SKELETAL SYSTEM

Review Names of Muscles

Review Other Structures:

Tendons Ligaments Cartilage

Interesting Schtuff about Bones

Bones have the same strength as cast iron and remain as light as wood

If calcium levels in the body get too high or low the muscles and nerves will not function properly

When women become pregnant they may, and usually do, take calcium from their own bones in order to help out in the womb

Write your guess to these in your notebooks.

How many bones are in the body?

What’s the purpose of having bones? (4 answers)

What are the different types of bones? (5 answers)

Discussion:

Youtube: The Human Skeletal System

What Were the Purposes of Bones:

Protection Structure Regulating minerals Movement

Long Bones

Some of the longest bones in the body and some of the smallest.

longer than are wide, growth plates (epiphysis) at either end, hard outer surface (compact bone) and a

spongy inner cavity (cancellous bone). Both ends covered in cartilage for

protection and shock absorption.

Short Bones

Approximately as wide as long, Provide support and stability with little

movement. Contain large amounts of bone marrow

Examples: Carpals and Tarsals - the wrist and foot

bones.

Flat Bones

Strong, flat plates of bone Provide protection Base for muscular attachment In adults, the highest number of red blood

cells are formed here.

Examples: Scapula (shoulder blade). The Sternum

(breast bone), Cranium (skull), os coxae (hip bone) Pelvis and Ribs are also classified as flat bones.

Irregular Bones

Don’t fall into any other category, due to their non-uniform shape.

Examples of these are the Vertebrae, Sacrum and Mandible (lower jaw).

Sesamoid Bones

Usually short or irregular bones, embedded in a tendon.

Usually present in a tendon that passes over a joint and protects the tendon.

Example: Patella (knee cap) which sits within the

Patella or Quadriceps tendon.

Review

What do tendons do? What do ligaments do? What does cartilage do?

With a partner, name the five kinds of bones.

BonesFront View (Anterior)

Back View (Posterior)

Assignment:

Make a skeleton out of the medium of your choice and label the 20 bones that are on your chart.

Due: Oct. 29