Post on 06-Jan-2016
description
Using GRAPHICS
Bristol Community CollegeBristol Community CollegeCIS 13 Business Creativity
Sources: Conference for Desktop Publisher and Others
Using GRAPHICS
What is Clip Art?Originally, artwork that was purchased and clipped
out before using. Clip art…
• Can be used to add interest
• Can create focal points
• Can enhance a publication
• Can be modified
• Can be overused
• Cannot be used without permission
– unless it’s royalty-free
Using GRAPHICS
Where do we find Clip Art?
Collections on CD
Web sites
Original art
1 Raster• Dots
2 Vector • Drawn by a mathematical formula
Using GRAPHICS
GRAPHICSTwo basic forms of Images
Using GRAPHICS
GRAPHICS Raster Images Bitmapped Stored in grids like graph paper Typical formats:
jpeg, tiff, gif, and bmp files
It only makes the dots bigger
• it doesn’t create more dots
It creates “jaggies,”
or jagged edges
Using GRAPHICS
GRAPHICSDo Not Enlarge Raster Images
Using GRAPHICS
Two Types of Raster Art:Line Art + Continuous ToneLine Art
No gradation of tones• Every pixel is black or white• Example: Pen and ink drawing
To appear smooth, use high density of dots• 1200 pixels per inch is recommended• PostScript language supports 600 ppi (pixels per
inch) or dpi (dots per inch)
• Scan and print at 600 dpi to achieve effect
Using GRAPHICS
Two Types of Raster Art:Line Art + Continuous ToneContinuous Tone Many shades and levels
• Examples: Photographs and paintings
Screening creates impression of variable tone• Actually, density of dots create the illusion
Types:• Grayscale (black, white, gray)• Duotone (two colors)• Color (cyan, yellow, magenta, and black)
Using GRAPHICS
GRAPHICSVector Art is created by curves using a mathematic
formula
Created in a drawing and painting program like Illustrator, Freehand, or Corel Draw
Save as an EPS (Encapsulated PostScript) file
Can be enlarged without “jaggies”
Using GRAPHICS
GRAPHICSVector to Raster and Back Open a vector file in Quark, Illustrator or
Powerpoint and it stays a vector file
Open a vector file in Photoshop, it becomes bitmapped or rasterized.
Using GRAPHICS
GRAPHICSPhotos Photos are bitmapped/raster images Scan them at the finished size The higher the resolution, the better the
quality, but the output device determines the dpi
• Monitor = 72 dpi • Laser printer = 300-600 dpi• Image setter = 1200 - 2450 dpi
Using GRAPHICS
GRAPHICSScanning TipsType of Graphic:On Screen/WebPrintEnlarging Photo
Scan at:72 - 100 dpi200 - 300 dpiMaximum
File Format:JPEGTIFFTIFF
Remember: Higher resolution = larger files 4”x6” b&w 8 bits 300 dpi 2.2. MB 4”x6” color 24 bit 73 dpi 360K 4”x6” color 24 bit 300 dpi 6.5 MB 8”x10” color 24 bit 600 dpi 84.4 MB
Using GRAPHICS
GRAPHICSMore Scanning Tips Scan at the level of the image
• If an image was created at 300 dpi, scan it at
300 dpi
Scanning a 300 dpi at 600 dpi pulls forward imperfections
Enlarging Raster Images Scanning Formula:(final width/width of original image) x final ppi = scan
ppi
example: (8 inches/4 inches) x 300 ppi = 600 ppi
Using GRAPHICS
GRAPHICSSaving Graphics for WEB GIF (Graphics Interchange Format)
• Good for sharp lines, but large files JPEG (Joint Photographic Exports Group)
• Excellent for reducing large images into small files PNG (Portable Network Graphics)
• Free alternative to GIF, becoming more widely used Avoid BMP (art, wmp and pict)
Using GRAPHICS
GRAPHICSSaving Graphics for Print TIFF (Tagged Image File Format)
• Best choice and most common• Works on both Mac and PC• Can be large files• Industry standard
EPS (Encapsulated Post Script)• Includes the PostScript instructions• Avoid if saving publication as an EPS document
Using GRAPHICS
GRAPHIC ResourcesSome Pay Sites jupiterimages.com photodisc.com corbis.com arttoday.com istockphoto.com fotosearch.com fotolia.com
Using GRAPHICS
GRAPHIC ResourcesSome Free Sites thefreesite.com iconbazaar.com fontface.com microsoft.com/clipgallerylive artvex.com