Nervous System Review

What is the function of the nervous system?

Regulation

To regulate (control) all body processes.

A change in the outside environment that starts an impulse along a neuron is known as

1. a stimulus

2. a response

3. an impulse

4. a synapse

A student accidentally places her hand on a tack and quickly pulls her hand away. The tack represent

1. a stimulus

2. an impulse

3. a response

4. an effector

A student accidentally places her hand on a tack and quickly pulls her hand away. Her skin is the

1. impulse

2. response

3. effector

4. receptor

A student accidentally places her hand on a tack and quickly pulls her hand away. The muscles in her arm that enabled her to pull her hand away are the

1. impulses

2. responses

3. effectors

4. receptors

When a child runs to his mother after hearing a clap of thunder, the clap of thunder would serve the nervous system role of acting as a(n)

1. stimulus

2. response

3. effector

4. receptor

A child runs to his mother after hearing a clap of thunder. He jumps into his mothers arms. The effectors would be

1. the stimulus

2. skin on his fingers

3. muscles in his legs

4. his ears

Adding one drop of dilute hydrochloric acid to the water surrounding a hydra caused the hydra to contract. The acid acted as

1. a response

2. a stimulus

3. a neurotransmitter

4. an impulse

1. A muscle or gland which responds to a message carried to it by motor neurons is called a(n) _______.

2. A change in the surroundings or the environment that triggers a nerve impulse is called a(n) _____.

3. The electrochemical message that travels through the nervous system is known as the _________.

4. A change in the external environment that initiates (starts) an impulse is called a _______.

5. Nerve cells are called __________.

effector

stimulus

impulse

impulse

neurons

Neuron Structure1. Most axons are covered with ___________ which aids

impulse  transmission by improving electrical insulation.

2. ___________ receive the impulse from the previous neuron.

3. The longest part of a neuron is the ______.

4. The ____________ contains the nucleus and other cell organelles.

5. The part of the neuron that produces and releases neurotransmitters are the ____________.

6. Neurotransmitters attach to __________ on the next neuron.

myelin

Dendrites

axon

cell body

terminal branches

receptors

How does an impulse travel from one neuron to the next?

Neurotransmitters are released into the synapse.

A structure that detects stimuli is a a) effector 

b) synapse     

c) receptor       

d) muscle

Synapses are located directly between 

(1.) dendrites and axons 

(2.) cytons and axons 

(3.) terminal branches and dendrites 

(4.) axons and terminal branches

Neuron Review1. Identify the name of nerve cells.

2. Identify the part of the neuron that receives the impulse.

3. Identify the largest part of a neuron.

4. Identify the long part of the neuron.

5. Identify the structures that can wrap around the axon to speed up impulses.

6. Identify the last part of the neuron that send the impulse to the next neuron.

7. Identify the space between 2 neurons.

8. Identify the chemical that is secreted into the synapse.

9. Identify the structures that neurotransmitters attach to on the next neuron.

NeuronsDendrites

Cell body

Axon

Schwann cells

Terminal branches

Synapse

Neurotransmitters

Receptors

What does this picture represent?Central Nervous System

1. Sensory neurons transmit impulses from the _________ to the ________________.

2. Interneurons carry impulses from the _____________ to ____________.

3. Motor neurons carry impulses from the __________ to ___________.

receptors spinal cord (CNS)

sensory neurons motor neurons

spinal cord effectors

Sensory neurons transmit messages

a) from the central nervous system to a muscle a gland

b) from the brain to the spinal cord

c) from the environment to the spinal cord or brain

d) within the brain

e) All of the above are true.

What structures make up your central nervous system?

Brain and Spinal Cord

Neurons that carry messages toward the CNS (brain and spinal cord) are called

sensory neurons

Why are reflexes much faster than a normal response?

The impulse only travels to the spinal cord, not the brain.

A

B

Receptor

sensory neuron

motor neuron

interneuron

Identify structures A, B and C.

A BX

The diagram represents a neuron.1.Identify structure X.2.Identify the enlarged structure in the dotted area.3.Identify structure A.4.Identify structure B.

AxonTerminal branch

Neurotransmitter

Receptor