Imperialism- extension of a nation’s power over other lands Imperialism after 1880 “new...
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New Imperialism
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What is Imperialism?
Imperialism- extension of a nation’s power over other lands Imperialism after 1880 “new
Imperialism” Focused on controlling lands▪ Making the imperializing nation more
powerful
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Who Imperialized?
Mostly European Nations Great Britain, France, Netherlands,
Germany, Portugal, Italy, Belgium, and Spain▪ U.S. joined later▪ Imperialized Cuba, Hawaii, and the Philippines
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Why did they Imperialize?
Control lands Social Darwinism/Racism, believed
they were better than those they conquered
Raw materials/improved economy gold, diamonds, tin, rubber, oil, spices,
tea, coffee, timber, and sugar Spread Christianity
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Where did they Imperialize?
Africa- all but 2 countries Annex- bring territory into an existing
state Asia- India and Southeast Asia Latin America
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U.S. Imperialism
As the U.S. industrialized, many Americans took interest in the new imperialism Needed new markets to keep economy
strong Many Americans believed
imperialism to be a part of manifest destiny Expansion went past the Pacific
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Perry Open Japans
Commodore Matthew Perry took four American warships into Tokyo Bay on July 8, 1853 Forced Japanese to sign a treaty opening
two ports for trade▪ Simoda and Hakodadi
Read pg. 523 Annexing Hawaii
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Annexing Hawaii
Hawaii was discovered by whaling ships and merchant vessels crossing the Pacific Discovered sugar cane grew well▪ Sugar cane plantations were established on
the island Recession hit Hawaii hard in 1872-> U.S.
stepped in and helped by exempting tariffs on sugar from Hawaii (trade treaty)▪ Led to building of naval base at Pearl Harbor▪ Led to a boom in sugar and fruit industry
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Annexing Hawaii
Planters forced a new constitution on the king of Hawaii▪ Limited his power and increased planters’ power▪ Angered Hawaiians feared they were losing country
In 1890, Congress passed the McKinley Tariff▪ Eliminated all duties on sugar-> caused Hawaiian sugar
price ↑ ▪ Hawaiian economy↓
In 1891, Queen Liliuokalani took throne▪ Disliked American influence in her country▪ In January of 1893, tried to impose a new constitution and give all
power back to her▪ failed
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Annexing Hawaii
Planters overthrew the monarchy with the help of Marines President Cleveland refused to annex
Hawaii was against Imperialism▪ Wanted to restore Liliuokalani ▪ Hawaiian people refused wanted to be
annexed▪ Pres. McKinley annexed Hawaii in 1898
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U.S. Builds a Modern Navy
Read pg. 524 Answer Questions below. Discuss three international crises that
almost led to war. Why did the U.S. want to build up a
Navy? How did Alfred T. Mahan express his
argument for building up a navy? What two U.S. senators pushed for a
navy? What ideas came together leading to the
eventual building up of a U.S. navy?
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How did they control their new lands?
1. Protectorates- controlled land depended on
controlling country for protection2. Indirect rule- colonial gov’t where
local rulers were allowed to maintain positions of power (answered to ruling country)
3. Direct rule- colonial gov’t where local rulers were removed from power and were replaced by rulers from mother country