THE INTEGUMENTAR

Y SYSTEM

DID YOU KNOW . . . .

In adults the skin covers an area of about 22 square feet

The skin is the largest organ in the body The skin weighs about 10-11 pounds House dust is mainly skin flakes! What hurts if you pull it, but doesn't hurt if

you cut it? Your hair, of course!

Skin is elastic - it springs back into shape when stretched.

Some medicines (estrogen, nicotine) can pass through the skin, but others cannot (insulin). Why is that? Because only fat-soluble substances

can enter the skin, not water-soluble ones.

THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM IS MADE UP OF

1. Skin2. Hair3. Nails4. Glands 5. Sensory

receptors

FUNCTIONS OF SKIN

1. Regulate body temperature

2. Protection3. Detects

sensations4. Excretes and

absorbs substances

5. Synthesizes vitamin D

LAYERS OF SKIN1. Epidermis

Layers of keratinized epithelial cells

Mostly dead cells

2. DermisSpecialized

structures

3. Subcutaneous layer (hypodermis)

What shape would the skin cells have? They would be stratified squamous

cells

NUMBER OF LAYERS

Seven

Thick vs ThinThicker in high

friction areas Ex. feet

SPECIALIZED CELLS WITHIN THE EPIDERMIS

Langerhans cellsRecognize foreign

cells Merkel cells and

Tactile disks Detect touch

MELANIN AND KERATIN

KeratinWaterproofs skin

MelaninProvides color and

UV protectionColor ranges from

yellow to black

HAIR Made up of dead

epidermal keratinized cellsWhat is the

function of hair?What is the

function of the arrector pili muscle?

Color produced by melaninWhat about white

or grey hair?

DO ANIMALS GET GOOSE BUMPS?

STRUCTURES WITHIN THE DERMIS

SWEAT GLANDS Eccrine sweat

gland Regulate body

tempRelease sweat in

response to emotion

Apocrine sweat glandsDo not function

until pubertySweat is odorlessWhere does BO come from?

ACNE

Acnehttp://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=lAx5gwhmsdo

What causes acne? Blackheads?

BODY AUGMENTATIONThe science of tattoos https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=DMuBif1mJz0

Face Lift http

://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hEJ2KnrOxSg

TATTOOS Which layer of

skin is ink deposited in? Why?

What would happen to a tattoo if the ink was injected into the epidermis? Explain your answer.

FACELIFT BEFORE AND AFTER

HEALTH RISKS OF BODY AUGMENTATION

1. Which trends are popular among your peers?

2. What are other forms of body augmentation?

3. What risks are involved with certain types of body augmentation?

Liposuction Cliphttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nfRsBijqS4E&oref=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DnfRsBijqS4E&has_verified=1

BODY AUGMENTATION

Elaine Davidson

HEALTH RISKS OF BODY AUGMENTATION

4. Should teens be allowed to augment their bodies? Why or why not?

Teen Plastic Surgery Clipshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iVf4uquOyXwhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sFAcgWOH2Mg

REMOVAL https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XGy

Yuz1aMGU https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=F2cLuvXoFjE

SKIN COLOR 3 pigments

MelaninHemoglobinCarotene

Sun Exposure: Necessary to

produce vitamin D Increased

exposure can lead to . . .?

CANCER

Overgrowth of cellsSizeQuantity

What happens?DNA damage leads

cell cycle not working correctly

NAILS Hard dead

keratinized cells Why is the nail

body pink but the lanula a whitish color?

FACT OR FICTIONhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4iJVWMR4Uq0&list=PL6SJY8-nLqZousdoE53-Al4O_XAOR9CjA

The Fugate Family

Paul Karason

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ahihGKZC5Kk

SKIN AS AN INDICATOR Cyanotonic

Blood is not picking up enough oxygen

Skin turns bluish-purple

Erythmea Redness of skinCapillaries

engorged with blood

Heat, infection, inflammation, etc.

JAUNDICE Yellow skin and

whites of the eyes

Excess bilirubin in blood

Indicates liver disease in adults

What about infants?

INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM DISORDERS POSTER

BURNS http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=CNQ_uW66LfU

What can cause skin to be burned?

1st degree burns

2nd degree burns

3rd degree burns

TYPES OF BURNS

RULE-OF-NINES

TREATMENT OF BURNS1st and 2nd

Cool burnCover with gauzePain reliever

3rd

Don’t coolDon’t remove

clothingElevate burnt partCover

SKIN GRAFT Needed when the

stratum basale and stem cells are destroyed.

Is a transfer of healthy skin to a donor site

Describe the process of a skin graft

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ZYrw2fYk8U&oref=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D7ZYrw2fYk8U&has_verified=1

SKIN AND WATER Wrinkles during

prolonged exposureSebum is washed

away Why does the

skin get “puffy”?Dead cells swell,

living do notProvide surface

area to grip objects

CASE STUDY #1 You attempt to re-warm a hypothermic

patient using hot water and zip-lock bags. Your attempt was thwarted when you attempted to remove the zip-lock which had adhered to the skin. The skin in the affected areas was removed when you took the bag off. The bags were placed over the entire body except the head, neck and perineum.

What percentage of the body was burned? Which degree burn did your patient suffer from?

CASE STUDY #2 A toddler spills a steaming cup-o-

noodles over her the left side of her head and her left anterior torso. She develops blistering, redness and intense pain over the affected areas of her body. She later develops a fungal infection.

a) What percentage of her body is burned?

b) Which degree burn is she suffering from?

CASE STUDY #3 A boiler explodes and burns an

unsuspecting victim who has walked by mid-blast. His entire body is burned with the exception of his perineum and right anterior thigh.

What percentage of his body is burned? Which degree is burn is your patient suffering from?

CASE STUDY #4 A mechanic is working on a car. Gas is

accidentally sprayed on his arm which then catches fire. He was wearing a jacket at the time of the accident, which ended up being burned into his skin.

a) Would it be wise to attempt to remove the jacket from his body? Why or why not?

b) What percentage of his body has been burned?

c) Which degree of burn is your patient suffering from?