WiMAX and Broadband Wireless

8/9/2019 WiMAX and Broadband Wireless

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www.maravedis-bwa.com

Copyright September 2006 Maravedis Inc. 1


665 Guy Suite 6Montreal, QC, Canada H3J 2V5

Tel: (305) 865-1006(786) 347-5580

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[email protected]

WiMAX and Broadband Wireless(Sub-11GHz) Worldwide Market Analysis

and Trends 2006-2012

September 2006 (4th Edition)

Authors: Adlane Fel lah & Robert SyputaResearch Assistant: Cint ia Garza


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Copyright September 2006Maravedis Inc

All data contained in this report is proprietary to Maravedis Inc and may not bedistributed in either original or reproduced form to anyone outside the clients internalorganization within five years of the report date without prior permission of Maravedis

Inc. The material contained herein is for individual use of the purchasing Licensee andmay not be distributed to any other person or entity by such Licensee including, withoutlimitation, to persons with the same corporate or other entity as such Licensee, withoutthe express written permission of Licensor.

Maravedis Inc makes no warranties express or implied as to the results to be obtainedfrom use of this report and make no warranties express or implied of merchantability orfitness for a particular purpose. Maravedis Inc shall have no liability to the recipient ofthis report to any third party for any indirect, incidental, special or consequentialdamages arising out of use of this report.

Maravedis return Policy:

Downloaded or sent reports in any format are not refundable, nor credited under anycircumstances. It is the responsibility of the sole buyer to verify through the Table ofContents and the Executive Summary that the report fits its information needs.


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Scope of the Study

The present study will provide guidance on the following main topics:

WIMAX/BWA Spectrum:

Licensing Information: Who are the most active service providers holdingBWA/WIMAX spectrum?

Regulation: What are the regulatory trends for BWA/WIMAX in each region?What services can be deployed?

Spectrum: What are the characteristics of spectrum allocated for BWA/WiMAX?

Service Providers Perspective:

What are the most critical expectations of service providers about future WiMAXequipment?

What are the service provider views on mobility?

What are the BWA service revenues in each region?

17 Selected Operators Case Studies

Brazil, Russia, India and China Market analysis

Analysis of municipal and emerging markets

Sub-11GHz BWA/WiMAX Market:

Broadband Wireless Technologies roadmap and performance compared

BWA/WiMAX Market Drivers & Challenges Ahead WiMAX vs. Proprietary systems SWOT Analysis

Fixed/Portable Wireless History and Market Sizes 1999-2005

Analysis of 802.16-2004 roadmap and characteristics 2006-2008

Analysis of 802.16-2005 roadmap and characteristics 2007-2010

Equipment & Service Market Size Forecasts 2006-2012

Detailed technology and market analysis for mobility

Detailed Review of 47 system and Infrastructure Suppliers

Detailed analysis of IPR

802.16 Chipsets:

Detailed Review of 802.16 chipset and RF makers

Roadmap of 802.16 chipset market

Market drivers for 802.016 chipsets

802.16 Chipset Market Size Forecasts for 2006-2012

WiMAX chipset BOM and ASP evolution 2006-2012


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What is new in th is 4th edition report?

All the information contained in this report has been been updated and scrutinized

thoroughly for relevance.However the following new special information has been addedto add value to the report and provide more in-depth analysis:

We have added a comprehensive municipal wireless section

We have introduced a section on multimode and wireless technologies compared

We have added a section that details key expected regulatory changes for 2006-2008 by region

We have added market size forecasts and summary analysis for the strategicemerging BRIC countries (Brazil Russia, China, India)

We have introduced an in-depth analysis on Intellectual Property Rights

We have added an analysis on RF component suppliers

We have added 50% more service provider profiles

We have introduced pessimistic and optimistic scenarios for the forecasts.

We have added 4.9GHz in the frequency breakdown


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About the Team:

Adlane Fellah, MBA, is CEO and founder of Maravedis In a world-leader in marketresearch and analysis, specializing in WiMAX and broadband wireless markets. He isleading industry analyst who authored various landmark reports on WiMAX, broadband

wireless and Voice over IP. He is a frequent speaker at leading wireless events and acontributor to various prestigious portals and magazines covering the broadbandwireless industry including: Telephony Magazine, WiMAX Trends, WiMAX.com, etc.. Heis member of the Program Advisory Board for the World WiMAX conference since 2004and a member of the Word Communications Association International , and BroadbandWireless Association. Prior to founding Maravedis, he held various positions at HarrisCorporation in charge of market intelligence and business development for severalproduct lines.

Robert Syputa, BSEE, MBA, has over 26 years experience in the broad field ofelectronics and six years experience as a telecommunications industry analyst and

consultant, particularly in the merging fields of WBB and related technologies andbusinesses. Background experience includes technical sales at Fairchild Semiconductorand sales management at Philips. Robert ran TEAM Associates, an independentmanufacturer's representative firm who's clients included Honeywell and GE-Druck.Several years ago he developed an interest in emerging wireless communications fieldsincluding cellular and 802.11/802.16 standards for WLAN and WMAN systems. Hedeveloped a broad understanding from bottom's up analysis of the technologies,companies and business trends shaping the developed and emerging sectors of theconverging industry. He has consulted with both startup wireless companies andleaders in the merging WiMAX/WMAN field and with private investment groups andlarge telecommunications industry hedge funds on products, business strategies,company image and market positioning, and emerging or slated to emerge industrytrends and catalysts. Mr. Syputa obtained a Bachelors of Electrical Engineering fromSouthern Polytechnic State University and a Masters of Business Administration fromSeattle University.

Cintia Garza, Market Analyst obtained a Bachelor degree of International Commercefrom TEC de Monterrey, Mexico with a specialization in International Business fromHEC Montreal and Carleton University, Ottawa. She focuses in market research forBWA/WiMAX applications. She has recently completed with Maravedis a database withinformation of telecom service providers and regulators worldwide. She speaks fluentlyEnglish, French and Spanish and is based in Mexico.


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TABLE OF CONTENTSEXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................. 22

1 BROADBAND WIRELESS EMERGES AT CENTER STAGE .................................. 32

1.1CONTEXT FOR FIXED-MOBILE CONVERGENCE .......................................................... 321.2COST PER BIT DELIVERED OVER THEAIR ................................................................. 391.3DIAL-UP USERS: A RACE IN EXTINCTION................................................................... 411.4CHEAPER BANDWIDTH THAN EVER........................................................................... 451.5REGIONAL MOBILE AND BROADBAND TRENDS........................................................... 48

1.5.1 Europe.......................................................................................................................................................491.5.2 North America...........................................................................................................................................571.5.3 Asia/Pacific...............................................................................................................................................601.5.4 CALA.........................................................................................................................................................611.5.5 Middle East...............................................................................................................................................611.5.6 Africa.........................................................................................................................................................63

1.6RESIDENTIALAPPLICATIONS:TOWARDS TRIPLE PLAY ............................................... 65

1.7BUSINESSAPPLICATIONS ........................................................................................ 661.8GOVERNMENT AND PUBLIC ENTITIES........................................................................ 691.9ON THE ROAD TO PERSONAL MOBILE BROADBAND ................................................... 72

1.9.1 Broadband is Creating New Revenue Streams..........................................................................................731.9.2 Mobile Gaming.........................................................................................................................................771.9.3 Messaging.................................................................................................................................................771.9.4 Mobile Music.............................................................................................................................................781.9.5 IPTV..........................................................................................................................................................791.9.6 Mobile TV and Video................................................................................................................................81

1.10VOIP................................................................................................................... 831.11BACKHAULAPPLICATIONS ..................................................................................... 84

2 BROADBAND WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES COMPARED..................................... 88

2.1WHAT IS NEEDED FOR THE NEXT GENERATION WIRELESS (MOBILE)NETWORK?......... 882.2WIMAXMEASURES UP TODAY ............................................................................... 892.3NEEDS DRIVE THE SHIFT TO MAS/MIMO-OFDMA................................................... 932.4COMPARING WIMAX AS LINK IMPROVEMENT OVER 3GPPHSDPA IS ONLY HALF THESTORY ........................................................................................................................ 942.5WIMAX-READY TO SHIFT THE PLAYING FIELD ........................................................ 972.6WIMAX:ADAPTIVE MODULATION +MAS/MIMO-AAS+MMR=GEOMETRIC INCREASEIN NETWORK PERFORMANCE......................................................................................... 972.7INSIDE THE WIMAXFORUM .................................................................................. 101

2.7.1 Working Group Organization and Charters...........................................................................................1022.7.2 How the Working Groups Function and Interface..................................................................................111

2.7.3 No Field of Dreams.................................................................................................................................1132.7.4 The Overall Climate of Development......................................................................................................114

3 IPR PRACTICES & IEEE 802.16 WIMAX PATENT ANALYSIS ............................. 115

3.1WHY RESEARCH ANDANALYZE WIMAX,NGMNIP? .............................................. 1173.1.1 IPR Portfolio Practices and Analysis......................................................................................................1183.1.2 What Do Service Providers and Suppliers Want of IPR? .......................................................................1183.1.3 What Do Suppliers Want of IPR?............................................................................................................1193.1.4 What Do WiMAX IPR licensors Want?...................................................................................................119


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3.2INFLUENCE OF STANDARDS AND PRACTICE............................................................. 1203.3THE LONG GESTATION PERIOD FOR OFDMWIRELESS BROADBAND ........................ 1223.4IS IPR A QUAGMIRE OR AN IMPETUS TO BENEFICIAL CREATIVITY? ............................ 124

3.4.1 Patent Litigation is on the Rise...............................................................................................................125

3.5FINDING THE WAY OUT OF THE QUAGMIRE ............................................................. 1273.6ALTERNATIVES FOR IPRRECOGNITION AND DISPUTE RESOLUTION .......................... 128

3.6.1 Differences Between large and Small Enterprises..................................................................................1283.6.2 Mutual Insurance....................................................................................................................................129

3.6.2.1 The Advantages of Mutual Insurance Associations .............................. 1293.6.3 Arbitration and Mediation ......................................................................................................................1293.6.4 Patent Portfolio Pools.............................................................................................................................1303.6.5 Collaboration With Trade Authorities....................................................................................................131

3.7MARAVEDISUPCOMING IPRREPORT .................................................................... 131

4 CURRENT BWA MARKET GENERAL ANALYSIS: 1999-2006............................. 133

4.1BWASUBSCRIBERS DURING 1999-2005 ............................................................... 1334.2BWASERVICE REVENUE IN 2005.......................................................................... 1344.3EQUIPMENT MARKET SIZES:1999-2005 ................................................................ 1374.4SOLUTION VENDORSANALYSIS ............................................................................. 1494.5STATUS OF CERTIFICATION ................................................................................... 1584.6CHIPSET VENDORANALYSIS ................................................................................. 162

5 BWA/WIMAX SPECTRUM AND LICENSING ANALYSIS BY REGION................. 169

5.1NORTHAMERICA .................................................................................................. 1695.1.1 USA.........................................................................................................................................................169

5.1.1.1 WCS ..................................................................................................... 1695.1.1.2 BRS and EBS....................................................................................... 1725.1.1.3 AWS ..................................................................................................... 1745.1.1.4 The 3.65 GHz Band.............................................................................. 183

5.1.1.5 The 700 MHz Band............................................................................... 1845.1.2 Canada....................................................................................................................................................187

5.2EUROPE .............................................................................................................. 1885.2.1 The 3.4-3.8 GHz Band.............................................................................................................................1895.2.2 The 2.5-2.69 GHz Band...........................................................................................................................190

5.3ASIA PACIFIC ....................................................................................................... 1935.4CARIBBEANAND LATINAMERICA ........................................................................... 1955.5AFRICA................................................................................................................ 1965.6MIDDLE EAST....................................................................................................... 1995.7ONGOING SPECTRUMALLOCATIONS WORLDWIDE ................................................... 2015.8REGULATORY WORKING GROUPACTIVITY.............................................................. 2105.9CHALLENGES AHEAD:SPECTRUMAVAILABILITY....................................................... 215

6 SERVICE PROVIDERS ........................................................................................... 217

6.1SERVICE PROVIDERSCHALLENGES AND EXPECTATIONS REGARDING FIXED WIMAX 2176.2SERVICE PROVIDERSCHALLENGES AND EXPECTATIONS FOR MOBILE WIMAX ......... 2226.3CASE STUDIES ..................................................................................................... 227

6.3.1 Greenfield Operators..............................................................................................................................227

6.3.1.1 Unwired Australia ................................................................................. 2276.3.1.2 Altitude Telecom (France) .................................................................... 236


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6.3.1.3 WiMAX Telecom................................................................................... 2406.3.1.4 Axtel (Mexico) ....................................................................................... 2456.3.1.5 Iberbanda (Spain)................................................................................. 2516.3.1.6 NextWave (USA) .................................................................................. 2536.3.1.7 Clearwire (USA).................................................................................... 259

6.3.1.8 Orbitel (Colombia) ................................................................................ 267

6.3.1.9 TowerStream (USA) ............................................................................. 2716.3.1.10 Yozan (Japan) .................................................................................... 274

6.3.2 Established and Mobile Operators..........................................................................................................283

6.3.2.1 Sprint/Nextel ......................................................................................... 2836.3.2.2 SK Telecom.......................................................................................... 2906.3.2.3 Entel Chile ............................................................................................ 2956.3.2.4 KDDI..................................................................................................... 3016.3.2.5 Softbank ............................................................................................... 3086.3.2.6 AT&T .................................................................................................... 3146.3.2.7 BellSouth .............................................................................................. 3216.3.2.8 Other Notable Deployments ................................................................. 328

7 BRIC AND KOREA ANALYSIS............................................................................... 329

7.1BRAZIL ................................................................................................................ 3297.1.1 Market Overview.....................................................................................................................................3297.1.2 Regulatory Overview...............................................................................................................................3307.1.3 Market Forecasts....................................................................................................................................334

7.2RUSSIA................................................................................................................ 3377.2.1 Market Overview.....................................................................................................................................3377.2.2 Regulatory Overview...............................................................................................................................3407.2.3 Market Forecasts....................................................................................................................................343

7.3INDIA ................................................................................................................... 3447.3.1 Market Overview.....................................................................................................................................344

7.3.2 Regulatory Overview...............................................................................................................................3477.3.3 Market Forecasts....................................................................................................................................348

7.4CHINA ................................................................................................................. 3497.4.1 Market Overview.....................................................................................................................................3497.4.2 Regulatory Overview...............................................................................................................................3557.4.3 Market Forecasts....................................................................................................................................361

7.5KOREA ................................................................................................................ 3637.5.1 Current Status of WiBro..........................................................................................................................3637.5.2 KT WiBro Plans......................................................................................................................................3677.5.3 SK Telecom.............................................................................................................................................368

8 MUNICIPAL WIRELESS BROADBAND MARKET TRENDS AND STRATEGIES. 371

8.1CURRENT TRENDS IN SYSTEMADOPTION ............................................................... 3738.1.1 Contract Trends......................................................................................................................................3738.1.2 Ongoing Trend Gains Momentum...........................................................................................................3738.1.3 Emerging Trends that Enable Rapid Adoption.......................................................................................374

8.2REASONS FOR GOVERNMENT PARTICIPATION IN WIRELESS BROADBAND .................. 3748.2.1 Technology, Low-Cost Equipment and Active Supplier Market..............................................................3758.2.2 Government Mandate to the Underserved..............................................................................................3758.2.3 The FCC and Other Regulators Open the Doors....................................................................................3768.2.4 Local and State Government Goldmine..................................................................................................3768.2.5 Homeland Defense, Redundancy and Interoperable Public Safety.........................................................379


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8.3SYSTEMS TO DEPLOY MUNICIPAL BROADBAND NETWORKS ARE PLENTIFUL .............. 3798.4TYPES OF EQUIPMENTAVAILABLE OR PLANNED ...................................................... 3848.5GOVERNMENT RESTRICTIONS AND CONTROL.......................................................... 3878.6TRENDS FAVORABLE TOADOPTION OF GOVERNMENT-SPONSORED METROAREAWIRELESS BROADBAND NETWORKS ............................................................................ 391

8.6.1 Differences among Rural, Suburban and Urban Municipal Markets.....................................................3918.6.2 Degree of Municipal Ownership and Participation................................................................................3928.6.3 Conflicts with Incumbent Providers........................................................................................................3928.6.4 EarthLink Reshapes Large Metro Market...............................................................................................3938.6.5 EarthLink Leverages through Open Access Partnering..........................................................................3948.6.6 The Next Generation Wireless Network Municipal Land Grab..........................................................395

8.7EVOLUTION OF THE MUNICIPAL WIRELESS MARKET................................................. 3968.7.1 Municipal Wireless Broadband: Flexible BB Service at Reasonable Cost.............................................3978.7.2 Where the Gravy may be Found..............................................................................................................3988.7.3 Extension of Core Network to Additional Services.................................................................................400

8.7.3.1 Meter Reading ...................................................................................... 4008.7.3.2 Traffic Monitoring and Control .............................................................. 401

8.7.4 VPNs.......................................................................................................................................................401

8.7.5 Emergency Communications...................................................................................................................4018.7.6 Commercial PTP and Dedicated Campus Networks...............................................................................401

8.8LEADING COMPANIES............................................................................................ 4018.9COMMUNITY WIRELESS PROJECTS ........................................................................ 4028.10ADDITIONAL RESOURCES .................................................................................... 4058.11COMMUNITY WIRELESS NETWORKS OR FREE NETS .............................................. 4058.12RECOMMENDED POLICIES TO ENCOURAGE AND EXPEDITE BROADBANDACCESS..... 405

9 MULTIMODE PUSHES WIMAX ONTO 4G NGMN FRONT BURNER.................... 407

9.1EMBRACE AND EXTEND...AND LEARN FROM RECENT HISTORY ................................ 4079.2WIMAXMULTIMODE WILL HIT BEFORE 3G-LTENGMN IS OUT OF THE STARTING GATE4099.3BASE STATION AND NETWORKING STANDARDS HASTEN NGMN&MM..................... 4099.4ADISRUPTIVE BUSINESS CASE SCENARIO ............................................................. 4119.5WHOAMONG INCUMBENTS WILL FOLLOW SPRINTS LEAD? ..................................... 4119.6HOW WILL MULTIMODE EFFECT WIMAXCOMPANIES?............................................ 414

9.6.1 How Multimode Affects WiMAX Chip Suppliers.....................................................................................4149.6.2 How Multimode Affects WiMAX Equipment Suppliers...........................................................................417

10 MARKET FORECASTS FOR 2006-2012 .............................................................. 419

10.1ON THE SAME PATH AS WIFI?.............................................................................. 41910.2BWAMARKET FORECASTS ................................................................................. 425

10.2.1 BWA and WiMAX Subscriber Forecasts- Base Line Scenario..............................................................42510.2.2 BWA Market Forecasts: Units, ASP and Market SIzes in Dollars Baseline Scenario.......................42610.2.3 BWA Forecasts by Region and Strategic Country ................................................................................432

10.2.4 BWA Forecast by Frequency.................................................................................................................43510.2.5 BWA Cross Forecasts by Frequency by Region....................................................................................436

10.3WILL THERE BE A MARKET FOR 802.16-2004D? ................................................... 43710.4802.16-2005FORECASTS:THE 4GHOLY GRAIL .................................................. 44410.5PESSIMISTIC SCENARIO ...................................................................................... 45210.6OPTIMISTIC SCENARIO ........................................................................................ 454


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CONTENTS OF APPENDIX

BWA/WIMAX SYSTEM VENDORS......................................................................41. Adaptix..............................................................................................................42. Airspan Networks..............................................................................................93. Alvarion Ltd.....................................................................................................244. Aperto .............................................................................................................375. ArrayComm Inc...............................................................................................436. ARRIS .............................................................................................................497. Axxcelera (formerly Adaptive Broadband) ......................................................558. Azonic Systems ..............................................................................................619. BelAir Networks ..............................................................................................6410. Cambridge Broadband..................................................................................7111. Hopling..........................................................................................................7712. Infinet Wireless .............................................................................................8113. IP Wireless....................................................................................................8914. L3 Communications (Iospan)........................................................................9715. Navini Networks..........................................................................................10016. Nex-G Systems...........................................................................................10917. NextNet Wireless (Motorola).......................................................................11218. PosData......................................................................................................11719. Proxim Corporation.....................................................................................12420. Redline Communications............................................................................13321. SkyPilot Networks.......................................................................................14122. SOMA Networks .........................................................................................14723. SR Telecom................................................................................................15424. Telsima Corporation....................................................................................16425. VCom..........................................................................................................16826. Vyyo............................................................................................................17427. Wave Wireless (Waverider) ........................................................................18128. Wi-LAN .......................................................................................................18629. WiNetworks.................................................................................................195INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPLIERS....................................................................19930. Alcatel Mobile Group - Lucent.....................................................................19931. Ericsson-Marconi........................................................................................20932. Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd.....................................................................21433. Motorola Moto.............................................................................................21934. Nokia...........................................................................................................22935. Nortel Networks ..........................................................................................23136. Qualcomm-Flarion......................................................................................23937. Samsung Electronics Company, Ltd...........................................................254


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38. Siemens Networks......................................................................................26339. ZTE-ZiMAX.................................................................................................274CHIPSET VENDORS........................................................................................28040. Beceem.......................................................................................................28041. Comsys.......................................................................................................28442. Cygnus Multimedia Communications Inc....................................................28743. Freescale Semiconductor ...........................................................................28844. Fujitsu Microelectronics America (FMA) .....................................................29345. Intel Corporation.........................................................................................29846. PicoChip .....................................................................................................30947. Runcom......................................................................................................31448. Sequans......................................................................................................31549. TeleCIS .......................................................................................................32250. Texas Instruments (TI)................................................................................32651. Wavesat Wireless Inc .................................................................................330


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LIST OF EXHIBITS

Exhibit 1. Drivers for offering next generation mobile or wireless broadband ..................37Exhibit 2. Growth of ARPU for data services ......................................................................... 38Exhibit 3. Comparison of download times for various high-speed services ......................39Exhibit 4. Cost per MB of various high-speed services........................................................ 40Exhibit 5. Characteristics of various high-speed technologies............................................ 40Exhibit 6. Subscribers to Internet or Broadband, 2005 ........................................................ 42Exhibit 7. Share of broadband lines by world region ............................................................ 43Exhibit 8. Top ten broadband countries by subscribers: 31 Mar 2005 - 31 Mar 2006 ....44Exhibit 9. Internet and broadband households, end of 2005 .............................................. 45Exhibit 10. Average cost of residential bandwidth in various countries .............................45Exhibit 11. Characteristics of selected US telecom markets............................................... 46Exhibit 12. Average Broadband Tariffs (in USD at PPP rate) ............................................. 47Exhibit 13. Average rentals for entry level services across different regions ...................48

Exhibit 14. Broadband subscriber growth comparison......................................................... 49Exhibit 15. PC penetration in selected European countries ................................................ 50Exhibit 16. Internet usage in selected European countries ................................................. 51Exhibit 17. Broadband Internet penetration in selected European countries ...................51Exhibit 18. Individuals use of computers and Internet (2004), EU-25 (as percentage of

total number of individuals aged 16 to 74) ..................................................................... 52Exhibit 19. Relationship between broadband penetration and income per capita ...........53Exhibit 20. Broadband use by European households and businesses .............................54Exhibit 21. Internet access among European enterprises (in %) ....................................... 55Exhibit 22. Internet access and broadband connections among European enterprises by

size ....................................................................................................................................... 56

Exhibit 23. Advanced services lines (over 200 kb/s in both directions).............................58Exhibit 24. Residential broadband additions in the US by access technology .................58Exhibit 25. Broadband households in the US by access technology................................. 59Exhibit 26. Growth Rate of Home Broadband Adoption in the US by income 2006 ........59Exhibit 27. Growth of Internet users in the US by access technology ...............................60Exhibit 28. Top 10 countries in Africa, ranked by Internet users ........................................ 63Exhibit 29. Snapshot of US triple play markets ..................................................................... 65Exhibit 30. Number of small and medium businesses by region, 2003-2008 ..................67Exhibit 31. Mobile phone subscribers worldwide .................................................................. 72Exhibit 32. Worldwide consumer broadband revenue, by service type.............................74Exhibit 33. Features used by US mobile subscribers, February 2006 ..............................76

Exhibit 34. Features used by mobile subscribers in the UK and Germany ......................76Exhibit 35. Features used by US mobile subscribers, November 2005 ............................ 77Exhibit 36. Global mobile music revenues, 2005 and 2010 (US$ millions) ......................78Exhibit 37. Worldwide revenue for mobile music .................................................................. 79Exhibit 38. IPTV subscribers in Western Europe .................................................................. 80Exhibit 39. US mobile subscribers interested in mobile video ............................................ 82Exhibit 40. US mobile video revenue ...................................................................................... 82Exhibit 41. Residential VoIP subscribers in the US .............................................................. 84


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Exhibit 42. Select US residential VoIP plans ......................................................................... 84Exhibit 43. Spectral efficiency comparison ............................................................................ 90Exhibit 44. Sector throughput comparison ............................................................................. 91Exhibit 45. Increase in efficiency of wireless spectrum ........................................................ 92Exhibit 46. Wireless link evolution ........................................................................................... 93

Exhibit 47. Illustration of adaptive modulation....................................................................... 94

Exhibit 48. Network efficiency of various modulation schemes .......................................... 95Exhibit 49. Wireless network architecture evolution ............................................................. 96Exhibit 50. Network topology for mobile multi-hop relay ...................................................... 98Exhibit 51. Throughput by system load .................................................................................. 99Exhibit 52. Cost per bandwidth for various services........................................................... 101Exhibit 53. WiMAX Forum working group structure ............................................................ 102Exhibit 54. WiMAX Working Groups ..................................................................................... 111Exhibit 55. OFDM patent portfolio per applicant ................................................................. 124Exhibit 56. Patent lawsuits by year........................................................................................ 126Exhibit 57. Patent applications by year................................................................................. 127

Exhibit 58. BWA subscribers by region................................................................................ 134

Exhibit 59. Current BWA pricing plans, worldwide.............................................................. 136Exhibit 60. BWA service revenue by region......................................................................... 137Exhibit 61. BWA CPE Shipments in units 1999-2005 (Backhaul & Access) .................. 138Exhibit 62. Historical BWA Base Station in units 1999-2005 (Access & Backhaul

combined).......................................................................................................................... 138Exhibit 63. CPE Average Selling Price Evolution 1999-2005 ........................................... 139Exhibit 64. Base Station Average Selling Price Evolution 1999-2005 ............................. 139Exhibit 65. CPE Market Sizes in ($) for < 11GHz in 1999-2005 (Access & Backhaul

combined).......................................................................................................................... 140Exhibit 66. Base Station Market Sizes in ($) for < 11 GHz in 1999-2005 (Access &

Backhaul combined)........................................................................................................ 140

Exhibit 67. Total Equipment Market Sizes in ($) for < 11 GHz in 1999-2005 (Access &Backhaul combined) ........................................................................................................ 141

Exhibit 68. Total BWA Equipment Market Sizes Breakdown (in US$) for < 11 GHz in2005.................................................................................................................................... 142

Exhibit 69. 2004 Equipment Market Breakdown by Frequency (Access & Backhaulcombined).......................................................................................................................... 142

Exhibit 70. 2005 Equipment Market Breakdown by Frequency (Access & Backhaulcombined).......................................................................................................................... 143

Exhibit 71. 2004 and 2005 Equipment Market Breakdown by Region (Access &Backhaul combined) ........................................................................................................ 144

Exhibit 72. 2004 and 2005 Equipment Market Breakdown by Market Segment (Access& Backhaul combined) .................................................................................................... 145Exhibit 73. 2004 and 2005 Equipment Market Breakdown by Application ..................... 146Exhibit 74. 2004 and 2005 market breakdown by CPE-type solution.............................. 147Exhibit 75. 2005 Equipment Market Breakdown by Modulation (Access & Backhaul

combined).......................................................................................................................... 148Exhibit 76. 2005 Equipment Market Breakdown for standard based vs proprietary

(Access & Backhaul combined) ..................................................................................... 148


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Exhibit 77. 2005 Equipment Market Breakdown for Business and Residetial/SOHOusers................................................................................................................................... 149

Exhibit 78. BWA public equipment providers cash positions as of Q2 2006 ................. 150Exhibit 79. Market Share per Vendor Access & backhaul combined for all frequencies

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