Common name Scien fic name Family Page #

Wild garlic Allium vineale Liliaceae Lily Family 2

Star of bethlehem Ornithogalum umbellatum Liliaceae Lily Family 3

Bulbous oatgrass Arrhenatherum ela us Poaceae Grass Family 4

Downy brome Bromus tectorum Poaceae Grass Family 5

Annual ryegrass Lolium mul florum Poaceae Grass Family 6

Annual bluegrass Poa annua Poaceae Grass Family 7

Roughstalk bluegrass Poa trivialis Poaceae Grass Family 8

Wild carrot Daucus carota Apiaceae Carrot Family 9

Mayweed chamomile Anthemis cotula Asteraceae Aster Family 10

Cornflower Centaurea cyanus Asteraceae Aster Family 11

Canada thistle Cirsium arvense Asteraceae Aster Family 12

Bull thistle Cirsium vulgare Asteraceae Aster Family 13

Horseweed Conyza canadensis Asteraceae Aster Family 14

Common catsear Hypochoeris radicata Asteraceae Aster Family 15

Prickly le uce Lactuca serriola Asteraceae Aster Family 16

Common groundsel Senecio vulgaris Asteraceae Aster Family 17

Dandelion Taraxacum officinale Asteraceae Aster Family 18

Mouseear cress Arabidopsis thaliana Brassicaceae Mustard Family 19

Yellow rocket Barbarea vulgaris Brassicaceae Mustard Family 20

Shepherd's purse Capsella bursa‐pastoris Brassicaceae Mustard Family 21

Hairy bi ercress Cardamine hirsuta Brassicaceae Mustard Family 22

Whitlowgrass Draba verna Brassicaceae Mustard Family 23

Virginia pepperweed Lepidium virginicum Brassicaceae Mustard Family 24

Pennycress Thlaspi arvense Brassicaceae Mustard Family 25

Venus looking‐glass Tridanis perfoliata Campanulaceae Bellflower Family 26

Mouseear chickweed Ceras um vulgatum Caryophyllaceae Pink Family 27

Jagged chickweed Holosteum umbellatum Caryophyllaceae Pink Family 28

Common chickweed Stellaria media Caryophyllaceae Pink Family 29

Knawel Scleranthus annuus Caryophyllaceae Pink Family 30

Yellow flowered vetch Vicia grandiflora Fabaceae Pea Family 31

Common vetch Vicia sa va Fabaceae Pea Family 32

Redstem filaree Erodium cicutarium Geraniaceae Geranium Family 33

Smallflower geranium Geranium pusillum Geraniaceae Geranium Family 34

Carolina geranium Geranium carolinianum Geraniaceae Geranium Family 34

Henbit Lamium amplexicaule Lamiaceae Mint Family 35

Purple deadne le Lamium purpureum Lamiaceae Mint Family 36

Cutleaf eveningprimrose Oenothera laciniata Onagraceae Eveningprimrose Family 37

Yellow woodsorrel Oxalis stricta Oxalidaceae Woodsorrel Family 38

Curly dock Rumex crispus Polygonaceae Smartweed Family 39

Catchweed bedstraw Galium aparine Rubiaceae Madder Family 40

Corn speedwell Veronica arvensis Scrophulariaceae Figwort Family 41

Ivyleaf speedwell Veronica hederifolia Scrophulariaceae Figwort Family 42

Purslane speedwell Veronica peregrine Scrophulariaceae Figwort Family 43

Field pansy Viola arvensis Violaceae Violet Family 44

Winter Weeds Table of Contents

2

Allium vineale Perennial

Liliaceae (Lily Family)

Wild garlic

Back to contents

3

Ornithogalum umbellatum Perennial

Liliaceae (Lily Family)

Star of Bethlehem

Back to contents

4

Arrhenatherum ela us Perennial

Poaceae (Grass Family)

Bulbous oatgrass

Back to contents

5

Bromus tectorum

Annual

Poaceae

(Grass Family)

Downy brome (Cheatgrass)

Back to contents

6

Lolium mul florum

Annual

Poaceae

(Grass Family)

Synonyms: Annual

ryegrass

Italian ryegrass

Back to contents

7

Annual bluegrass Poa annua Annual

Poaceae (Grass Family)

Back to contents

8

Poa trivialis Perennial

Poaceae

(Grass Family)

Roughstalk bluegrass

Back to contents

9

Daucus carota

Biennial

Apiaceae

(Carrot Family)

Wild carrot (Queen Anne's Lace)

Back to contents

10

Mayweed chamomile Anthemis cotula Annual

Asteraceae (Aster Family)

Back to contents

11

Centaurea cyanus

Annual

Asteraceae (Aster Family)

Synonyms: Bachelors bu ons

Cornflower

Back to contents

12

Canada thistle

Cirsium arvense

Perennial

Asteraceae (Aster Family) Back to contents

13

Cirsium vulgare

Biennial

Asteraceae

(Aster Family)

Bull thistle

Back to contents

14

Conyza canadensis

Annual

Asteraceae (Aster

Family)

Synonyms: marestail

Horseweed

Back to contents

15

Hypochoeris radicata

Perennial

Asteraceae (Aster Family)

Synonyms: False dandelion

Common catsear

Back to contents

16

Lactuca serriola

Annual (or a biennial)

Asteraceae (Aster family)

Prickly le uce

Back to contents

17

Senecio vulgaris

Annual

Asteraceae (Aster Family)

Common groundsel

Back to contents

18

Taraxacum officinale

Perennial

Asteraceae (Aster Family)

Dandelion

Back to contents

19

Arabidopsis thaliana

Annual

Brassicaceae

(Mustard Family)

Mouseear cress

Back to contents

20

Barbarea vulgaris

Annual

Brassicaceae

(Mustard Family)

Yellow rocket

Back to contents

21

Capsella bursa‐pastoris

Annual

Brassicaceae

(Mustard Family)

Shepherd's purse

Back to contents

22

Cardamine hirsuta

Annual

Brassicaceae

(Mustard Family)

Hairy bi ercress

Back to contents

23

Draba verna

Annual

Brassicaceae

(Mustard Family)

Whitlowgrass

Back to contents

24

Lepidium virginicum Annual

Brassicaceae (Mustard Family)

Virginia pepperweed

Back to contents

25

Thlaspi arvense Annual

Brassicaceae (Mustard Family)

Pennycress

Back to contents

26

Triodanis perfoliata

Annual

Campanulaceae

(Bellflower Family)

Venus looking‐glass

Back to contents

27

Ceras um vulgatum Perennial

Caryophyllaceae (Pink Family)

Mouseear chickweed

Back to contents

28

Holosteum umbellatum

Annual

Caryophyllaceae (Pink Family)

Jagged chickweed

Back to contents

29

Common chickweed Stellaria media Annual

Caryophyllaceae (Pink Family)

Back to contents

30

Scleranthus annuus Annual

Caryophyllaceae (Pink Family)

Knawel

Back to contents

31

Yellow flowered vetch Vicia grandiflora Annual

Fabaceae (Pea Family)

Back to contents

32

Common vetch Vicia sa va Annual

Fabaceae (Pea Family)

Back to contents

33

Erodium cicutarium Annual or biennial

Geraniaceae (Geranium Family)

Redstem filaree (Storksbill)

Back to contents

34

Geranium pusillum Biennial Geraniaceae (Geranium

Family)

Smallflower geranium

Carolina geranium (Cranesbill)

Geranium carolinia‐

num Biennial Gera‐

niaceae (Geranium

Family)

Back to contents

35

Henbit

Lamium amplexicaule

Annual

Lamiaceae (Mint Family)

Back to contents

36

Lamium purpureum

Annual

Lamiaceae (Mint Family)

Purple deadne le

Back to contents

37

Oenothera laciniata

Annual or biennial

Onagraceae (Eveningprimrose Family)

Cutleaf eveningprimrose

Back to contents

38

Oxalis stricta Perennial

Oxalidaceae (Woodsorrel Family)

Yellow woodsorrel

Back to contents

39

Rumex crispus Perennial

Polygonaceae (Smartweed Family)

Curly dock

Back to contents

40

Catchweed bedstraw Galium aparine Annual

Rubiaceae (Madder Family)

Back to contents

41

Corn speedwell

Veronica arvensis

Annual

Scrophulariaceae (Figwort Family)

Back to contents

42

Ivyleaf speedwell

Veronica hederifolia

Annual

Scrophulariaceae (Figwort Family) Back to contents

43

Purslane speedwell

Veronica peregrina

Annual

Scrophulariaceae (Figwort Family) Back to contents

44

Viola arvensis Annual Violaceae (Violet Family)

Synonyms: Field pansy, Johnny jump‐up.

Field violet

Back to contents

45

Resources

Uva, R.H., J. C. Neal, and J.M. DiTomaso. Weeds of the Northeast. Cornell University Press,

1997.

USDA/NRCS Plants Database. (2017) h ps://plants.usda.gov/java/

Photos taken by B. A. Sco , University of Delaware Research Associate Weed Science.