Van Mainframe naar een gedistribueerd GIS Geographic Informationsystems From mainframe to...

Geographic Informationsystems

From mainframe to distributed systems by means of

webservices

. P. Bogaert

E-Governement Academy 8- Geoservices - 15 februari 2006 - Kortrijk.

Platformevolution

Advantages

• Accessibility

•Actuality

Advantages

• Reach

Arpanet

TCP-IP:communication

protocol

Tim Brenners-Lee and the WWW

High Perfomance Act+ Webbrowsers

1969 1993-1995 1989 1978

Source :CyberAtlas

1 000 000 000

200000000

400000000

600000000

800000000

1000000000

1200000000

April-

Bereikbaarheid

Belgium

1000000

2000000

3000000

4000000

5000000

6000000

April-0

Bron: Insites BIM I-XIII

Users 2002

Source :CyberAtlas 2002

Relative number of users0 - 5.315.31 - 15.3115.31 - 29.6529.65 - 50.8150.81 - 68.51No Data

Users 2005

Alsolute number of users200 - 37200003720001 - 1388000013880001 - 4188000041880001 - 9980000099800001 - 185550000No Data

Users 2005

GIS and the Internet

Data Search and Download

Offer of Information

Data Services

Application Services

Distributed GI-System

A distributed system is an application that runs on different computers, with different operating systems, at different locations and different connections but for the user it seems to be one system only

Definition

Client/Server architecture applied to a GIS

• Partitioning in software

Presentation Logical Data

• Partitioning in software: Division point

Presentation Logical Data

Remote presentation

Distributed Presentation

Distributed function

Remote Data Access

Distributed database

Remote Presentation

Remote Data Acces

• Two, three, n-tier systems

STANDARDS

• XML?

– A language used to describe information

– Textual : easy to read

• 3 components

– Defining component

• 3 components

– Information component

• 3 components

– Read/Visualise component: Parser

Data Storage

• Geography Markup Language

– An XML application for modelling and storing Geographic Information

• GML 2.0• Simple features: point, line, polygon, no curves

• 2D

• GML 3.0• GML 2.0

• + 3D

• + Topology

• + complex features

• + temporal aspects

• + Reference systems + …

• 8 times as big

Data Transmission

WMS (Web Map Service)

• Transmission via Images

+ =+ …

– Functionalities

Client Data ServerGetCapabilities

GetMap

GetFeatureInfo

Available Data and Metadata

Attribute Information

WFS (Web Feature Service)

Instead of images, the data itself is sent

Client Data ServerGetCapabilities

DescribeFeatureType

GetFeature

Available Data and Metadata

Data Description

Others

• Catalog Service for the Web (Metadata)!!!

• Web Coverage Surface

• Web Terrain Service

• Styled Layer Description

• …

Services Standards

Service Standards

• UDDI : Universal Description, Discorvery and Integration– Webservices Yellow Pages

• WSDL : Web Service Description Language– Description of a webservice: available operations and parameters

• SOAP : Simple Object Acces Protocol– Communication protocol for the communication between the

client and the server of a webservice

Service Standards

For Free or For Fee?

For Free of For Fee?

• Webservices <> Free !

• Beveiliging mogelijk• Copyrights en Privacy

Webservices : Users

Professional / Non Professional ?

• Professional

– Time

– A tailor-made job

– Actuality

• Non Professional

– Inform

– Conversation

– Simple

The Medium

Considerations concerning the medium

• Client-Server Architecture.

Browser(Internet Explore,

Netscape, ...)

Webserver(IIS, Apache,...)

Client Server

Communication

Request

Answer

Client Computer

The connectionServing Computer

• Client Computer:– Plug-ins (available / installed?)

• Avoid Plug-ins

– Browsers (Netscape, Internet Explorer, Opera, … ?)• Use Standards (HTML / DHTML)

• Online validation of the code via W3C

– Screen resolution (800x600 of 1024x768 …)• Keep maps small

• Interactive maps can adapt to the users screen resolution

– Colours (256 colours or more?)• Use with web save colours only (256 standard colours)

• The communication

– Does the client/server have a broadband/smallband connection

– How long does it take to use the service (5 seconds)

World Wide Web <> World Wide Wait !!!

• The connection

– Keep the information to be sent as small possible

– Compression!

– Use interactivity!• Send only the information which is asked for

• The serving computer:

– Do all systems that generate maps work on my system?(Windows, Unix, Linux, …)

– Do I have a strong enough computer to cope with:• Number of visitors

– Memory

– Connection

• Maps to be generated– Storage

– Memory

– …

Conclusion

• Technical possiblilities are available

• The Web :– Multimedia

– Reach

– Actuality

• Metadata

• Privacy

• Copyrights

Peter Bogaertpeter.bogaert@ugent.be

Ghent Universitywww.geoweb.ugent.be

Geographic Informationsystems

From mainframe to distributed systems by means of

webservices

Van Mainframe naar een gedistribueerd GIS Geographic Informationsystems From mainframe to...

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