u – v

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|| ||. u. a 1 i + b 1 j. || ||. u – v. || ||. v. a 2 i + b 2 j. Theorem Angle between Vectors. y. 1. v. j. u. i. 1. x. Theorem. Two vectors v and w are orthogonal if and only if. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of u – v

u

v

u – v

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a1 i + b1 j

a2 i + b2 j

cos2

:Cosines of Law222

vuvuvu

cos2)()(

)()(2

22

22

12

1

221

221

vubaba

bbaa

cos222 2121 vubbaa

cos2121 vubbaa

as

defined is thevectors,

twoare and If 2211

wvproductdot

jiwjiv

baba

2121 bbaa wv

vvwv

jiwjiv

(b) (a)

find ,4 and 52 If

1542 (a) wv358

5522 (b) vv

4 25 29

Theorem Angle between VectorsIf and are two nonzero vectors, the angle

, 0 < , between and is determined

by the formula

u v

u v

vu

vu

cos

Find the angle between = 2 and

= 4 + 3 .

u i j

v i j

v u

vucos

5383142 vu

u 2 1 52 2

v 4 3 16 9 25 52 2

5

1

55

5cos

v u

vu

4.63

v i j 4 3

u i j 2

cos ,sin

i

j

1

1

u

v

x

y

uvv

v v u

u i j cos sin

v v i j cos sin

Theorem

Two vectors v and w are orthogonal if and only if

0wv

Determine whether the vectors v = 4i - j and w = 2i + 8j are orthogonal.

08124 wv

w = 2i + 8j

v = 4i - jx

y