Post on 02-May-2018
1
Urban Landscapes: Integrating Culture & Sustainability for a Stronger Future
t h r o u gh HUL Ma i n s t r e am i n g
Vienna World Heritage City Center
The Historic urban landscape is the urban area understood as a result of a historic layering of cultural and natural values and attributes, extending beyond the notion of historic center or ensemble to include the broader urban context and setting. UNESCO HUL Integrated planning for city and territory
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
Pa t r i c i a M. O ’Donne l l , FA S LA , A I C PI C OMO S ‐ I F L A I S C C u l t u r a l L a n d s c a p e sI C O M O S C u l t u r a l T o u r i s m I S CI F L A C u l t u r a l L a n d s c a p e s C omm i t t e e
H e r i t a g e L a n d s c a p e s L L CPreservation Landscape Architects & Planners
Vienna World Heritage City Center
Sustainability with culture umbrella
Global Trends Relevant to Cultural Landscapes
Culture- Nature Continuum Urban Dwellers, 75% by 2030 Earth Justice, Public Space Quality Health, Food, Agriculture Climate Change Disasters Resilience
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
Climate Change, Disasters, Resilience Ecology & Habitat Green Energy Tourism, Heritage Experience Economy
Fatehpur Sikri Festival
2
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
Historic Urban Landscape - Tangible Resources Rio De Janeiro
Natural Systems, Geomorphology, Hydrology, Topography Land Uses, Patterns, Spatial Organization, Visual Relationships Vegetation of all Types
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
Vegetation, of all Types Circulation & Transportation Systems Water Features, Natural and Constructed Buildings- Mass, Scale, Form, Details, to include Informal Structures- Bridges, Walls, Tunnels Vocabulary of Urban Art, Sculpture, Site Furnishings & Objects
3
Intangible Heritage Residing in the Historic Urban Landscape
Traditional festivals, rituals, music, dance, performance Spiritual worship, pilgrimage, religious celebration Iconic shared places, symbols that embody the shared urban identity Places of memory, marking events, joy-suffering, commemoration
U b d b f i ti Urban and ex-urban farming, practices, crops Regional and local cuisine, everyday foods Traditional arts and crafts, materials, work places
Documentation is a baseline, led by local voices & values
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
San Juan Chamula, Mayan Village, Mexico
Culture Nature Continuum & Cultural LandscapesValpariso, Chile
Culture & Nature are Intertwined in Landscapes
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
Culture & Nature are Intertwined in Landscapes Human Influence is Pervasive No Pure Nature, No Pure Culture, Some of Each, a Continuum Trends Demand Attention to Wasted, Degraded Land Need to Steward and Cultivate all of the Global Landscape
4
Culture Nature Continuum & Cultural Landscapes
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
Ahmedabad Aerial depicts Urban Nature/Culture of City and Territory Historic Urban Landscapes = ½+ Urban Space Dispersed City Green Spaces, Small Field Agriculture at Edges
Urban Dwellers & Cultural Landscapes Global Population 50% Urban and Growing Cities are a Defining Phenomenon of the 21st Century Urban Growth Strong, ½ Reside in Cities under ½ M Cultural Heritage Assets Promote Local Economic Development World Bank 117 Projects $1.8bn in Urban Cultural HeritageWorld Bank 117 Projects $1.8bn in Urban Cultural Heritage Quality of Daily Experiences = Urban Cultural Landscapes
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
Overlook, Valparaiso, Chile
5
Earth Justice & Cultural LandscapesRio De Janeiro Cultural Landscape
Value of Public Landscapes Rights to & of Landscape & Seascape
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
Rights to & of Landscape & Seascape Dominant versus Diverse Cultures and Role of Indigenous Peoples Wealth & Poverty, Favelas of Rio
Degraded & Neglected Urban Landscapes
Global Appetite for Prosperity but Resource Limitations
Response: quality of environment for all
Earth Justice: Greening Areas of Poverty http://www.miparque.cl/
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
Santiago, Chile
6
Earth Justice: Diana Wiesner, IFLA. Bogota, Columbia, Regenerative Design
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
Human Health & Landscape Reconnect to Nature, Place & Agriculture No Farms = No Food Locavor, Foodshed, Slow Food
C
Health, Food, Agriculture & Cultural Landscapes
Unique Local Cuisine Local Sustainable Agriculture Health & Local Economy Benefits
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
Peach & Plum Harvest, Charlotte, Vermont USA
7
Agri - cultural Landscapes Agricultural Heritage Systems, Evolved Over Millennia
A Global Inheritance to Preserve & Continue to Evolve
Crisis in Loss of Farmers & Sustainable Traditional Practices
Global food security issues Global food security issues
Trend toward small intensive farming in urban and peri-urban areas
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
Rice Terraces of the Philippine CordillerasWH Listed 1995 iii iv v
Shelburne Farms- Health, Food & Agriculture
USA Historic Landmark Sustainable Agriculture Environmental Education Market Garden & Inn Restaurant Swiss Brown Cows, Cheddar Zero Carbon Footprint
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
Fruits at Market, Cartago, Costa Rica
8
Climate Change, Disasters & Cultural Landscapes Climate Change Diverse Impacts Ozone Depletion, Drought, Earthquakes, Arctic Melt, Tropical Cyclones Natural Disasters- Planning for Preparedness, Response, Recovery
Healthy Cultural Landscapes & Seascapes are Part of the Solution
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
Rano Kau Caldera, Rain Water Cistern Rapa Nui
Climate Change Resilience at Community Scale
Italian Lakes
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
“Green” Communities Respect Place & Heritage, Culture & Nature More Cultural Landscapes as Interstitial Urban Fabric More Natural Landscapes Woodlands & Fields as Broader Setting Italian Lakes, Applied Community Land-Town-Lake Values
9
Complete Streets, Complete Ways, Road Diet
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’DonnellNg’ambo narrow way
Green Sustainability & Cultural Landscapes
Heritage is “Green”, Especially Cultural Landscapes (new & old) Balance Human Needs & Earth Imperatives Move Toward Shared Values & Survival
Stewardship: Good Planets are Hard to FindStewardship: Good Planets are Hard to Find
Preservation & Conservation Retain Carbon Inputs
Revitalize Urban Heritage with Limited Energy Inputs
Values Culture, Traditions & Retains Sense of Place
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
Camden Amphitheatre by Fletcher Steele, 1928-1932 First Modernist Landscape in USA
10
Green Sustainability- Revitalize Urban LandscapeMellon Square Restoration 2011
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
Preserve-- Reuse, Recycle, Revitalize Restore & Adapt Modern Masterpiece Apply Current Best Practices Materials, Waste, Soils, Water, Drainage, Green Roof
Tourism, Heritage Experience Economy & Cultural Landscapes
Tourism focus on Short Term Visitor & Specific Place Authenticity is the Magnet, Unique Culture is the Draw Choices Link to Cultural Landscapes Integrate Resident & Visitor Needs Quality of Place & Quality of Life Quality of Place & Quality of Life Mobility Personal Choices Travel is a Global Engine Experience Economy
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
Temple of Heaven, Beijing China
11
Champaner Pavagaadh, India World Heritage Cultural Landscape
Pilgrimage Tourism Landscape Issues at Champaner PavagadhHill, World Heritage Site, Gujarat
• Worship, Religious Importance• Pilgrimage, Heritage Tourism• Historic Features• Local People • Farming & Grazing Communities• Intense Use• Soil Erosion
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
• Water Scarcity Landscape Architecture solutions-
respect heritage resources, address land degradation, increase comfort, enhance sustainability
Champaner Pavagadh Hill Sacred Sites Courtesy Amita Sinha
Tools to Address Continuity & Changein the Historic Urban Landscape
Dada Harir Vav Stepwell, India, 1500s
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
1. Civic Engagement Tools2. Knowledge and Planning Tools3. Regulatory Systems4. Financial Tools
12
HUL Mainstreaming- for Ng’ambo
• Endorsing the tool groups
• Defining the broad community to engage that can benefit from HUL
• Reaching this broad community through inclusive methods
• Bringing forward knowledge and planning tools
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
g g g p g
• Applying and innovating around regulatory systems
• Employing financial tools in traditional and new ways
• Employing the HUL approach for authenticity and sustainability
• Proceeding with a HUL action plan
1 HUL Civic Engagement Tools
Accessible, multi-platform urban planning vision processes
Public forums about aspects of the urban future
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
Santiago, Chile
p
Web based local heritage games
Urban heritage issues web exchange blogs, chat rooms
Planning charrettes with open dialogue
Documentation projects, oral interviews and videos
Community heritage stewardship skill development workshops
13
2 HUL Knowledge and Planning Tools Documentation of tangible & intangible community heritage
Urban viewscape mapping for building envelope height and location
Planning for conservation of natural & cultural resources
Targeted urban preservation, management and tourism plans
G i f t t k l d li d ith h it id d Green infrastructure knowledge applied with heritage considered
Plans for shared public heritage of streets, public facilities, parks,
Holistic planning and design processes that incorporate - heritage, economy, sustainability
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
Old Havana WH City
3 HUL Regulatory Systems incorporating Heritage
Zoning ordinance underpinned by urban heritage database Conservation easement law Historic district commission law Traditional and customary systems, indigenous peoples Legislated climate change targets Tree protection ordinance Urban viewscape controls Multi-purpose overlay districts, for economy, heritage, aesthetics Legislation specifically addressing urban heritage stewardship/management
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
Lake Como
14
4 H U L F i n a n c i a l T o o l s Public Capital Improvements - Current ARRA Funding National Mall Project
Private Public Partnership targeted funding for Urban Heritage
Heritage Property Donation, Purchase, Conservation Easements, TDR, etc.
Revolving Loan Funds addressing Historic Structures
G t P f U b I t ibl d T ibl H it A ti Grant Programs for Urban Intangible and Tangible Heritage Actions
Taxation Laws Favoring Preservation Investments Private Building and Property Maintenance Ongoing Public Maintenance Staffing & Budgets
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
USA National Mall, Washington DC, Renewal of Soils, Rain water capture, cisterns, irrigation
San Juan Sustainable Urban Stewardship:Engage Plan Regulate FinanceCulture as a driver and enabler of sustainable development
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
What we seek is continuity of historic urban identity as daily life, social and economic activity proceeds and environmental quality is
secured in historic settlements of all types.
Thank you Ahsante
15
NYC Green Infrastructure Funding Green Infrastructure Commitment
New York, Chicago, Philadelphia
Funding for bioswales
Green band between street –sidewalkGreen band between street sidewalk
Averts costly combined sewer work
Infiltrates water
Quells urban heat island
Recaptures traditional street pattern
Acceptable managed change
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
p g g
Eliminate 1.5 B/gal/yr sewer
2012-100 R-O-W Bioswales
$2.4 B public/private - 18 years
UNESCO Historic Urban Landscapes Approach
“The Historic Urban Landscape approach aims at preserving
Cities revealed at night, NASA Earth
the quality of the human environment and
enhancing the productivity of urban spaces.
It integrates the goals of urban heritage conservation with
the goals of social and economic development.
Cultural Landscapes & UNESCO HUL O’Donnell
It is rooted in a balanced and sustainable relationship
between the built and natural environment.” http://whc.unesco.org