SURAH AL-IKHLAS

Quran Study Sessions – Session 3

Nov 17, 2019

❑ Objective

❑ To learn from each other the book of Allah (inspired by the Hadith: لمه خيركم من تعلم القرآن وعmeaning “Best among you are those who learn the Quran and teaches it”

❑ Mode

❑ Online (beyond geographical boundaries)

❑ Study circle

❑ Learn from various source: scholars, tafaseer (explanation of Quran) and share the learnings

❑ Interactive, not one way

❑ Some notes

❑ None of us claim to be scholars

❑ Any contentious issue, we will go back to scholars.

❑ Purpose of learning is to ponder over and implement in our own lives

About these Sessions

❑ Need for divine guidance

❑ Quran is words of GOD, revealed on the last Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)

❑ Neither prose nor poetry but series of divine orations

❑ Divine orations at different times but beautifully organized

❑ What this book demands

❑ Believe in it

❑ Understand it

❑ Ponder over it

❑ Act upon

❑ Spread the message

Quick Recap on Introduction to Quran

❑ Oath by Time to convey the importance of the message

❑ Address to Humanity

❑ Everybody is in Loss

❑ Exceptions:

❑ Believe

❑ Do good deeds

❑ Enjoin Truth

❑ Enjoin Patience

Quick Recap on Surah Al-Asr

Axis of Belief

Belief (α) Disbelief (α)

Good Deeds

Bad Deeds

Axis of Belief

Belief (α) Disbelief (α)

Good Deeds

Bad Deeds

• Conditions of Success

• Belief

Axis of Belief

Belief (α)

Disbelief (α)

Good Deeds

Bad Deeds

• Conditions of Success

• Belief

• Good deeds

• Enjoin Truth

• Enjoin Patience

Axis of Belief

Belief (α)

Disbelief (α)

Good Deeds

Bad Deeds

• Conditions of Success

• Belief

• Good deeds

• Enjoin Truth

• Enjoin Patience

• Loss

• Loss

• Loss

❑ ال إله إال هللا محمد رسول هللا

❑ There is no God but Allah, and Mohammed (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) is His messenger.

❑ Surah Al-Ikhas is the introduction to this One GOD

Belief

Surah Al-Ikhlas -112

❑ Say, “He is Allah, [who is] One

❑ Allah, the Eternal Refuge

❑ He neither begets nor is born

❑ Nor is there to Him any equivalent

❑ Generally the Surah Names are just identification and not related to contents

❑ But this Surah has the name which is about the content

❑ Ikhlas – meaning purification

❑ This Surah purifies the faith from Shirk (Polytheism)

❑ There are multiple names of this Surah

Surah Name

❑ According to the most scholars this Surah was revealed in Makkah

❑ One of the earliest Surahs to be revealed

❑ One of the last to be arranged in the Mushaf (Quran)

❑ Revealed as a result of Questions:

❑ Tell us the ancestry of your Lord?”

❑ Tell us if you Lord is made of gold or silver?

❑ What is his sex, does he eat or drink?

❑ Tell us the attributes of your Lord who sent you as a Prophet

❑ Many beliefs existed at the time (Polytheism, Christianity, Judaism, Zoroastrianism, Sabeans, etc.)

❑ Theme of this Surah – Tauheed (Oneness of God)

Time and Context of Revelation

❑ Many traditions of Hadith says the Surah is equivalent to 1/3rd of the Quran

❑ Three main doctrines in Quran

❑ Tauheed (Oneness of God)

❑ Apostleship

❑ Hereafter

❑ Love of this Surah leads to Paradise and Love of Allah

Merits

❑ Say - proclaim or declare or openly announce something

❑ First addressee is Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص), after him every believer

❑ He is Allah

❑ Allah was familiar name to the people of Makkah

❑ There are many (99+) names (such as Al-Rahman, Al-Raheem) of Allah, but Allah is considered as proper name by most scholars.

First verse – Oneness

❑ Ahad (more singular) vs Wahed

❑ Allah in its being is Ahad

❑ Allah in His attributes is Wahed

❑ One God is important for the universe to exist and sustain

❑ Say, [O Muhammad], "If there had been with Him [other] gods, as they say, then they [each] would have sought to the Owner of the Throne a way.“ (17-42)

First verse – Oneness

❑ Single code of ethics and morals are important

❑ Idea of oneness – extremely liberating

❑ Oneness should be internalizes and deeply rooted

First verse – Oneness

❑ Implications of Oneness of God:

❑ He alone is sustainer, no else share his providence

❑ He alone is the deity of worship

❑ He is the Creator of the universe, no one else is His associate in this

❑ He alone has been and will be God forever, neither there was a God before Him will there be any

❑ There no race or sex God, He is single and none is homogenous with Him

❑ He is free from every plurality

First verse – Oneness

❑ Scholastic breadth in the meaning of Al-Samad

❑ Allah, The Everlasting Sovereign

❑ The Self-Sufficient Master, Whom all creatures need, He neither eats nor drinks).

❑ Allah, the eternally Besought of all!

❑ Allah, the Eternal, Absolute;

❑ God the eternal.

❑ Allah is Besought of all, needing none.

❑ Allah, Who is in need of none and of Whom all are in need

❑ Allah, the Eternal Refuge.

Second verse – Al-Samad

❑ Many meaning of Samad:

❑ One who has no superior

❑ Chieftain who chieftaincy is perfect of most extraordinary kind

❑ He to whom people turn in times of calamity

❑ He who is independent of others and others are dependent on him

❑ He who is perfect all his attributes

❑ He who is immune to calamity

❑ He who is faultless, ever living and immortal

❑ Al-Samad – The …

Second verse – Al-Samad

❑ Wrong beliefs

❑People had concepts of God, like similar to men, married and had children

❑ Polytheist of Makkah used to believe angels as daughters

❑ Christians/Jews modified their beliefs that God has son

❑ If we to believe the above then

❑ God is not unique/one

❑ God needs help and support from children

❑ if God was born, then he didn’t existed before

Third verse

❑ All these have been negated

❑ Particularly in the first two verses (Ahad and As-Samad)

❑ But in this verse it is emphasized

❑ He neither begets

❑ He is nor begotten

Third verse - Neither begets nor begotten

❑ No one in the entire universe who is

❑ Similar to Allah

❑ Equal in rank with Him

❑ Resembling in His attributes works and powers in any degree

Fourth verse – No equivalent

❑ Have you seen the one who takes as his god his own desire? (25:43)

❑ Slave of own desires, lusts, own passions, carnal desires

❑ According to Prophet “Of all false gods being worshipped and served, instead of Allah, worst in the sight of Allah is one’s own lust (Tabrani)

Hidden Idols

هه هواه أفأنت ا أرأيت من اتخذ إل 25:43- تكون عليه وكي

Summary

❑ Belief of One God important for success

❑ Fundamental doctrine of Islam

❑ 1/3rd of the Quran

❑ Its love leads to paradise

❑ Belief should internalize and should be deeply rooted

❑ http://www.quranwebsite.com/tadaddbur-e-quran%20english/112%20Surah%20Ikhlas.pdf

❑ http://www.quranwebsite.com/read/025%20Al-Furqan.pdf

❑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q2_AbXfd28A

❑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EmsOlTxVjDs

❑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JSnU2wAnBP8

References

Thank You