Ancient Africa

Africa- “The Birthplace of Humanity

“Mother Africa”Nile River Valley

Ancient Egypt Earliest civilization in AfricaOne of the two earliest civilizations in world history

Ancient Africa

Society with an advanced state of social developmentA complex society or culture group

characterized by: dependence upon agriculturelong-distance trade form of governmentoccupational specializationurbanismclass stratification

Civilization

Ancient EgyptRise of Egyptian

CivilizationBy 3150 BC, “pharaohs” unite Egypt as one kingdom

Centralized governmentHieroglyphsComplex religionsMonumental stone pyramids

By 400 BC, under rule of Greece then Rome

Egyptian Civilization Society

Patrilineal & patriarchal Royal incest commonWomen held in high status

Several woman rulers Hatshepsut

ReligionComplex polytheistic

Re (Ra), sun GodOsiris, god of the Nile

Seth and IsisImmortality of royalty (state)

Ancient Egypt

Ancient EgyptFive Great Pharaohs of Egypt

Narmer- “Scorpion King”Akhenaton & NefertitiKing Tut- TutankhamenRamses IICleopatra

Ancient NubiaNubians in Egypt

Egyptians called Nubian state- KushN. African region of Nubia in modern day SudanDepicted by Egyptians:

Dark skinHooped earringsBraided extended hair

752 BCE, Kushites ruled EgyptLasted less than 100 years

King Piye (Piankhi)Ruled as Pharaoh of

Egypt (752-721)Kushite king and

founder of 25th dynasty of Egypt

Took Memphis by force and flaming arrows

Egypt united under him and Nubian rule

Black Pharaohs of EgyptShabaka(721-707)

Brother of PiyeShebitku (707-690)

Son of PiyeTaharqa(690-664 BCE)

Younger son of PiyeBiblical Tirhakah

Led Egyptian/Nubian armies against invading Assyrians in defense of ally, Israel- Is. 37:9; Kings 19:9

Last Nubian Pharaoh of Egypt

TanwetamaniKing of Egypt (664-

656 BCE)Son of Shabaka and

nephew of PiyeAssyrians defeated

army and occupied Egypt

Ended Nubian rule

Should Egyptian Civilization and Nubian Civilization be associated with African American History?

Questions to Consider: