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THIS REPORT WAS PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF JOHN B, TOWNSHEND, CHIEF OF THE COLLEGE OBSERVATORY, WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF THE OBSERVATORY STAFF MEMBERS: R,V, O'CONNELL AND L,Y, TORRENCE AND IN COOPERATION WITH THE GEOPHYSICAL INSTITUTE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA, THE COLLEGE OBSERVATORY IS A PART OF THE BRANCH OF GLOBAL SEISMOLOGY AND" GEOMAGNETISM OF THE U,S, GEOLOGICAL SURVEY,
Explanation of Data and Reports
Magnetic Activity Report
Principal Magnetic Storms
Preliminary Calibration Data and Monthly Mean Absolute Values
Magnetogram Hourly Scalings - Five Quietest Days
Sample Format for Normal and Storm Magnetograms
Normal Magnetograms
Storm Magnetograms (When Normal is too disturbed to read)
COLLEGE OBSERVATORY PRELIMINARY GEOMAGNETIC DATA
EXPLANATI ON OF DATA AND REPORTS
INTRODUCTION
The preliminary geomagnetic data included here is made available to scientific personnel and organizations as part of a cooperative effort and on a data exchange basis because of the early need by some users. To avoid delay, all of the data is copied from original forms processed at the observatory; therefore, it should be r^fjarded an preliminary. Inquiries about this report or about the College Observatory should be addressed to:
Chief, College ObservatoryU.S. Geological Survey800 Yukon DriveFairbanks, Alaska 99775-5160
Requests for copies of the magnetograms except for the current month should be addressed to:
World Data Center A NOAA D63m 325 Broadway Boulder, Colorado 80303
OBSERVATORY LOCATION
The College Observatory, operated by the U.S. Geological Survey, is located at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska. It is near the Auroral Zone and the northern limit of the world's greatest earthquake belt, the Circum-Pacific Seismic Belt. r Although the observatory's basic operation is in geo magnetism and seismology, it cooperates with other scientists and organizations in areas where the facil ity and personnel can be of service.
The observatory is one of three operated by the USGS in Alaska. The others are located at Barrow and Sitka.
The position of the observatory site is: Geographic latitute........64° 51.6'NGeographic longitude.......U7° 50.2'WGeomagnetic latitude.......+64.6°Geomagnetic longitude..... .+256.5°Elevation..................200 meters
GEOMAGNETIC DATA
Normal and storm magnetograms and appropriate calibration data are processed at the observatory and are available for analysis or copying. Also available are mean hourly scalings for the five quietest days for the month and K-Indices.
Magnetic Activity
The K-Index: The K-Index is a logarithmic measure ment of the range of the most disturbed component (D or H) of the geomagnetic field for eight intervals 0000-0300, 0300-0600...2100-2400 UT. It is a measure of the difference between the highest and lowest deviation from a smooth curve to be expected for a component on a magnetically quiet day, within a three hour interval.
The Equivalent Daily Amplitude, AK: The K-Index is converted into an equivalent range, ak, which is near the center of the limiting gamma ranges for a given K. The average of the eight values is called equivalent daily amplitude AK. The unit 10y has been chosen so as not to give the illusion of a accuracy not justified.
The schedule for converting gamma range to K, and K to ak is as follows:
Gairana Range K - Index ak 0<
25<50<
100< 200< 350<
2550
100200350600
600< 1000 1000< 1650 1650< 2500 2500+
37
15274880
140240400 (lOy)
Principal Magnetic StormsGradual and sudden commencement magnetic distur
bances with at least one K-Index of 5 or greater, which are believed to be part of a world-wide disturbance, are classified as principal magnetic storms. The time of the storm beginning and ending; direction and amplitude of sudden commencements; period of maximum activity; and storm range are reported. Monthly reports of these data are forwarded to the World Data Center A in Boulder, Colorado.
Magnetogram Hourly ScalingsMagnetogram hourly scalings are averaged for
successive periods of one hour for the D, H, and Z elements. The Value in the column headed "01" is the average for the hour beginning 0000 and ending 0100. Note that the values on the scaling sheet are in tenths of mm with the decimal point omitted. The user of these scalings should keep in mind that the tabular values are hourly means and if one is interested in the detailed morphology of the magnetic field, refer directly to the magnetograms.
MagnetoErramsThe normal magnetograms in this report are repro
duced at about one-third the size of the originals. Preliminary base-line values and scale values adopted for use with the original magnetograms are included. For days when the magnetic field is too disturbed for the Normal magnetogram to be readable, Storm magnetograms are reproduced.
Absolutes, Base-lines and Scale ValuesTo determine the absolute value of the magnetic
field from the hourly means or from point scalings the following equations should be used:
D=BD+d-SD ; H^Bjj+h-Sjj: Z=B~+5vSzwhere D, H and Z are absolute values;
and Br, are base-line values; and S are scale valuta;
and d, h and z are scalings In millimeters.
WUAAFORM76 133 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE (9-72) NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION
MAGNETIC ACTIVITY (Greenwich civil time, counted from midnight
DATE
1
234
5
6
7
8
910
11
12
13
14
15
16
1718
19
20
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22 2324
25
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28
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K-INDICES
<n ic 01 <Mo o o i A £ A o o o o
1022 3246346621 2422 35
04 3524 25235521262345
01 1222 1321 14112622 14
1266 334500 24 1000 0000
00 1000 32 00 0010 10 0011
32 661126122412331156
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£ £ 5 ^
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OBSERVATORY
College AlaskaMONTH AND YEAR
November 1988
AK
05 44471223
2125392925
0720122013
37 2111 02 00
0103 0001 03
3717171047
TIME SCALE ON MAGNETOGRAMS
20 nun/hr
SUDDEN COMMENCEMENTS
d h m
POSSIBLE SOLAR-FLARE EFFECTS BASED ON
INSPECTION OF GRAMS ALONE (WITHOUT
REFERENCE TO DATAFROM OTHER SOURCES)
BEGIN END
d h m d h m
K SCALE USED:
LOWER LIMIT FOR K = 9........
D
675.7CURRENT SCALE VALUE........ 3.70
LOWER LIMIT FOR K =9 ........ 2500
SCA LINGS AND COMPUTATIONS HAVE BEEN CHECKED.
APPROVED
H Z
322.27.79
2510
(mm)
(7/mm)
(to nearest 10 7)
John B. Townshend, Chief, College ObservatoryOBSERVER IN CHARGE
NOAA FORM 76-133 SUPERSEDES CftCS FORM 815 fr U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFIC E: 1973-701-657
NOAA FOR
M 86-5
00
(11/
73)
Data f
rom
Individual Qbaervatoriesi
PRINCIPAL MAGNETIC ST
ORMS
COLLEGE
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1988
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