“ Situación de los NAMAs en los Países del Asia y Pacífic” MIÉRCOLES, 3 DE AGOSTO DE 2011
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Transcript of “ Situación de los NAMAs en los Países del Asia y Pacífic” MIÉRCOLES, 3 DE AGOSTO DE 2011
“Situación de los NAMAs en los Países del Asia y Pacífic”
MIÉRCOLES, 3 DE AGOSTO DE 2011
IV SEMINARIO LATINOAMERICANO Y DEL CARIBE DE EFICIENCIA ENERGÉTICA
Rajiv Garg
Programme Officer, Climate Change Network,
ROAP, Bangkok
Scaling up mitigation and incentives for financing From single measures to sector wide efforts
Scale of Mitigation
Adapted from : The use of Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) in the building sector; 2011 Perspectives GmbH
NAMAs Potential identification and prioritization
Analysis of national context in terms of existing policies and programs and identification of appropriate and possible actions and opportunities in the sector
• Analysis and review of current GHG mitigation potential of possible actionswithin the sector with regards to co-benefits•Stakeholder consultations to discuss and refine options
Desk-review of studies/ regulatory text to draw out in detail the potential opportunities (as well as challenges) for NAMA supporting, e.g. MRV, financing requirements, barriers
Identification of most promising options and selection for NAMA formulation•Establishment of a priority list of mitigation measures / actions•Selection of action or set of action for NAMA formulation
Formulation of a concrete NAMA concept for the sector in terms of general scope, detailed measures, MRV approach and type of NAMA
Outreach to international donor agencies to seek support for NAMA•Capacity building on low carbon business plans/NAMAs
Adapted from : The use of Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) in the building sector; 2011 Perspectives GmbH
China : Views on NAMAs
• Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) by NA1 countries are coordinated with goals of sustainable development and poverty eradication;
• NAMAs by NA1 countries are distinct from mitigation commitments from A1 countries, in magnitude and legal nature as defined by BAP;
• Enhanced support from developed countries in new and additional financing, technology transfer and capacity building to enable enhanced actions by developing countries;
Autonomous Domestic Actions
• China will endeavor to lower its carbon dioxide emissions per
unit of GDP by 40‐45% by 2020 compared to the 2005 level;
• China will Increase the share of non‐fossil fuels in primary
energy consumption to around 15% by 2020;
• China will increase forest coverage by 40 million hectares and
forest stock volume by 1.3 billion cubic meters by 2020 from the
2005 levels;
• These autonomous domestic mitigation actions are voluntary in
nature and will be implemented in accordance with the principles
and provisions of the UNFCCC
Actions & Achievements
Korea
Efforts to Support Mitigation Goal
GHG Emissions & Energy Target Management
Scheme
Indian Mitigation Action: A Voluntary Action
• .. will endeavor to reduce emissions intensity of its GDP by 20‐25% by 2020 in comparison to the 2005 level.. (excludes agricultural emissions, which are not increasing).
• . As per this target, India’s non‐agricultural emissions are likely to be ~ 2.6 T/capita in 2020 (assuming 8% GDP growth), against the global energy emissions of 4.4 T/ capita (2005) and Annex‐I energy emissions of 12 T/ capita (2005).
Specific actions planned and underway• Coal cess (3.2 $ PPP/ton ) from 2010 resulting in annual fund ~ $ 2
Billion (PPP)• National Mission for Enhancing Energy Efficiency (NMEEE), with annual
saving of 25 MT CO2 by 2015.• Benefits and costs of some of the mitigation actions (NAMAs) are listed
below. The incremental cost of these NAMAs should be supported by Annex‐I parties, depending on ambition of their own targets.
Indonesia• Indonesia communicated that its voluntary NAMAs will reduce its GHG
emissions by 26 per cent by 2020.
• Indonesia added that this reduction would be achieved through, inter alia:
– (a) Sustainable peat land management;
– (b) A reduction in the rate of deforestation and land degradation;
– (c) The development of carbon sequestration projects in forestry and agriculture;
– (d) The promotion of energy efficiency;
– (e) The development of alternative and renewable energy sources;
– (f) A reduction in solid and liquid waste;
– (g) Shifting to low-emission modes of transport.
• Indonesia also communicated that its national action plan, aimed at
achieving the aforementioned emissions reduction, would be equipped with
a measurable, reportable and verifiable system in order to ensure that each
action receives the necessary level of funding.
Bangladesh• The power sector
– Old plants may be replaced.
– Improved and new technologies may be introduced
– Due to shortage of natural gas as primary fuel, it is becoming necessary to rely more on coal. In this case, use of clean coal technology is needed for mitigation
• Transport– Inefficient vehicles and engines to be replaced
– Mass transportation facilities may be expanded
• Agricultural sector– water-efficiency and energy efficiency to be improved
• Forestry– Afforestation, reforestation and forest management as sink
• Waste management
• Residential/commercial
– Efficient building design as well as more energy efficient
devices and equipment for lighting and cooling
– Efficient cooking stoves
• Industry
– Modernization and rehabilitation of old machinery as for
example: in urea fertilizer plants, sugar mills, power plants,
cement factories and brick kilns
• Renewable
– Use of more renewable energy: solar, wind
– Efficient methods of generating renewable energy
AOSIS
Other Countries • Afghanistan communicated that its NAMAs would include the preparation of its initial national communication,
including its national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory. The Party added that specific mitigation strategies and
activities appropriate to the national context would also form part of the initial national communication.
• Bhutan communicated that, with regard to NAMAs, it already sequesters more carbon than it emits, and that
the country has declared its intention to ensure that its emissions do not exceed its sequestration capacity.
• Cambodia it has been implementing a pilot project within the framework of reducing emissions from
deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries (REDD) since 2009, as part of its responsibility in
tackling climate change.
• Tajikistan : preparation of a GHG inventory; improvement of energy-efficient technologies in buildings and
constructions; Projects on capacity-building and technology transfer; development of low-carbon growth
through the introduction of renewable energy sources.
• Thank You
Rajiv Garg
Programme Officer, Climate Change NetworkEmail: [email protected]
http://unep.org/climatechange/mitigation/sean-cc/