gof;fq;fs;> nrhh;f;fk;> eufk; Nghd;w Nfhl;ghLfis vjph;j;jJ.,th; kjk; khwpa ,e;Jf;fis kPz;lk; ,e;J rkaj;jpy; Nrh;g;gjw;fhf ‘Rj;jp ,af;fk;’ vd;w ,af;fj;ijj; njhlq;fpdhh;.
2
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23. nusyl; rl;lk; : Mq;fpy muR ,e;jpa Rje;jpug; Nghuhl;lj;ij jPtpukhf vjph;nfhs;s 1919 Mk; Mz;L nusyl; rl;lj;ij nfhz;L te;jJ. ,r;rl;lj;jpd;gb cj;jutpd;wp vtiuAk; ifJ nra;aTk; tprhuizapd;wp rpiwapy; milf;fTk; Mq;fpy muRf;F mjpfhuk; toq;fg;gl;lJ. ,e;jpa kf;fs; fhe;jpabfspd; jiyikapy; nusyl; rl;lj;ij fLikahf vjph;j;jdh;. ,jd; tpisthf 1919 Vg;uy; 6 Mk; ehs; ehL KOtJk; filailg;G kw;Wk; kwpay; Nghuhl;lq;fs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;ld.
1 1
gFjp - II
24. cyf mikjp mtrpakhdJ: cyf ehLfspd; nghUshjhu tsh;r;rp cyf mikjp %yk; kl;LNk
mila KbAk;. cyf mikjp ,e;jpa nghUshjhu tsh;r;rpf;F kl;Lkpd;wp tsUk;
ehLfspd; tsh;r;rpf;F mtrpakhdjhFk;.
2
25. Njrpaf; fl;rpfs; : ,e;jpaj; Njh;jy; Mizaj;jhy; mq;fPfhpf;fg;gl;L> ehlhSkd;wj;
Njh;jypy; gjpT nra;ag;gl;l thf;Ffspy; ehd;Fmy;yJ mjw;F Nkw;gl;l khepyq;fspy; 6 rjtPj thf;Ffisg; ngWk; fl;rpfs; Njrpa fl;rpfs; vd;wiof;fg;gLk;.
c.k; fhq;fpu];> gh.[.f.
2
gFjp - III
26. ,kakiyfspd; Kf;fpaj;Jj;jpy; VNjDk; ,uz;L : ,e;jpahtpd; tlgFjpapy; cs;s ,kakiyfs; njd;Nkw;F gUtf;
fhw;wpidj; jLj;J> ey;ykiog; nghopitAk;> gdpg;nghopitAk; ekf;Fj; jUfpwJ. ,k;kiyfs; ,y;yhjpUg;gpd;> ,e;jpaj; Jizf; fz;lj;jpd; ngUk;gFjp ntg;gkhdjhfTk;> twz;lghiytdkhfTk; khwpapUf;ff;$Lk;.
,kakiyfs; ,e;jpaj; Jizf; fz;lj;jpd; ,aw;if vy;iyahf mike;Js;sd. ,q;F gdp vg;nghOJk; ciwe;J fhzg;gLtjhy; me;epa gilnaLg;igj; jLfpwJ.
1 1
27. ,e;jpaf; fhyepiyia eph;zapf;Fk; fhuzpfspd; ngah;fs;: ml;rq;fs; cauk; flypypUe;J J}uk; fhw;W kiyfspd; mikT
Nghd;w fhuzpfs; ,e;jpa fhyepiyia eph;zapf;fpd;wd.
2
28. ,aw;if jhtuk; : ,aw;ifj; jhtuk; vd;gJ Gtpapd; Nkw;gug;gpy; ,aw;ifahfNt tsUk; jhtuq;fspd; njhFg;G MFk;.
2
29. ,e;jpa Ntshz;ikapd; gUtf;fhyq;fs;: ngah; tpijf;Fk; gUtk; mWtilg;gUtk; fhhp/Ng [Pd; (gUtkkio
njhlq;Fk; fhyk;) etk;gh; khj Jtf;fk;
uhgp gaph;fs; etk;gh; (Fsph; fhyj; Jtf;fk;)
khh;r; (Nfhil Muk;gk;)
iraj; gaph;fs; khh;r; (Nfhil Jtf;fk;)
[Pd; (gUtkio Muk;gk;)
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30. Ie;J nkd;nghUs; ikaq;fs;: nrd;id Nfhak;Gj;J}h; jpUtde;jGuk; ngq;fSU ik#U i`juhghj; tprhfg;gl;bdk; Kk;ig> G+dh GtNd];th; ,e;J}h;
2
31. kpd;dZtpay; fopT : gad;gLj;j Kbahj kpd;dZtpay; nghUl;fis kpd;dZtpay;
fopTfs; vd;fpNwhk;. ,e;jpahtpy; 3>80>000 ld;fs; kpd;dpay; fopTfs; cw;gj;jpahfpd;wd. njhiyf;fhl;rpg; ngl;bfs;> ifg;Ngrp> fzpdp> Fsph;rhjdg;ngl;b>
mr;R ,ae;jpuq;fs;> Nghd;wit ,tw;Ws; mlq;Fk;. Rw;Wr;#oy; khriljypy; ,jd; gq;F mjpfkhfp cs;sJ.
1 1
32. tzpfk; : tzpfk; vd;gJ Nritfis thq;Fk;> tpw;Fk; my;yJ gz;lkhw;wk;
nra;Ak; nray; KiwahFk;. nghJthf tzpfk; ,Utifg;gLk;. mit
cs;ehl;L tzpfk;> gd;dhl;L tzpfk;.
1 1
33. njhiy Ez;Zzh;tpd; gFjpfs;: njhiyEz;Zzh;T ehd;F gFjpfisf; nfhz;lJ.
1. ,yf;F 2. Mw;wy;%yk; 3. gpujpgypf;Fk; top kw;Wk; 4. czh;tp
2
gFjp - IV
34. gzpfs; Jiwf;F cjhuzk;: gzpfs; Jiw vd;gJ nra;jp> njhiyj; njhlh;G> Nghf;Ftuj;J> tzpfk;> tq;fpfs;> fhg;gPl;L epWtdq;fs;
2
35. fyg;Gg; nghUshjhuk; : ehl;L tpLjiyf;Fgpd; ,e;jpag; nghUshjhuj;ij tsh;r;rpailar;
nra;tNj jiyth;fSk;> jpl;l ty;Yeh;fSk; Kf;fpa Nehf;fkhf nfhz;bUe;jdh;.
Kd;dhy; gpujkh; [t`h;yhy; NeU fpuhkg; nghUshjhuj;ij tYg;gLj;j tpUk;gpdhh;.
vdNt Ntshz;ik ePh;g;ghrdk; kw;Wk; kpd;cw;gj;jp jpl;lq;fSf;F Kd;Dhpik mspj;jhh;.
tpiuthd nghUshjhu tsh;r;rpia mila nghJj; JiwAk; jdpahh;j; JiwAk; xUq;fpide;J nray;gLk; fyg;Gg; nghUshjhuj;ij eilKiwg;gL;j;j NeU jPh;khdpj;jhh;. v.fh: ,e;jpah
1 1
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gphpT - III (kjpg;ngz;fs; 8) VNjDk; ehd;fpid NtWgLj;jpf;fhl;Lf
4x2=8
36. fphPd;tpr; jPh;f;f Neuk; - ,e;jpaj; jpl;l Neuk; (njhlh;Gila VNjDk; 2 fUj;Jf;fs;) t.vz; fphPd;tpr; jPh;f;f Neuk; ,e;jpaj; jpl;l Neuk; 1 0 jPh;f;fk; ,q;fpyhe;jpd;
fphPd;tpr; topahf nry;fpwJ.
8230 fpof;F jPh;f;fk; ,e;jpahtpd; eLNt myfhghj; topahf nry;fpwJ.
2 cyfj;jpd; jpl;l Neuj;ij fzf;fpl cjTfpwJ.
,J ,e;jpahtpd; jpl;l Neuj;ij fzf;fpl cjTfpwJ.
4
37. Y} kw;Wk; ehh;nt];lh;]; (njhlh;Gila VNjDk; 2 fUj;Jf;fs;) t.vz; Y} ehh;nt];lh;]; 1 Y} xU typikahd ntg;gf;
fhw;W ehh;nt];lh;]; ,bAld; $ba xU jyf;fhw;W
2 ,J ,e;jpahtpd; tlf;F kw;Wk; tlNkw;F gFjpfspy; Nfhilf; fhyj;jpy; gfy; Neuj;jpy; tPRfpwJ.
,J tlfpof;F ,e;jpag; gFjpfspy; tPRfpwJ.
4
38. GJg;gpf;ff; $ba tsk; kw;Wk; GJg;gpf;f Kbahj tsk; (njhlh;Gila VNjDk; 2 fUj;Jf;fs;) t.vz; GJg;gpf;ff; $ba tsk; GJg;gpf;f Kbahj tsk; 1 kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; vspjhf
cw;gj;jp nra;af;$ba tsq;fis GJg;gpf;fj;jf;f tsq;fs; vd;fpNwhk;
gad;ghl;Lf;F gpwF kPz;Lk; fpilf;f ,ayhj tsq;fs; GJg;gpf;f ,ayhj tsq;fs; vd;fpNwhk;.
2 ,J Rw;Wr;#oYf;F jPq;F tpistpf;fhJ
,J Rw;Wr;#oYf;F jPq;F tpistpf;Fk;
4
39. jd;dpiwT Ntshz;ik kw;Wk; tzpf Ntshz;ik (njhlh;Gila VNjDk; 2 fUj;Jf;fs;) t.vz; jd;dpiwT Ntshz;ik tzpf Ntshz;ik 1 jd;dpiwT Ntshz;ik
Kiwapy; cw;gj;jp nghUl;fspy; ghjp msT tptrhapfspd; Njitf;Fk; kPjp re;ijfspYk; tpw;fg;gLfpwJ. v.fh. ney;> NfhJik
tzpf Ntshz;ik Kiwapy; Njitf;F mjpfkhf nghUl;fis cw;gj;jp nra;J Vw;Wkjp nra;ag;gLfpwJ.
2 ,k;Kiwapy; tptrhapfs; ney; kw;Wk; NfhJik Nghd;w jhdpaq;fisNa mjpfkhf tpistpf;fpd;wdh;.
v.fh. jhdpaq;fs;> gUj;jp> fUk;G> rzy;
4
40. ,Uk;G v/F njhopyfq;fs; kw;Wk; nkd;nghUs; njhopyfq;fs; (njhlh;Gila VNjDk; 2 fUj;Jf;fs;) t.vz; ,Uk;G v/F njhopyfq;fs; nkd;nghUs; njhopyfq;fs; 1 NrhlhehfGhp tl;lhuj;jpy; ek;
ehl;bd; ngUk;ghyhd ,Uk;G v/F njhopyfq;fs; fhzg;gLfpd;wd
kpd;dZtpay; Jiw ehl;bd; gy;NtW gFjpfspy; kpd;dZtpay; g+q;fhf;fis epWtp tUfpwJ
2 ,e;jpahtpy; 11 xUq;fpizf;fg;gl;l v/F njhopyfq;fs;> 150 rpwpa v/F MiyfSk; mjpf vz;zpf;ifapy; rpwpa cUis MiyfSk; ,Uf;fpd;wd.
jw;rkak; 500 f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l kpd;nghUs; epWtdq;fs; ek; ehl;by; cs;sd.
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41. fhw;W khriljy; kw;Wk; xyp khriljy; (njhlh;Gila VNjDk; 2 fUj;Jf;fs;) t.vz; fhw;W khriljy; xyp khriljy; 1 jPq;F tpistpf;ff; $ba
nghUl;fs; ntspaplg;gLtjhy; fhw;W khrilfpwJ.
kdpjh;fs; my;yJ ,ae;jpuq;fspdhy; Vw;gLk; xypapdhy; xyp khriljy; Vw;gLfpwJ.
2 Vhpkiy ntbg;G fhw;wpy; kfue;j guty; Mfpait ,aw;ifapdhy; fhw;W khrilfpwJ. ,J kf;fspd; ey;tho;tpidg; ghjpf;fpwJ.
,J kdpj> tpyq;Ffspd; rkepiyia ghjpf;fpwJ.
42. Vw;Wkjp kw;Wk; ,wf;Fkjp (njhlh;Gila VNjDk; 2 fUj;Jf;fs;) t.vz; Vw;Wkjp ,wf;Fkjp 1 Vw;Wkjp vd;gJ ek; ehl;bd; cghp
nghUl;fisAk;> Nrit nghUl;fisAk; me;epa nryhtzpf;fhf ntspehl;bw;F tpw;gjhFk;
,wf;Fkjp vd;gJ ekf;F Njitahd nghUl;fisAk;> NritfisAk;ntspehl;b ypUe;J thq;FtjhFk;.
2 ,e;jpa 7500 tpjkhd nghUl;fis 190 ehLfSf;F Vw;Wkjp nra;fpwJ.
,e;jpah 6000 tpjkhd nghUl;fis 140 ehLfspypUe;J ,wf;Fkjp nra;fpwJ.
4
43. rhiy top kw;Wk; ,uapy; top (njhlh;Gila VNjDk; 2 fUj;Jf;fs;) t.vz; rhiy top ,uapy; top 1 ,e;jpahtpd; rhiy top
Nghf;Ftuj;J nryTkpf;f> jpwDila> kpfr;rpwe;j Nghf;Ftuj;J topahFk;.
,uapy; Nghf;Ftuj;J gazp kw;Wk; ruf;Ffis njhiytpy; nfhz;L nry;y kpfr;rpwe;j Nghf;Ftuj;J topahFk;.
2 ,J ehl;bd; gy;NtW gFjpfis mjpf rhiyfshy; xd;wpizf;Fk; vspa topahFk;.
,J ehl;bd; njhiytpy; cs;s kf;fis xd;wpizf;fpwJ.
4
gphpT - IV (kjpg;ngz;fs; 8) fPo;f;fz;l jiyg;Gfspy; VNjDk; ,uz;bidj; Njh;e;njLj;J
midj;Jtpdhf;fSf;Fk; tpilasp
2x4=8
44. n[h;kdpapd; Nguhir : m) Kjy; cyfg; Nghhpd; NghJ n[h;kdpapd; murh; ahh;?
Kjy; cyfg; Nghhpd; NghJ n[h;kdpapd; muruhf ,Ue;jth; nfa;rh; ,uz;lhk; tpy;ypak;.
M) mthpd; ek;gpf;if vd;d? cyfk; KOtJk; Mjpf;fk; nrYj;Jk; chpik kw;Wk; jpwik n[h;kdpf;F kl;LNk cs;sJ vd;gJ mthpd; ek;gpf;if MFk;.
,) mtuhy; rfpj;Jf; nfhs;s KbahjJ vJ? Mq;fpNyah;fspd; $w;whd ‘ Mq;fpNyah;fspd; Nguurpy; #hpad; kiwtNj ,y;iy’ vd;gij mtuhy; rfpj;Jf; nfhs;s Kbatpy;iy.
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4
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kw;nwhU mzpAk; cUthfpd. ,e;j ,uz;L mzpfSk; jq;fsJ nry;thf;if epiyehl;l gy;NtW Kaw;rpfspy; ,wq;fpd.
,jdhy; cyfpy; gjw;w epiy kw;Wk; mikjpapd;ik Vw;gl;ld. ,e;j ,uz;L mzpfspYk; Nruhky; ,e;jpah eLepiy ehlhf (mzp
Nruh ehlhf) tpsq;fp tUfpwJ. ,e;j ,uz;L mzpfSf;fpilapy; fUj;J NtWghLfs; Njhd;wpa
rkaj;jpy; ,e;jpah mtw;iw jPh;f;Fk; Kaw;rpapy; <Lgl;L> njhlh;e;J cyfpy; mikjpia epiyehl;b tUfpwJ.
(M) Njrpa xUikg;ghL: Gtpapay; mikg;G> mjidnahl;ba kf;fspd; tho;f;ifKiw> gyjug;gl;l gof;fq;fs;> rka ek;gpf;iffs;> nkhop> czT> cilfs; Nghd;wtw;why; kf;fs; NtWgLfpd;wdh;. ,Ug;gpDk;> ,e;jpahtpd; ghuk;ghpaj;jpdhy; xd;WgLfpd;wdh;. kdpjhgpkhdk;> rka czh;T> rNfhjuj;Jtk;> el;G midj;J kjj;ijAk; rfpj;Jf;nfhs;Sk; jd;ik Nghd;wit ,e;jpah;f;s xw;Wik kw;Wk; xUikg;ghl;Lld; tho topnra;fpd;wd. ,e;jpah;fs; midtUk; rNfhju> rNfhjhpfs; vd;w vz;zk; kw;Wk; czh;T ,e;jpa xUikg;ghl;il tsh;f;f nghpJk; cjTfpd;wd. ,J jtpu Njrpar; rpd;dq;fs;> Njrpaf;nfhb kw;Wk; Njrpa fPjk; Nghd;wtw;iwAk; Njrpa xUikg;ghl;il tsh;f;fpd;wd. xd;Wg;gl;lhy; cz;L tho;T> gphpe;jhy; tPo;r;rp vd;w czh;T ,e;jpa xUikg;ghl;bw;F toptFf;fpwJ. ,j;jifa ,e;jpa xw;Wik rpe;Jrkntsp fhyj;jpypUe;J ,d;Wtiu ,e;jpa fyhr;rhuj;jhy; epiy ehl;lg;gl;L tUfpwJ.
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(,) Efh;Nthhpd; chpikfs; : Efh;Nthhpd; chpikfs; ,e;jpa rl;lj;jpy; njhFj;jspf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jid tpahghu r%fj;jpdh; fUj;jpy; nfhz;L nray;glNtz;Lk;. Efh;Nthhpd; nghUl;fs; mth;fsJ capUf;Fk;, mth;fsJ cilikf;Fk; ghjpg;gpid Vw;gLj;Jk; Ntisapy; mth;fs; me;jg; nghUl;fisf; Fwpj;Jk; mth;fsJ Nritfs; Fwpj;Jk; jq;fsJ vjph;g;gpidj; njhptpf;Fk; chpikg; ngw;Ws;sdh;.
nghUl;fspd; juk;;, msT , jd;ik mjDila cz;ik epiy ,nghUl;fspd; tpiy Mfpaitf; Fwpj;j cz;ikahd epiyfis njspthf Efh;Nthh;fSf;F njhpag;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;.
gytifahd nghUl;fis epahakhd tpiyapy; ngWtjw;fhd tha;g;Gk; , trjpfSk; nra;Jf; nfhLf;fg;gLtJ jdpg;gl;l tpahghhpaplkpUe;J Efh;Nthh; nghUis thq;Fk;NghJ me;jg; nghUs; jukhdjhfTk; , epahakhd tpiyapy; ,Uf;fpwJ vd;W nrhy;tjw;Fk; chpikg; ngw;Ws;sdh;.
Efh;Nthhpd; eyq;fs; rk;ge;jg;gl;l Jiwfs; %yk; jPh;T nra;ag;glNtz;Lk;. jtwhd tpahghu Kiwfs; Fwpj;Njh my;yJ Efh;Nthh; jhq;fs; Ruz;lg;gLfpd;wNtisapNyh jq;fSf;F rhpahd jPh;g;G fpilf;Fk; tifapy; Efh;Nthh; jq;fsJ Fiwfis vLj;Jf;$wp jPh;itg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;syhk;.
Efh;Nthhpd; eyDf;fhd nghUl;fs; gw;wpa jfty;fs; mlq;fpa tpopg;Gzh;it Vw;gLj;jNtz;Lk;. 2005 Mk; Mz;L mf;Nlhgh; 12 –k; ehs; jfty; mwpAk; rl;lk; ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; epiwNtw;wg;gl;lJ. ,jdhy; nghJ epWtdq;fs; rhh;e;j midj;J eltbf;iffisAk; mwpe;Jf; nfhs;tJ nghJ kf;fspd; mbg;gil chpikahFk;.
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50. (m) Ntw;Wikapy; xw;Wik: ,e;jpah kpf cah;e;j kiyr;rpfuq;fs; Kjw;nfhz;L kpff;Fiwe;j
rkntspfs; tiu jdpj;Jtk; kpf;f epy mikg;Gf;fisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ.
cyfpd; kpf cah;e;j rpfukhd vtnu];l; ,kakiyapy; mike;Js;sJ. ,J Neghsk; kw;Wk; rPd vy;iyapy; mike;Js;sJ. ,jd; cauk; fly; kl;lj;jpypUe;J 8848 kP MFk;.
flf Nuiff;F tlf;Nf kpjntg;gkz;lyf; fhyepiyAk; njw;Nf ntg;gkz;lyf; fhyepiyAk; nfhz;Ls;sJ. kpf mjpf kiog;ngWk; gFjpahd Nkfhyahtpy; cs;s rpuGQ;rpAk; kpf Fiwe;j kiog;ngWk; gFjpahd jhh; ghiytdKk; ,q;F jhd; mike;Js;sJ.
Nkw;F njhlh;r;rp kiyapy; <ukpf;f mlh;e;j ntg;g kz;lyf; fhLfSk; Nkw;F tq;fj;jpy; khq;FNuht; kuq;fs; nfhz;l Re;jutdq;fSk; jhh; ghiytdj;jpy; Gjh;fSk; Mq;fhq;Nf gutpf; fhzg;gLfpd;wd.
NtWgl;l ,aw;ifr;R+o;epiyAk; fhyepiyAk; ,e;jpahit gy;NtW tifahd jhtuq;fSf;Fk; tpyq;FfSf;Fk; cfe;j Xh; thoplkhf (Biodiversity) jpfor;nra;fpd;wJ.
,e;jpah Xh; kjr;rhh;gw;w ehL. gy fyhr;rhu khWghLfSld; ,e;jpa kf;fs; ,e;J fpwp];Jtk; ,];yhkpak; rPf;fpak; Gj;jk; i[dk; kw;Wk; n[huh];bhpak; Nghd;w kjq;fisg; gpd;gw;wp tho;fpd;wdh;. ,t;thW ,e;jpahtpy; gy Ntw;Wikfs; epiwe;j ,aw;ifr; R+o;epiy kjq;fs; kw;Wk; ,dq;fs; ,Ug;gpDk; ,e;jpa fyhr;rhuk; kf;fs; midtiuAk; xd;W Nrh;f;fpwJ. ,jdhy; jhd; ,e;jpah Ntw;Wikapy; xw;Wik epiwe;j ehL vd mwpag;gLfpd;wJ.
5
(M) Kk;igapy; gUj;jp Miyfs; mika rhjfkhd fhuzpfs;: kfhuh\;buj;jpYs;s> Kk;ig gUj;jp Miyfs; Kd;dpiy tfpf;fpd;wJ. NkYk; ,J ,e;jpahtpd; khd;nr];lh; vd miof;fg;gLfpwJ. fPo;f;fz;l fhuzpfs; Kk;ig gUj;jp MiyfSf;F rhjfkhf cs;sd. JiwKfj;jpd; miktplk; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gl;l nghUl;fis
Vw;Wkjp nra;aVJthf cs;sJ. gUj;jp tpisAk; ,lq;fSf;Fk; MiyfSf;Fk; ,ilapy;
Njitahd ,uapy; kw;Wk; rhy Nghf;Ftuj;J ,izg;G cs;sJ. E}ypio jahhpg;gpw;F <ug;gjk; nfhz;l fhyepiy cjTfpwJ. %yjdg; nghUl;fs; kw;Wk; epjp trjp vspjhf fpilf;fpd;wd. gzpahl;fs; Vuhskhf fpilf;fpd;wdh;.
5
(,) Nghplh; mgha Neh;T Fiwg;gpy; kPl;G epiy: kPl;G vd;gJ> xU NghplUf;Fg; gpd;dh; ,oe;jtw;iwj; jpUk;gg; ngw vLf;Fk; jPh;khdq;fSk;> eltbf;iffSk; vLf;Fk; xU fz;Nzhl;lkhFk;. NkYk; kPl;Gr; nray;> r%fj;jpd; jd;ikia Kd;Ndw;wkilar; nra;aTk;> Nkw;nfhz;L Vw;gLk; Nghplh;fis> mth;fs; vjph;nfhs;Sk; jpwidg; gyg;gLj;Jk; nray;ghlhFk;. kPl;ghdJ> gioa rhjhuzr; #o;epiyf;F nfhz;L tUtNjhL kl;Lk; ,y;yhky; rkepiy miltjw;Fk; cWjp mspf;fpwJ. ,e;epiyapy; Gduikg;Gk;> kWfl;likj;jYk; Kf;fpag; gzpfshf mikfpd;wd. Nghplh; mghaNeh;T Fiwg;G eltbf;iffspd; tsh;r;rp kw;Wk; eilKiwg;gLj;Jjypy; kjpg;G kpf;f tha;g;ig mspg;gjhfTk; mikfpwJ. r%fr; nray;ghLfs; gs;spg; Nghplh; Nkyhz;ikf; FO kw;Wk; Nghplh; Nkyhz;ikf; fy;tp Mfpait ,aw;if kw;Wk; kdpjdhy; Vw;gLk; Nghplh;fspd; jPtuj;ijf; Fiwg;gjpy; Kf;fpag; gq;if tfpf;fpd;wd. jkpof muR> I.eh. tsh;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fspd; MjuNthLk; topfhl;LjypdhYk; mghaNeh;T Fiwg;G epfo;r;rpfis Kidg;Gld; nray;gLj;jpf; nfhz;L tUfpwJ. ,e;epfo;r;rpfspd; Kjd;ik Nehf;fkhff; fUjg;gLtJ cs;Sh; kf;fspd; jpwid mjpfkhf;FtJ MFk;. KjYjtp> Njly; kw;Wk; fhg;ghw;Wk; jpwik> Muk;g Kd;ndr;nrhpf;if mikg;G Nghd;wtw;wpy; gapw;rp mspj;J mghaNeh;tpidf; Fiwf;fr; nray;gl;L tUfpwJ.
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51. (m) ehl;L tUkhdj;ij fzf;fpLk; Kiwfs;: xU ehl;bd; ehl;L tUkhdj;ij fPo;f;fz;l Kiwfspy; fzf;fplyhk;.
1. cw;gj;jp Kiw 2. tUkhd Kiw 3.nrytpd Kiw
1. cw;gj;jp Kiw ehl;by; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gl;l nghUl;fspd; kw;Wk; gzpfspd; xl;L nkhj;j kjpg;ig fzf;fpy; vLj;Jf; nfhz;L ,k;Kiwapy; ehl;L tUkhdk; fzf;fplg;gLfpwJ.
2. tUkhd Kiw ,k;Kiwapy; ehl;by; cs;s midj;J kf;fspd; tUkhdj;ij mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L fzf;fplg;gLfpwJ.
3.nrytpd Kiw ,k;Kiwapy; kf;fspd; EfUk; nghUl;fSf;fhd nryT KjyPL Nrkpg;G %d;wpd; mbg;gilapy; fzf;fplg;gLfpwJ.
3. eyk; ehLk; muRfspd; gzpfs; ghJfhg;Gg; gzpfs;
xU ehl;by; mikjp epytpdhy; kl;LNk nghUshjhu Kd;Ndw;wk; mila ,aYk;. vdNt kf;fis me;epa ehl;Lg;gilnaLg;G kw;Wk; cs;ehl;Lf; fytuq;fspy; ,Ue;J ghJfhg;gNjhL kl;Lk; my;yhky; rl;lk; xOq;ifg; guhkhpg;gJ murpd; Kjd;ikg; gzpahFk;.
eph;thfg; gzpfs; kf;fs; gzpahw;Wtjw;F rl;l kd;wk; eph;thfk; kw;Wk; ePjpj;Jiw %d;Wk; murpd; Kf;fpa myFfshfr; nray;gLfpwJ.
r%fg;ghJfhg;Gg gzpfs; murhdJ r%fg;ghJfhg;Gg; gzpfshd Viofs; cly; eykw;Nwhh; kw;Wk; Ntiyaw;Nwhh;fSf;F epthuz cjtpfis mspf;fpwJ.
nghUshjhug; gzpfs; Ntshz;ik tzpfk; kw;Wk; njhopw;tsh;r;rpf;fhf gy;NtW eltbf;iffis muR Nkw;nfhs;fpwJ. ,t;thW muR jd; gzpfis nrk;ikahf nray;gLj;Jtjd; %yk; ehl;bd; nghUshjhuk; tskhfpwJ.
5
(M) gRikg;Gul;rp : 1967 Mk; Mz;L ,e;jpahtpy; gRikg;Gul;rp mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ.
,e;jpa Ntshz; Muha;r;rp epWtdk; gRikg; Gul;rp vd;w nray;Kiwia epyr;rPh;jpUj;jk; mjpf tpisr;ry; jUk; tPhpaKs;s tpijfs; gad;ghL kw;Wk; Nkk;gLj;jg;gl;l ghrd trjpfs; %ykhf mwpKfg;gLj;jpaJ.
epyr;rPh;;jpUj;jk; epycr;r tuk;G ,ilj;jufh;fspd; Mjpf;fj;ij ePf;Fjy; kw;Wk;
epyf;Fj;jif Nghd;wtw;wpw;fhd epyr;rPh;jpUj;j rl;lq;fis muR tpiuthf nray;gLj;jp Ntshz; tsh;r;rpf;F mbNfhypaJ. ,jd;njhlh;ghf Mr;rhh;a tpNdhgh ghNtapd; G+kpjhd ,af;fk; epidT $wj;jf;fJ.
G+kpjhd ,af;fj;jpd; %ykhf kpy;ypad; Vf;fh; fzf;fhd epyq;fs; ngUk; epyr;Rthd;jhuh;fsplkpUe;J jhdkhfg; ngwg;gl;L epykpy;yh Vio tptrhapfSf;F toq;fg;gl;lJ.
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DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL SCIENCE
SHRI VIDHYABHARATHI MAT.HR.SEC.SCHOOL,
SAKKARAMPALAYAM, AGARAM(PO),
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