“Situación de los NAMAs en los Países del Asia y Pacífic”

MIÉRCOLES, 3 DE AGOSTO DE 2011

IV SEMINARIO LATINOAMERICANO Y DEL CARIBE DE EFICIENCIA ENERGÉTICA

Rajiv Garg

Programme Officer, Climate Change Network,

ROAP, Bangkok

Scaling up mitigation and incentives for financing From single measures to sector wide efforts

Scale of Mitigation

Adapted from : The use of Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) in the building sector; 2011 Perspectives GmbH

NAMAs Potential identification and prioritization

Analysis of national context in terms of existing policies and programs and identification of appropriate and possible actions and opportunities in the sector

• Analysis and review of current GHG mitigation potential of possible actionswithin the sector with regards to co-benefits•Stakeholder consultations to discuss and refine options

Desk-review of studies/ regulatory text to draw out in detail the potential opportunities (as well as challenges) for NAMA supporting, e.g. MRV, financing requirements, barriers

Identification of most promising options and selection for NAMA formulation•Establishment of a priority list of mitigation measures / actions•Selection of action or set of action for NAMA formulation

Formulation of a concrete NAMA concept for the sector in terms of general scope, detailed measures, MRV approach and type of NAMA

Outreach to international donor agencies to seek support for NAMA•Capacity building on low carbon business plans/NAMAs

Adapted from : The use of Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) in the building sector; 2011 Perspectives GmbH

China : Views on NAMAs

• Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) by NA1 countries are coordinated with goals of sustainable development and poverty eradication;

• NAMAs by NA1 countries are distinct from mitigation commitments from A1 countries, in magnitude and legal nature as defined by BAP;

• Enhanced support from developed countries in new and additional financing, technology transfer and capacity building to enable enhanced actions by developing countries;

Autonomous Domestic Actions

• China will endeavor to lower its carbon dioxide emissions per

unit of GDP by 40‐45% by 2020 compared to the 2005 level;

• China will Increase the share of non‐fossil fuels in primary

energy consumption to around 15% by 2020;

• China will increase forest coverage by 40 million hectares and

forest stock volume by 1.3 billion cubic meters by 2020 from the

2005 levels;

• These autonomous domestic mitigation actions are voluntary in

nature and will be implemented in accordance with the principles

and provisions of the UNFCCC

Actions & Achievements

Korea

Efforts to Support Mitigation Goal

GHG Emissions & Energy Target Management

Scheme

Indian Mitigation Action: A Voluntary Action

• .. will endeavor to reduce emissions intensity of its GDP by 20‐25% by 2020 in comparison to the 2005 level.. (excludes agricultural emissions, which are not increasing).

• . As per this target, India’s non‐agricultural emissions are likely to be ~ 2.6 T/capita in 2020 (assuming 8% GDP growth), against the global energy emissions of 4.4 T/ capita (2005) and Annex‐I energy emissions of 12 T/ capita (2005).

Specific actions planned and underway• Coal cess (3.2 $ PPP/ton ) from 2010 resulting in annual fund ~ $ 2

Billion (PPP)• National Mission for Enhancing Energy Efficiency (NMEEE), with annual

saving of 25 MT CO2 by 2015.• Benefits and costs of some of the mitigation actions (NAMAs) are listed

below. The incremental cost of these NAMAs should be supported by Annex‐I parties, depending on ambition of their own targets.

Indonesia• Indonesia communicated that its voluntary NAMAs will reduce its GHG

emissions by 26 per cent by 2020.

• Indonesia added that this reduction would be achieved through, inter alia:

– (a) Sustainable peat land management;

– (b) A reduction in the rate of deforestation and land degradation;

– (c) The development of carbon sequestration projects in forestry and agriculture;

– (d) The promotion of energy efficiency;

– (e) The development of alternative and renewable energy sources;

– (f) A reduction in solid and liquid waste;

– (g) Shifting to low-emission modes of transport.

• Indonesia also communicated that its national action plan, aimed at

achieving the aforementioned emissions reduction, would be equipped with

a measurable, reportable and verifiable system in order to ensure that each

action receives the necessary level of funding.

Bangladesh• The power sector

– Old plants may be replaced.

– Improved and new technologies may be introduced

– Due to shortage of natural gas as primary fuel, it is becoming necessary to rely more on coal. In this case, use of clean coal technology is needed for mitigation

• Transport– Inefficient vehicles and engines to be replaced

– Mass transportation facilities may be expanded

• Agricultural sector– water-efficiency and energy efficiency to be improved

• Forestry– Afforestation, reforestation and forest management as sink

• Waste management

• Residential/commercial

– Efficient building design as well as more energy efficient

devices and equipment for lighting and cooling

– Efficient cooking stoves

• Industry

– Modernization and rehabilitation of old machinery as for

example: in urea fertilizer plants, sugar mills, power plants,

cement factories and brick kilns

• Renewable

– Use of more renewable energy: solar, wind

– Efficient methods of generating renewable energy

AOSIS

Other Countries • Afghanistan communicated that its NAMAs would include the preparation of its initial national communication,

including its national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory. The Party added that specific mitigation strategies and

activities appropriate to the national context would also form part of the initial national communication.

• Bhutan communicated that, with regard to NAMAs, it already sequesters more carbon than it emits, and that

the country has declared its intention to ensure that its emissions do not exceed its sequestration capacity.

• Cambodia it has been implementing a pilot project within the framework of reducing emissions from

deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries (REDD) since 2009, as part of its responsibility in

tackling climate change.

• Tajikistan : preparation of a GHG inventory; improvement of energy-efficient technologies in buildings and

constructions; Projects on capacity-building and technology transfer; development of low-carbon growth

through the introduction of renewable energy sources.

• Thank You

Rajiv Garg

Programme Officer, Climate Change NetworkEmail: Rajiv.garg@unep.org

http://unep.org/climatechange/mitigation/sean-cc/