THIS REPORT WAS PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF JOHN B, TOWNSHEND, CHIEF OF THE COLLEGE OBSERVATORY, WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF THE OBSERVATORY STAFF MEMBERS: R,V, O'CONNELL AND L,Y, TORRENCE AND IN COOPERATION WITH THE GEOPHYSICAL INSTITUTE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA, THE COLLEGE OBSERVATORY IS A PART OF THE BRANCH OF GLOBAL SEISMOLOGY AND" GEOMAGNETISM OF THE U,S, GEOLOGICAL SURVEY,

Explanation of Data and Reports

Magnetic Activity Report

Principal Magnetic Storms

Preliminary Calibration Data and Monthly Mean Absolute Values

Magnetogram Hourly Scalings - Five Quietest Days

Sample Format for Normal and Storm Magnetograms

Normal Magnetograms

Storm Magnetograms (When Normal is too disturbed to read)

COLLEGE OBSERVATORY PRELIMINARY GEOMAGNETIC DATA

EXPLANATI ON OF DATA AND REPORTS

INTRODUCTION

The preliminary geomagnetic data included here is made available to scientific personnel and organizations as part of a cooperative effort and on a data exchange basis because of the early need by some users. To avoid delay, all of the data is copied from original forms processed at the observatory; therefore, it should be r^fjarded an preliminary. Inquiries about this report or about the College Observatory should be addressed to:

Chief, College ObservatoryU.S. Geological Survey800 Yukon DriveFairbanks, Alaska 99775-5160

Requests for copies of the magnetograms except for the current month should be addressed to:

World Data Center A NOAA D63m 325 Broadway Boulder, Colorado 80303

OBSERVATORY LOCATION

The College Observatory, operated by the U.S. Geological Survey, is located at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska. It is near the Auroral Zone and the northern limit of the world's greatest earthquake belt, the Circum-Pacific Seismic Belt. r Although the observatory's basic operation is in geo­ magnetism and seismology, it cooperates with other scientists and organizations in areas where the facil­ ity and personnel can be of service.

The observatory is one of three operated by the USGS in Alaska. The others are located at Barrow and Sitka.

The position of the observatory site is: Geographic latitute........64° 51.6'NGeographic longitude.......U7° 50.2'WGeomagnetic latitude.......+64.6°Geomagnetic longitude..... .+256.5°Elevation..................200 meters

GEOMAGNETIC DATA

Normal and storm magnetograms and appropriate calibration data are processed at the observatory and are available for analysis or copying. Also available are mean hourly scalings for the five quietest days for the month and K-Indices.

Magnetic Activity

The K-Index: The K-Index is a logarithmic measure­ ment of the range of the most disturbed component (D or H) of the geomagnetic field for eight intervals 0000-0300, 0300-0600...2100-2400 UT. It is a measure of the difference between the highest and lowest deviation from a smooth curve to be expected for a component on a magnetically quiet day, within a three hour interval.

The Equivalent Daily Amplitude, AK: The K-Index is converted into an equivalent range, ak, which is near the center of the limiting gamma ranges for a given K. The average of the eight values is called equivalent daily amplitude AK. The unit 10y has been chosen so as not to give the illusion of a accuracy not justified.

The schedule for converting gamma range to K, and K to ak is as follows:

Gairana Range K - Index ak 0<

25<50<

100< 200< 350<

2550

100200350600

600< 1000 1000< 1650 1650< 2500 2500+

37

15274880

140240400 (lOy)

Principal Magnetic StormsGradual and sudden commencement magnetic distur­

bances with at least one K-Index of 5 or greater, which are believed to be part of a world-wide disturbance, are classified as principal magnetic storms. The time of the storm beginning and ending; direction and amplitude of sudden commencements; period of maximum activity; and storm range are reported. Monthly reports of these data are forwarded to the World Data Center A in Boulder, Colorado.

Magnetogram Hourly ScalingsMagnetogram hourly scalings are averaged for

successive periods of one hour for the D, H, and Z elements. The Value in the column headed "01" is the average for the hour beginning 0000 and ending 0100. Note that the values on the scaling sheet are in tenths of mm with the decimal point omitted. The user of these scalings should keep in mind that the tabular values are hourly means and if one is interested in the detailed morphology of the magnetic field, refer directly to the magnetograms.

MagnetoErramsThe normal magnetograms in this report are repro

duced at about one-third the size of the originals. Preliminary base-line values and scale values adopted for use with the original magnetograms are included. For days when the magnetic field is too disturbed for the Normal magnetogram to be readable, Storm magnetograms are reproduced.

Absolutes, Base-lines and Scale ValuesTo determine the absolute value of the magnetic

field from the hourly means or from point scalings the following equations should be used:

D=BD+d-SD ; H^Bjj+h-Sjj: Z=B~+5vSzwhere D, H and Z are absolute values;

and Br, are base-line values; and S are scale valuta;

and d, h and z are scalings In millimeters.

WUAAFORM76 133 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE (9-72) NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION

MAGNETIC ACTIVITY (Greenwich civil time, counted from midnight

DATE

1

234

5

6

7

8

910

11

12

13

14

15

16

1718

19

20

21

22 2324

25

26

27

28

29

30

to midnight)

K-INDICES

<n ic 01 <Mo o o i A £ A o o o o

1022 3246346621 2422 35

04 3524 25235521262345

01 1222 1321 14112622 14

1266 334500 24 1000 0000

00 1000 32 00 0010 10 0011

32 661126122412331156

«« »«-« - «- M M

£ £ 5 ^

032 5667334 3 1552

443553664562632

1 3 3463342522432

355 5 1 2432 1 0 1 0 1 0

0 0 1000 000000 0 1 2

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21211

22222

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00 00 2

11122

SUM

11

35341824

2527332526

1323192120

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3019191832

OBSERVATORY

College AlaskaMONTH AND YEAR

November 1988

AK

05 44471223

2125392925

0720122013

37 2111 02 00

0103 0001 03

3717171047

TIME SCALE ON MAGNETOGRAMS

20 nun/hr

SUDDEN COMMENCEMENTS

d h m

POSSIBLE SOLAR-FLARE EFFECTS BASED ON

INSPECTION OF GRAMS ALONE (WITHOUT

REFERENCE TO DATAFROM OTHER SOURCES)

BEGIN END

d h m d h m

K SCALE USED:

LOWER LIMIT FOR K = 9........

D

675.7CURRENT SCALE VALUE........ 3.70

LOWER LIMIT FOR K =9 ........ 2500

SCA LINGS AND COMPUTATIONS HAVE BEEN CHECKED.

APPROVED

H Z

322.27.79

2510

(mm)

(7/mm)

(to nearest 10 7)

John B. Townshend, Chief, College ObservatoryOBSERVER IN CHARGE

NOAA FORM 76-133 SUPERSEDES CftCS FORM 815 fr U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFIC E: 1973-701-657

NOAA FOR

M 86-5

00

(11/

73)

Data f

rom

Individual Qbaervatoriesi

PRINCIPAL MAGNETIC ST

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COLLEGE

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Nove

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1988

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