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Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 1
Certificate
This is to Certify that the nature study report
submitted by the final year CBZ students of St. Philomena’s
College, Mysore, is a work towards partial fulfillment of the
syllabus as prescribed by the University of Mysore,
for the year 2009 – 2010.
Place: Mysore
Date: 30th October 2009
Signature of the Signature of the
Teacher In charge Head of Department
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 2
Contents
Acknowledgement
Yercaud
Visit to Yercaud
First day
Botanical survery of India
Bhavani singh’s perfumery
Second day
Lady’s seat
Rose Garden
Shevoroy’s hills
Photographs
Our experience
Conclusion
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 3
Acknowledgement
We the student of III Year Bsc (CBZ & BBMB) would like to thank our beloved
principal Rev, Fr. Leslie Moras, who permittred us to go to study tour to Yercaud
in Tamil Nadu.
We are grateful to our lecturers Prof. Maria A
Lazarus, Head of the department of Botany and
Prof. Lizzy Cyriac who accompanied us to our
Botanical study tour to and gave us the
enormous knowledge above the flora in
Orchidarium in Botanical Survey of India in
Yercaud.
This tour was a surely a memorable experience
for us and was possible only because of them.
We also thank Rev. Fr. Anthony who provided
us nice Accomadation at Tilakam Nest.
Professor Maria
Professor Lizzy
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 4
Introduction The tour was organized by our
botany lecturers prof. maria A.L
and prof. Lizzy Cyriac. The main
tour was to have the better
understanding of Altitudinal
vegetation of chidarium herb
garden.
Yercaud is a beautiful hill station
near Salem, Tamil Nadu, India in
the Shervarayan range of hill
(Shevoroy’s) in eastern Ghats.
Yercaud is quit little hill station
on the Eastern Ghats, The only
of its kind in northem Tamil Naidu. It’s a cool place and a less expensive place than
either Ooty or Kodaikanal. Hence yercaud is also known as “Poor man’s Ooty”.
Yercaud is at an altitude of 1515 meters (4969 feet) above the mean sea level. The town
gets its name from the like located at its center-in Tamil “Yeri” means “like” and “Kaadu”
means “Forest”. The height of 5326 feet. Hence Yercaud hill area is also called shevaroy
hills.
Yercaud Presents a cool climate where temperature never rises above 30 C and dip
below 13 C. The peaceful hill station of Yercaud nestles among coffee plantatins ans
thickly forested shopes and is a good place for trekking and boating.
Some of the original forests continue to exist in the Yercaud hills and contain several
endemic species of plants and animals. They have faunal and floral similarities to the
western Ghats.
Yercaud is known for its coffee plantations and orange groves. It has an orchidarium run
by the “botanical survey of India.
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 5
Journey
Day One
On the night of 30th September
2009, we gathered at 09:30pm at
St.Phillomena’s college and
departed from Mysore at 10:10pm
by Bus.
We arrived at Tamil Nadu at
01:00am and reached Yercaud at
07:00.am.
We stayed at Hotel Tilakam Nest .
At 9:00am we had veg- breakfast in the hotel. After that we went to the “National
Orchidarium and Experimental Garden.
At 10:00 in the morning we all were so excited to see the Botanical survey of India, an
experimental garden and the beautiful Orchidarium in yercaud. When e stepped in to the
botanical gardens we saw a large area fully covered with different live specimens of
plants.
There we met Dr. Umar Sheriff, scientist and the
director of the national Orchidrium in the Botanical
survey of India. He gave us the useful talk about
the Botanical gardens. He explained us about the
importance of the Botanical gardens world wide
and about the national Orchidarium.
Dr.Umar Sheriff
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 6
The BSI is a government
organization which was
established in 1890 and was
recognized in 1954. The BSI
aim was to explore plant
resources of the country
systematic survey. It provides
accurate and detailed
information regarding the
occurance, distribution, ecology
and economic utility of plants in
India.
The is collects, identified and distributes plant material, they are useful in educational
and research areas.
Botanical Survey of India (BSI)
BSI comes under Ministry of Environment forest. It has its head quarter in Calcutta. Ten
regional circles are present in different parts of India. They are:
1. Southern Circle- Coimbatore
2. Western Circle- Pune
3. Jodhpur Circle
4. Central Circle-Allahabad
5. Northern Circle- Dehradun
6. Sikkim Gangtok
7. North Eastern Circle-Itanagar
8. Deccan Circle-Hyderabad
9. North Eastern Circle-Shillong
10. Andaman & Nicobar circle
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 7
Objectives of BSI
1. To survey the plant resources of the country.
2. To undertake and complete taxonomic studies of all the flora of the country.
3. To enlist the endangered species, to undertake measures for the effective
conservation and to collect and maintain germplasm and gene bank of
endangered, patent and vulnerable species.
4. To bring out volumes of National Flora and Flora of States/Union Territories.
5. To identify, collect and preserve specimens of plants which are economically and
otherwise beneficial to human being and
6. To prepare National Database of herbarium collection including types, live
collections, plant genetic resources, plant distribution and nomenclature.
In BSI we came to know about many plant species with the help of the orchidarium
director Dr. Umar Shariff. He showed variety of live specimens of different species of
plants grown in the national orchidarium with pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and a vast
angiosperms. We came to have a knowledge of all plants with their hybrids and also of
endemic and endangered species.
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 8
Family Orchidaceae Orchidaceae, the orchid family, is the largest family of the flowering plants
(Angiospermae).Its name is derived from the genus Orchis.
A majority of orchids are perennial epiphytes, which grow anchored to trees or shrubs in
the tropics and subtropics. Other species are lithophytes, growing on rocks or very rocky
soil, or are terrestrial. Nearly all temperate orchids are terrestrial.
Some orchids, like Neottia and Corallorhiza, lack chlorophyll and are unable to
photosynthesize. Instead, these species obtain energy and nutrients by parasitising soil
fungi through the formation of orchid mycorrhizas. The fungi involved include those that
form ectomycorrhizas with trees and other woody plants, parasites such as Armillaria,
and saprotrophs.[5] These orchids are known as myco-heterotrophs, but were formerly
(incorrectly) described as saprophytes due to the belief that they gained their nutrition by
breaking down organic matter. While only a few species are
achlorophyllous holoparasites, all orchids are myco-heterotrophic during germination and
seedling growth and even photosynthetic adult plants may continue to obtain carbon
from their mycorrhizal fungi.
Orchids are easily distinguished, as they share some very evident apomorphies. Among
these: bilaterally symmetric (zygomorphic), many resupinate, one petal (labellum) is
always highly modified, stamens and carpels are fused, and the seeds are extremely
small.
Orchids generally have simple leaves with parallel veins, although some Vanilloideae
have a reticulate venation. Leaves may be ovate, lanceolate, or orbiculate, and very
variable in size. Their characteristics are often diagnostic. They are normally alternate on
the stem, often plicate, and have no stipules. Orchid leaves often have siliceous bodies
called stegmata. The leaves of some orchids are considered ornamental. eg. Macodes
sanderiana. The leaves of some orchids show xerophytic characters.
All orchids are perennial herbs and lack any permanent woody structure. Orchids can
grow according to two patterns:
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 9
Monopodial
The stems grow from a single bud, leaves are added from the apex each year and the
stem grows longer accordingly. The stem of orchids with a monopodial growth can reach
several metres in length, as in Vanda and Vanilla.
Sympodial
The plant produces a series of adjacent shoots which grow to a certain size, bloom and
then stop growing, to be then replaced. Sympodial orchids grow laterally rather than
vertically, following the surface of their support. The growth continues by development of
new leads, with their own leaves and roots, sprouting from or next to those of the
previous year, as in Cattleya. While a new lead is developing, the rhizome may start its
growth again from a so-called 'eye', an undeveloped bud, thereby branching.
Terrestrial orchids may be rhizomatous or form corms or tubers. The root caps of
terrestrials are smooth and white.
Epiphytic orchid have velamen root which absorb water from humidity. It is made of
dead cells and can have a silvery-grey, white or brown appearance. In some orchids the
velamen includes spongy and fibrous bodies.
There are different colours of Orchids except black and blue. The flowers are aromatic
and it varies in the morning and evening. The orchid flower has two whorls of sterile
elements. The outer whorl has three sepals and the inner whorl has three petals. The
upper medial petal is modified into labellum. The filaments of the stamens are always
fused to the style to form cylindrical structure called the gynostemium. The great majority
of orchids consists of two pollinia. The seeds are generally almost microscopic and very
numerous, in some species over a million per capsule. After ripening they blow off like
dust particles or spores which is adapted for wind dispersal.
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 10
Orchidarium The Orchidarium was established with the view to conserve and study the
indigenous Orchids including the endangered species. It houses about 35,000
sets of Orchids in 249 species. It is the third largest Orchid house of India. It
includes nearly 30 very rare ones.
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 11
The Orchids found in the Orchidarium
Paphiopedilum druryi (Lady’s slipper)
Coleogyne breviscapa-Epiphyte
Coleogyne corymbosa
Aerides crispa
Dendrobium herbaceum
Dendrobium aqueum
Liparis acuminate
Cymbidium aloifolium
Cymbidium bicolor
Parphiopedilum
hirsutissimum
Dendrobium sonia
(Remained bloomed for110days in this
Orchidarium)
Epidendrum radicans
Pholidota imbricata
Dendrobium farmeri
2Eria pseudoclavicaulis
Parphiopedilum fairieanum
Dendrobium crepidatum
Coleogyne prolifera
Coleogyne flaccid
Lady’s slipper Orchid
Psilotum nudun
Coelogyne corymbosa
Spider Orchid
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 12
Cymbidium giganteum
Stanhopea wardii
Eria polystachya
Vanda paniculatum
Vanda spathulata
Along with the Orchidarium, there are other
plants in the “National Orchidarium and
experimental garden”. What we found most
interesting in the botanical garden is
Nepenthes khasiana which is an insectivorous
plant. It is a rare opportunity for anyone to see
this plant in its live condition. The pitchers
were so beautiful and there were many of
them.
Paphiopedium fairieanum
Laughing orchid
Pitcher plant Vanda spathulata
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 13
Bhavani Singh’s Perfumery
After we came back from
Orchidarium, we had food
and left for Bhavani Singh’s
Perfumery in the noon.
Bhavani Singh’s Perfumery
is a very Old small scale
Perfumery industries. P.B.
Hari Singh, son of the
Freedom Fighter and
Founder of this Perfumery,
Bhavani Singh established it
in 1931. P.B. Hari Singh
explained us different Herbal Plants, and their importance and the beneficial role. We
saw and learnt about many medicinally valued plants. Different Oils have been
extracted from different place species in nature in many steps. Essentials Oils and
certain other medicines were seen like.
Black Panther Oil
Massage Oil
Brahmi Hair Oil
Eucalyptus Oil
Oil of Citriodora
Oil of Lemon grass
Oil of Almond
Mouth wash
Mosquito repellant
Natural digestive
Beauty solutions like
Aloe vera gel.
Bhavani Singh’s perfumery, find one of the therapy in it, that is Aroma therapy. It is a
powerful therapy in treatment of many diseases, disorders like cold, head aches, fever
and other body pains and also many other problems like stress, tensions etc., can be
treated with aroma therapy.
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 14
The following page contains information about some of his products
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 15
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 16
We had our dinner in the hotel. All of us played games after dinner . All the
teachers and the student participated and enjoyed very much. Then we went to
sleep.
Day Two
In the morning at 08:45 we
went to Father Antony’s
Coffee estate, there we had
our breakfast. We had a
delicious Indian breakfast.
Father Antony
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 17
Places visited
Church
After the breakfast on the
way to plant collection we
stopped at a church. All the
students and teachers went
around the church. Some
students took pictures on the
church.
Lady's Seat
One of the Best views that Yercaud premises. The Lady’s Seat offers a splendid
view of the Ghats and the thick growth of trees lined there. One of the most
crowded and visited spots in Yercaud, Lady’s Seat is located 2km south west of
Yercaud town.
It surely was a breath taking
view for us. The view was
spectacular particularly in
the night with the twinkling
lights of Salem town in sight.
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 18
Rose Garden and Shervarayan Cave and Temple
situated in Shevoroy Hills.
Plant collection
On the way to lady’s seat we started to collect plants with the guidance of the teachers.
We collected plants of different families.
Rose garden
At From Lady’s Seat we all went to
Rose Garden to view different
species of flowering plants. We
saw different species of Roses, in
different colours, shapes and
sizes. We also saw many other
different Varieties of floras
including herbs and shrubs and
trees in Rose Garden.
Shevoroy’s Hills
Shevoroy’s Hills of Shervarayan
temple is one of the best place
inYercaud. This is the third
highest range in this part with a
modern cave temple at its top,
The hill top is bald with a real
open view of all the hills around.
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 19
The Servarayan temple
The Servarayan temple is situated at
top the Sevarayan hill. The temple is
a narrow and dark cave having the
God Servarayan and the Goddess
Kaveri inside.
After lunch went back to the
hotel to refresh and collect our
luggage for our journey back to
Mysore. On the way we
stopped Salem .
At 20:00pm we had dinner
in a nice restaurant.
At 21:30 all were settled in
the bus and we started
our journey back to
Mysore.
We reached Mysore at
5:00am.
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 20
Conclusion
The tour helped us to intermingle with all our classmates and provided
opportunity to understand each of them and made friendly relation through fun
and joy.
We wished to express our deep gratitude to our Prof. Maria A.L. H.O.D of botany
department and Prof. Lizzy Cyriac for their invested unspairing effort, untiring
energy and time spent for making all the arrangements for the tour. Works cannot
seem to express completely our appreciation to our professors, but we know deep
down how grateful we are for the time and effort they have put for the tour. Many
great memories have surely been lied in the tour.
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 21
Group Members
Group Members
Jasleena
Javeria ( Leader )
Susai
Somiya
Padma