The Elements of Art are the building blocks for a work of art.

They are the ingredients of the ‘cake’.

Artists use the elements in planned and organized ways.

They are organized according to the Principles of Design. This could be considered as the ‘recipe’

for the cake.

Elements of Art

Value / toneDefinition = the darkness or light of an object.

• Lighter values are used to indicate the light source, or where the light reflects off of, and/or shines on an object.

• Darker values are used to indicate the lack of light.

• Value is used to show the 3-dimensional quality of an artwork.

• Values can affect the mood of an artwork. Lighter values might suggest happiness and contentment, whereas darker values might suggest sadness and depression.

• is the relative lightness or darkness of a surface. When drawing, artists use value when they are shading.

• Value helps define the form of objects being drawn or painted. All colors have natural value.

• Take notice of the many different rectilinear shapes that have value changes in them which help them to look 3-D.

• Lighter values are in the emphasis area with darker areas surrounding.

Value / tone

•  10 Steps of Value • There are 100's of variances

of value but we can easily identify 10 Steps of Value within a work of art.

• Can you point out the 10 Steps in this eye?

Ways of Achieving Value in Drawings

•   Stippling: Drawing with dots. To get darker values you place more of them

closer together.

• Hatching: Lines places parallel and often

• follow the contour of the form being drawn 

Ways of Achieving Value in Drawings• Crosshatching: Hatching that has

crisscross lines • Mixed Techniques: Stippling, Hatching,

Crosshatching

Viewing Value  The light source on the sphere comes from the upper left.

Highlight - Area of the drawing that is light because light strikes the object and bounces off it. Light - Area where object is illuminated but not the highlight. Form shadow - Area where the object is falling into darkness.

Core of the Shadow - The darkest area of the shadow, area is furthest from the light source. Reflected Light - Area away from the light source that is light because of the light that has bounced off a surrounding surface. In this case the light strikes the table top and is reflected into the sphere. Cast shadow - Object makes a shadow onto it's surroundings.

• extreme light and dark contrasts within a work of art. The word "chiaro" means light and "scuro" means dark. An extreme light source illuminates the rest of the composition and this light source becomes the emphasis in the composition.

• In this example, the light source comes from the candle but the head of the man that has just been beheaded is in darkness at the lower part of the painting.

• Note: The term Chiaroscruo should only be used to discuss works of art that have this extreme light and dark. It shouldn't be used to describe just small areas in a work of art, but rather the entire compositition.

• . What just happened is the Jewish heroine Judith saved her people from the Assyrians by beheading the enemy general Holofernes with his own sword. Therefore you can see why the illumination is on her and not the head of Holofernes.

Chiaroscuro

Chiaroscuro

• this version of the Last Supper, Christ is illuminated and the rest of the composition falls into darkness.

• Chiaroscuro was widely used by Rembrandt and other artists in the Baroque style of art during the 1500's.

Value• Low Key• Value in a work of art are all

dark in value or low on the value scale, so we call those compositions low key.

• High Key• Values in a work of art are all light

in value or high on the value scale, so we call those compositions high key.

Value• Although there is also value in the

use of color, the drawing is a good one to study value. Gustave Courbet uses the lightest values around the face of the girl to give it emphasis. Notice the small patch of light value in the hair. Can you see any other light values that indicate a light source. Dark values are used to show where shadows fall. Notice the dark shadow on the girl's blouse behind her neck, and also in the book under the slightly open pages.?