Post on 03-Apr-2018
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YEARLY PLAN
BIOLOGY FORM 5
2013
WEEK MONTH/ LEARNING OBJECTIVES SUGGESTED LEARNING ACTIVITIES NOTES
THEME : PHYSIOLOGY OF LIVING THINGS
LEARNING AREA :
1.0. TRANSPORT
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January1
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1.1.Understanding the importance ofhaving a transport system in some
multicellular organisms
1.2. Synthesising the concept of
circulatory system
1.3 Understanding themechanism of blood
clotting.
Carry out activities toa) Correlate different sizes of cubes
to total surface area/volume
(TSA/V) ratio,b) Discuss how the TSA/V ratio
affects the movement of solutes tothe interior of cubes,
c) Relate the outcome of a) and b) tothe problem faced by multicellular
organism,d) Suggest way to improve the
movement of solutes to the interiorof cubes without changing the size
of cubese) Explain why there is a need for a
transport system in somemulticellular organism.
Discuss the following :a) What is a circulatory system
b) the three components of the
circulatory system that is medium,vessel and pump.
c) Blood and haemolymph as amedium of transport.
d) The composition of human blood.e) The function of blood and
haemolymph in transport.f) The structure of human blood
vessel: arteries, veins andcapillaries.
g) The basic structure and function ofthe human heart.
h) The circulation of blood in
humans in terms of :* pumping of the heart* contraction of skeletal
muscles around veins,
i) The regulatory mechanisme ofblood pressure.
Use schematic diagrams to compare the
circulatory system in the following :humans, fish and amphibians.
Visualise and draw concept maps on thecirculatory system in humans.
Show photomicrographs of blood clots.Discuss the necessity for
blood clotting with respect to :a) preventing serious blood loss,
b) preventing the entry ofmicroorganism and foreign
particles,
As compared tounicellular organisms
Only a brief descriptionof human blood vessels
is required.Cardiac cycle is notrequired.
Baroreceptors in theaorta and carotid arterieare mentioned.
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Cuti Peristiwa13.2.2013
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1.4 Synthesising the concept of
lymphatic system.
1.5 Understanding the role of
the circulatory system inbody defence mechanism.
1.6 Appreciating a healthycardiovascular system
1.7 Understanding the transport
of substances in plants.
c) maintaining blood pressure,
d) maintaining circulation of blood ina closed circulatory system.
Use a schematic diagram to illustrate themechanism of blood clotting.
Predict the consequences of blood clottingrelated prolems such as haemophilia orthrombosis.
Dr aw a schematic diagram on the formationof interstitial fluid and lymph, and discussthe following :
a) spaces between cellsb) materials from blood capillaries
entering this spaces,c) composition of interstitial fluid,
d) the importance of interstitial,e) the need for interstitial fluid to
return to the circulatory systemdirectly or via the lymphatic
system.Discuss the following:
a) the structure of the lymphatic
system,b) the flow of lymph,c) the role of lymphatic system in
transport.
Discuss the necessity for a body defencemechanism in humans.
Gather information and discuss:a) first line of defence skin,
mucous membrane.
b) Second line defence phagocyticwhite blood cells,
c) Third line of defence lymphocytes.
Draw and label the various stage of
phagocytosis.Discuss the following :
a) antigens and antibodies, immunityand immunisation.
b) How antigens and antibody arerelated to immunity,
c) The various type of immunity active immunity and passive
immunityGroup discussion and present the findings :
a) the effects of HIV on the bodysimmune system,
b) transmission of HIV,c) prevention of AIDS
Research and discuss nuitrition and lifestyle
which can lead to a healthy cardiovascularsystem
Discuss the following :a) the necessity for transport of
substances in plants,b) the problem that could be faced by
plants in transporting substancesand how it is overcome in plants.
Carry out the activities:
With the exception ofthoracic duct and rightlymphatic duct, specific
names of lymph vesselsand lymph nodes are norequired
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1.8 Synthesising the concepts of
transport of substances in
plants
a) to show the presence of xylem as a
continuous tube system totransport water and minerals,
b) prepare slides and look at the crosssection (XS) and longitudinal
section (LS) of a dicot stem,c) study prepared slides of XS of
stem, root and leaf of a dicot plant,and draw plan diagrams.
Discuss :a) the transport of organic substances
in plants,
b) the importance of translocation inplants.
Group discussion and present the finding:
a) the process of transpiration,b) the importance of transpiration,
c) the pathway of water from soil toleaves using a schematic diagram,
d) the external conditions affectingthe rate of transpiration
Design and conduct experiment to study the
factors affecting the rate of transpiration,a) air movement
b) temperature,
c) light intensityd) relative humidity
Discuss and draw a concept map of themovement of water in plants in terms of the
following: osmosis, transpiration pull,cohesion and adhesion of water, opening andclosing of stomata, root pressure.
Mechanism to explaintranslocation is notrequired.
THEME : PHYSIOLOGY OF LIVING THINGS
LEARNING AREA:
2.0. LOCOMOTION AND SUPPORT
9 March1
2.1. Understanding support and locomotionin humans and animals
1.Group discussion on :a) the necessity for support and
locomotionb) the problems that could be faced
c) how the above problems areovercome
2. Study a model of human skeleton to
identify :a) axial skeleton
b) appendicular skeleton
3. Observe a chicken wing to note theposition and nature of muscles,
ligaments and tendons
4. Draw and label a simple diagram ofan arm to show the arrangement of
bones, skeletal muscles and tendons
5. Briefly discuss:a) how the bones, skeletal muscles,
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2.2. Appreciating a healthy musculoskeletal
system
2.3. Understanding support in plants
tendons and joints bring about
movement in the arm or leg.b) the necessity of nerve impulses in
skeletal muscle contractionc) the antagonistic action of skeletal
musclesd) all muscle has two primary
proteinse) source of energy is from ATP
produced in adjacent mitochondriaf) the function of cartilage andsynovial fluid at joints
6. Observe and discuss the mechanismof locomotions in an earthworm,grasshopper, fish or bird
7. Discuss and present findings onmuscle cramp, osteoporosis,
muscular dystrophy and arthritis
1. Discuss and share ways of caring fir
the musculoskeletal system such as:
a) following a balance dietb) having a good posturec) using a proper attire for daily
activitiesd) taking appropriate precautions
during vigorous activitiese) practicing correct and safe
exercise techniques
1. Discuss the following :a) the necessity for support in plants
b) what could be the support-relatedproblems faced by
i. aquatic plantsii. terrestrial plants
c) how is support achieved
2. Carry out the following activities:a) study the adaptations for support
in floating aquatic plantsb) study prepared slides of cross-
sections of old stems to identifytissue that help in support
c) investigate how support inherbaceous plant is achieved
without woody tissue
The Sliding Filame
Model of MuscContraction is nrequired.
Only a simple accountrequired.
THEME : PHYSIOLOGY OF LIVING THINGS
EARNING AREA :
3.0 COORDINATION AND RESPONSE
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PertengahanPenggal 1)
April
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2
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3.1. Understanding response andcoordination
3.2 Analysing the role of human nervoussystem
Carry out small group discussion on thefollowing and present the findings:
a) External stimuli, eg light, sound smell,
taste, temperature, pressure and touch.b) Internal stimuli eg sugar level in the
blood and osmotic pressure of blood.c) The necessity for living organisms to
respond to stimuli
Carry out activities to study:a) Human and animal responses to
external and internal environmentb) Plant responses to external
environment.
View computer simulations on the pathwayin detecting and responding to external and
internal stimuli in humans and animals anddraw schematic diagrams involving the
main components.
Discuss what is meant by coordination
Discuss the role of nervous system.
Draw a diagram to show the organization ofthe nervous system.
View graphic of the brain and label the
main parts and state their respectivefunctions.
Draw and label diagrams of a cross section
of the spinal cord.
Discuss the main functions of the spinalcord.
Draw and label the structure of the efferent
neurone ( nucleus, cell body, cytoplasm,dendrites, axon, synaptic dendrites, myelinsheath )
Identify and discuss the function of threetypes of neurone.
View computer animations on transmission
of information in the form of electricsignals.
Discuss the mode of transmission of
information along the neurone.
Draw a schematic diagram to show thepathway of transmission of information and
discuss the following:a) Reception of stimuli by receptors
b) From receptors to the central nervoussystem
c) Integration and interpretation by hecentral nervous system
d) From the central nervous system to the
Main components areceptors, integrati
centre and effectors.
Afferent and efferentpathways are involved.
In regulating internal
environment, negative
feedback is involved.
The part of the brain to b
studied:
Cerebellum
Cereberum
Medulla
oblongata
Pituitary
Hypothalamus
Thalamus
Cross section of spinalcord:
Grey matter
White matter
Dorsal root
Ventral root
Spinal nerve
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effectors
e) Response by the effectors.
Draw and labels a simple diagram of asynapse
a) Conduct small group discussionon the following:
b) Transmission of information
across the synapsec) The role of synapse intransmission.
Discuss voluntary action and involuntaryaction with examples.
Discuss the following:
a) Voluntary action eg raising yourhand to answer a question
b) Involuntary action involvingskeletal muscle eg knee jerk.
c) Involuntary action involvingsmooth muscle, cardiac muscle,
or glands eg normal blood
pressure.
Work in small groups to draw a schematic
diagrams of a reflex arc.
Visit homes for the aged.Show compassion towards senior citizens
and patients with Alzheimers andParkinsons diseases.
Conditional reflects is norequired.
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3.3 Analysing the role of hormones in
humans
Carry out small group discussion on the
following and present the findings:a) What a hormone is
b) What the endocrine system isc) Why the endocrine system is
necessary, despite having the nervoussystem
d) The physiological processes which arenot directly regulated by the nervoussystem eg menstrual cycle,development of the secondary sex
characteristics, growth etc.e) How the endocrine system
complement the nervous system.
Carry out group activity to label the mainglands of the endocrine system.
Name the main hormones by each
endocrine glands.
Match the hormones with their functions inthe following physiological processes:
Reproduction
Growth
Homeostasis
Discuss how secretion of a hormone can be
regulated by :a) Another hormone eg thyroid
The main hormonesrequired are:
Follicle stimulating
hormone (FSH)
Luteinising hormon
(LH)
Estrogen
Progesterone
Androgens
Growth hormones
Thyroid-stimulatin
hormones (TSH)
Thyroxin
Insulin
Glucagon
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stimulating hormone (TSH)
b) Level of certain substances eg glucosec) Nervous system
Discuss the involvement of both the
nervous system and the endocrine system ina fight or fight situation.( involvingadrenalin)
Carry out small group discussion on thefollowing and present the findings on :a) The effects imbalance of thyroxin,
growth hormone, antidiuretic hormone
and insulin.b) The use of hormone in the treatment of
diabetic mellitus and dwarfism
Antidiuretic
hormones
Adrenaline
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homeostasis in human.Dsicuss the following:a) Physical factors body temperature
and blood pressure
b) Chemical factors partial pressure ofoxygen and carbon dioxide, osmotic
pressure and sugar level.
c) The necessity to maintain an optimalphysical and chemical condition in theinternal environment.
Draw a schematic diagram on the action of
ADH and discuss the following:a) The process of osmoregulation by the
kidneys.b) Negative feedback control in
osmoregulation.
Gather information and discuss thefollowing:
a) Haemodialysisb) Kidney donation and kidney transplant
Recall, discuss and draw a concept map interms of :
Blood sugar level
Body temperature
Partial pressure of O2 and CO2
Blood pressure
Regulation of the physicand chemical factors ininternal environment is
vital for survival.
24 43.5 Practising a healthy life style Show pictures of drug addicts and
alcoholics, then discuss drugs and alcohols
abuse.
Research and report on:a) effects of drugs and alcohol abuse
such as on the nervous system.b) Social factors that can lead to drug and
alcohol abuse.
Attend talks on drug and alcohol abuse.
Participate in anti-drug abuse and anti-alcohol abuse campaign.
Only a simple account isrequired.
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1 3.6 Understanding plant hormones Research and report on:a) The meaning of plant hormone
b) Plant hormones eg auxins and ethylenec) Effect of auxins based on scientific
findings on phototropismd) Role of auxin in phototropism and
geotropisme) The use on hormones in agriculture
Ethylene is also known aethane
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4.1 Analysing gamete formation
4.2 Analysing the role of hormones inmenstrual cycle
Discuss the following about reproduction: :a) The necessity to reproduce
b) the two types of reproductionc) the necessity for formation of
gametes
Study diagrams of the stages in theformation of a sperm and an ovum.
Compare the formation with that of ovum.
Discuss the following :a. What menstruation is
b. The relation betweenmenstruation and menstrual cycle
c. The importance of the menstrualcycle
d. Hormones involved in themenstrual cycle/
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4.3 Understanding the early development ofa zygote in humans
Study diagrams, and discuss the effect of hormonallevel on the following :
a) Follicle development,b) Ovulation
c) Formation of corpus luteum,d) Thickness of the indometrium.
Discuss the following :a. premenstrual syndrome
b. Menopause
Use diagram and computer simulationto discuss the following :
a. the formation of zygote
b. the early development of azygote as the formation of a
ball of cells becomesimplanted in the wall of the
uterus,
c. identify morula and blastocystfrom the diagrams given
d. formation of identical twins,fraternal twins and Siamesetwins
Illustrate how identical and fraternal twinsare formed an give some differences betweenthem.
Research and report on ;
a) function of the placenta in foetal
development
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b) the advantages of fetus having a
separate circulatory system fromthat of the mother
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4.4 Appreciating the contribution of science
and technology to humans reproduction
4.5 Synthesising the concept of sexual
reproduction in flowering plants
4.6Understanding growth in multicellularorganisms
Research and report on :
a. family planningb. sperms bankc. Artificial insemination
d. In vitro fertilizatione. Surrogate mother
f. Sexually transmitted diseases
Examine a flower to identify :
a. various flower partsb. the structures which produce male
and female reproductive cells
Draw diagrams to show the stages in theformation of ;
a. pollen grains from pollen mothercells
b. embryo sac from embryo sacmother cell
Describe briefly what happens at each stage
in both a) and b)
Conduct an activity to observe thegermination of pollen grains in sugar
solution.
Discuss the following :a) The formation of two male nuclei
from the generative nucleus
b) The formation of a zygotec) The formation of triploid nucleus
Discuss and draw a concept map of doublefertilization in flowering plant.
Examine the structure of fruits e.g. mango,long beans and relate them to the flower
parts:
a) seed from the ovuleb) seed coat from the integumentc) fruit from the ovary
Discuss the importance of doublefertilization for survival of flowering plants.
Discuss the necessity for growth.
Carry out small group discussion on group interm of :
a) growth being irreversible processb) increase in the number of cells
c) increase in cell sized) cell differentiation
Study diagrams or prepared slides to identify
the growth zones at root tip and shoot tip.
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4.7 Understanding the growth curve
4.8 Understanding primary and secondary
growth in plants.
Generate ideas on the appropriate parametersused in the measurement of growth.
Conduct an activity to study the growth of
a plant e.g. onion, maize or balsam.
Study and interpret the data on growth inhumans and discuss the following:
a) the shape of growthcurveb) phases of growthc) the relationship between
the phases of growth andthe growth curve
Study and interpret a growth curve of insect
and relate the shape of the curve to itsgrowth.
Discuss the types of growth in plants.
Conduct a field study to identify plants that
undergo primary and secondary growth.
Examine prepared slides or diagrams of across section of a young stem, matured stem,
young root, matured root in dicots to identifythe primary and secondary tissues.
Research and report on the following :
a) relate primary growth to heightsupport and transport ofsubstances.
b) Relate secondary growth to
additional support and transportc) State the importance of growth
vascular cambium and corkcambium to secondary growth
d) Compare plant that undergosecondary growth with those that
do not,e) The economic importance of plants
that undergo secondary growth
THEME: VARIATION AND INHERITANCE
LEARNING AREA: 1.0 INHERITANCE
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Cuti PertengahanPenggal 27-18.8.2013
Hari RayaAidilfitri8-9.8.20
Week 3
1.1Synthesising the concept of inheritance basedon Mendels experiment
Discuss the following base on examples:
a) Inheritance,b) Characters and traits
Study diagrams showing the results of Mendels
monohybrid cross experiment, then discuss thefollowing:
a) characters and traits in Mendelexperiments,
b) there is a heriditary factor thatdetermines a particular character,
c) dominant traits and recessive traits,d) genes and alleles,
e) dominant alleles and recessive alleles,f) phenotypes and genotype,g) homozygote and heterozygoteh) phenotypic ratio and genotypic ratio in
the first and second filial generation,
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1.2 Understanding inheritance
i) the importance of meiosis 1 in the
segregation of alleles,j) meaning of monohybrid inheritance.
Conduct an activity using coloured buttons/ beans
to illustrate Mendels First Law.
Discuss Mendels First Law as The Law ofSegregation.
Study diagrams showing the results of Mendelsdihybrid cross experiment, then discuss thefollowing:
Study diagrams showing the results of Mendelsdihybrid cross experiment, then discuss thefollowing:
a) meaning of hybrid inheritance,
b) the importance of meiosis in terms ofindependent assortment of chromosomes.
Discuss Mendels Second Law as The Law of
Independent Assortment
Discuss:
a) blood groups and Rhesus factor (Rhfactor),
b) inheritance of ABO blood group in
humans
Examine a drawing of a micrograph of humanchromosomes and:
a) determine the numbers of chromosomesb) arrange the homologous pairs based on
the location of the centromere and size
of chromosome.c) Identify autosomes and sex
chromosomes.
Compare the karyotypes of a normal human beingwith that of a person with that of a person with
Downs syndrome.
Draw a schematics diagrams to show thefollowing:
a) sex determination in off springs,b) sex-linked inheritance of haemophilia
and colour blindness.
Gather information and discuss:a) hereditary diseases such as thalassaemia,
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1.3 Understanding genes and chromosomes Research and report on:
a) unit of inheritance,b) the location of genes.
Construct a model of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)and discuss the following:
a) structure of nucleotides,b) structure of polynucleotides,c) double helix structure of DNA.
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Draw a schematic diagrams and relate how a trait ismanifested from the basic unit of inheritance interms of:
a) chromosome to DNA
b) DNA to genec) Gene to proteind) Protein to the trait of an organism.
Research and report on the following:a) DNA fingerprinting,b) Human genome project,c) Potential of stem cell research
d) Genetic engineering,i) gene therapy,ii) genetically modified
organisms,
iii) genetically modified foodiv) medicine (production of
insulin)Discuss the implication of the above to mankind.
Conduct a forum or debate on ethical and moral
issues in the application of knowledge in genetics.
Visit research centres that conduct research ingenetic engineering.
LEARNING AREA: 2.0 VARIATION
2.1 Understanding variation in organisms
2.2 Understanding the cause of variation
1)
Discuss the importance of variation in
organisms
Conduct on activity to investigate
variation in humans and present the datagraphically.
2) Discuss:
a) Continuous variationb) discontinuous variation based on the graphs
Compare continuous and discontinuous
variation
1) Discuss :
a) The cause of variation in terms of:
i) genetic factorsii) environmental factors
b) The effects of genetic factor on variation
2) a) Conduct an activity such as
i) role - playing orii) model - building to show the processof genetics recombination.
c) Conduct an activity to study effects ofdifferent environment factors on thevariation of plants
3) Discuss the following:
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2.3 Be respectful towards one another despitevariation
a) Chromosomes mutation
b) gene mutationc) examples of mutation and mutagensd) the importance of variation in the Survivalof a species
Participate in games and club activitiesinvolving individuals from various ethnicgroups.
Conduct a sketch to show respect for allGods creation.
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SeptSPM TRIAL EXAMINATION
REVISION
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Oct REVISION
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November
Cuti AkhirTahun
16.11-31.12.
SPM EXAMINATION
45464748
Disember SPM EXAMINATION
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