Post on 09-Aug-2015
WIMAX
THE ULTIMATE WIRELESS SOLUTION
Prepared by Aninda Bhowmik ID:MCSE04405019
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING STAMFORD UNIVERSITY BANGLADESH
FEBRUARY 2013
Prepared for Md. Firoz Mridha Lecturer & Supervisor
Defining WiMAX Technology & Its Basics
WiMAX(Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is a
telecommunication technology aimed at providing wireless data
over long distances in a variety of ways, from point-to-point
links to full mobile cellular type access. WiMAX is a wireless
digital communications system, also known as IEEE 802.16 that
is intended for wireless "metropolitan area networks". WiMAX
can provide broadband wireless access (BWA) up to 30 miles (50
km) for fixed stations, and 3 - 10 miles (5 – 15) for mobile
station. WiMAX is a second-generation protocol that allows for
more efficient bandwidth use, interference avoidance, and is
intended to allow higher data rates over longer distances.
WiMAX System Consists of Two Parts
A WiMAX Tower, similar in concept to a cell-phone tower - A single WiMAX tower can provide coverage to a very large area -- as big as 3,000 square miles (~8,000 square km).
A WiMAX Receiver - The receiver and antenna could be a small box or PCMCIA card, or they could be built into a laptop the way WiFi access is today.
How does WiMAX work?
Fig 1: How does WiMAX work?
WiMax Technology Consists of Three Levels
Transmission Level: Concept of the Cables. Concept of Microwave of different frequency bandwidth Different Stations for transmission technology Classification of Diversity Reception Fiber Optic Cable
Radio Level: Different types of BTS (Base Transceiver Station) model WiMax towers ASN’s(Access Service Network) Profile C architecture ASN’s access point Base Control Unit ASN’s system specification ASN’s Portal EMS (Element Management System) platform specification.
Core Level: WiMax CSN architecture Different connectivity & services Roaming, Hot-lining, IP connectivity
Uses of WiMAX Technology
The bandwidth and reach of WiMAX make it suitable for the following potential applications:Providing a wireless alternative to cable and DSL for last mile broadband access. Providing high-speed data and telecommunications services. Providing a diverse source of Internet connectivity as part of a business continuity plan. That is, if a business has a fixed and a wireless Internet connection, especially from unrelated providers, they are unlikely to be affected by the same service outage. Providing nomadic connectivity.
Different cello phone companies are now working to provide their best technologies cello phone to the users’ hands under WiMAX technology
WiMax System Architecture
The WiMAX Forum has defined an architecture that defines how a WiMAX network connects with other networks:
SS/MS: the Subscriber Station/Mobile Station
ASN: the Access Service Network
BS: Base station, part of the ASN
ASN-GW: the ASN Gateway, part of the ASN
CSN: the Connectivity Service Network
HA: Home Agent, part of the CSN
AAA: AAA Server, part of the CSN
NAP: a Network Access Provider
NSP: a Network Service Provider
Fig 2: Profile C
Architecture
Access Service Network(ASN)
Access Service Network (ASN), a concept in the mobile WiMAX
network, provides full mobility, seamless handoffs, Quality of
Service, security and subscriber/connection/resource management.
The ASN Gateway provides a critical piece of the end-to-end WiMAX
network architecture connecting the WiMAX radio access network to
a common IP core and offering a centralized platform for those
functions best served by localized management including security
and mobility management.
ASN Reference Model containing multiple ASN-GW
R1: Reference point between MS and BS: implements IEEE 802.16e-2005. R2: Reference point between MS and ASN-GW or CSN: logical interface used for
authentication, authorization, IP host configuration and mobility management R3: Reference point between ASN and CSN: supports AAA, policy enforcement,
and mobility-management capabilities. Implements tunnel between ASN and CSN. R4: Reference point between ASN and ASN:
used for MS mobility across ASNs. R5: Reference point between CSN and CSN:
used for internetworking between home and visited network R6: Reference point between BS and ASN:
Implements intra-ASN tunnels and used for
control plane signaling. R7: Reference point between data and control plane
in ASN-GW: used coordination between data and
control plane in ASN-GW. R8: Reference point between BS and BS:
used for fast and seamless handover
Fig 3: ASN reference model containing ASN-GW
Functions of Access Service Network(ASN):
Network discovery and selection of the preferred CSN/NSP. Network entry with IEEE 802.16e-2005 based layer 2
connectivity and AAA proxy. Relay function for IP Connectivity. Radio Resource Management. Multicast and Broadcast Control. Intra-ASN mobility. Foreign agent functionality for inter-ASN mobility Paging and Location Management. Accounting assistance. Data forwarding Service flow authorization
Core Service Network (CSN)
The CSN consists of various functions within the core data
network and forms an integral part of an end-to-end WiMAX
network that is in accordance with 802.16e standards.
CSN architecture includes:
DNS/DHCPMobile home agent(HA)AAA(authentication, authorization & accounting)Prepaid serverHot lining application server Billing Policy functionBorder gateway
WiMax CSN Architecture
Fig 4: Core Service Network(CSN) architecture
Functions comprises with CSN
AAA: Provides authentication, accounting, authorization, management of users’ service profiles and data records for billing WiMAX subscribers
DNS/DHCP server: Provides initial IP Address look-up and allocation for WiMAX Mobile Stations
Home Agent (HA): Provides Mobile- IP functionality that allows traffic to mobile devices to be routed transparently to the ASN Gateway and is also the anchor for WiFi access points
Routers: Fundamental for routing and aggregating traffic within the CSN and across multiple ASN networks
Firewall/NAT: Critical multi-layer packet inspection for extra protection from advanced hackers and attackers
WiMax Installation
WiMax Transmitter Wimax Base
Fig 5: Wimax Transmitter
Fig 6: WiMax Base
WiMax Installation
The device Called SDA is used which is a switch providing the base -98 VDC power supply, and 9/90BaseT interface with the subscriber's PCs/network.
Fig 7: Power Device for WiMAX Base
WiMax Installation
Fig 8: Connection between Power Device with WiMAX Base and PC/router
WiMax Installation
Fig 9: Wimax Antena
WiMax Installation
Fig 10: Hexagonal cellular system model
I have done a Study work which is setting up fixed WiMAX installation in Dhaka Metropolitan Area. We maintain the following consideration,
Used frequency: 3.11 GHzNumber of Base Stations: 3Sector in each base station: 3 (Each sector cover 120 degree)
Name of the Base Stations:Pirozali Base StationZia International Base StationNarayangonj base Station Client Information: Client B (Located in Gazipur)Client C (Located in Motijheel)
WiMax Deployment in Dhaka
WiMax Deployment in Dhaka
Fig 11: Distance of 3 Base Station
WiMax Deployment in Dhaka
Fig 12: Theoretically Three Base Station
WiMax Deployment in Dhaka
Fig 13: Connectivity between Pirzoli Base station with client B
WiMax Deployment in Dhaka
Fig 14: Site Survey Report
WiMax Model Network Design
Problem: The Final WiMax design to support 10,000 subscribers distributed in an area of 50 sq-km & the subscribers are provided 128 kbps data each.
Solution: As to depict the whole calculation & design of WiMax model network, Solution gives us the way to drive the whole calculation specifically to build a strong connection. ASN Gateway calculation: As we should calculate the bandwidth & discuss the specification of ASN then we’ve to calculate the area, total subscriber in the area & the bytes that are passed in this area per second.
As we’re given that Subscriber = 10,000Area = 50 square km128 kbps data speed per subscriber10:1 active ratio For the radio frequency we chose the bandwidth 5MHz & the bands 3.5 GHz.
Now to calculate the ASN gateway we see at first that to select area. As we know the formula of Area, A= πr²Let, Propagation radius r = 1 kmCoverage area of a single BTS, A = 3.14 * 1² = 3.14 sq-km
So as mentioned area=50 sq-km given then,The number of BTS required the Coverage = 50/3.14 = 16(approx)From the given specification,
Total subscriber = 10,000Total active subscriber = 10,000 10 = 1,000
WiMax Model Network Design
Total simultaneous data throughput = 1,000 * 128 kbps = 128000 kbps = 128 Mbps1 BTS supports = 18 Mbps Number of BTS required for capacity = 128 / 18 = 8
Now per km as a sector where under 5-10 Mhz bandwidth 18 Mbps data is generated. For the region purpose if bandwidth & data speed range is multiply 4 times then we get
16 BTS is needed to cover the whole area. If these BTS are installed in a perfect
manner & range then we can figure out a required network configuration.
WiMax Model Network Design
Total BTS = 16 Micro Wave unit = 16
Microwave HUB = 4
Optical fiber range = (5 + 5 + 4 +2) = 16 Km Fig15: Omni Directional
MUX = 1
So finally after the whole configuration in act the ASN gateway receives:18*16 = 288 Mbps data, which will pass through the CSN.
WiMax Model Network Design
r=1 km
WiMax Model Network Design
Fig 16: WiMax Model Network Design
THANK YOU
WIMAX THE ULTIMATE WIRELESS SOLUTION