Post on 04-Aug-2019
Malaysian Institute of
Planners
Malaysian Green
Technology Corp.
Developed by: Supported by:
STEVE ANTHONY LOJUNTINGREEN TOWNSHIP PROGRAMME
MALAYSIAN GREEN TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION @ GREENTECH MALAYSIATel: 019-2829102
Email: steve@greentechmalaysia.my / asetip@damansara.net
The National Context
CITIES & TOWNSHIP :
GREEN TECH MALAYSIA /
FEDERAL DEPT TOWN &
COUNTRY PLANNING
DEPT/ LOCAL GOVT
/DEVELOPERS/ KEY
STAKEHOLDERS
BUILDINGS :
GOVERNMENT AGENCIES &
INDUSTRY PLAYERS
POLICY :
GOVERNMENT MALAYSIA
- KeTTHA / KKR / NRE /
Other Ministries
LOW CARBON
CITIES
FRAMEWORK &
ASSESSMENT
SYSTEM
2
Low Carbon Building (alternative)
INTENSITY / GDP
3
Townships and Urban Development
Cities/Urban Areas Emit GHGSources of Green House Gas
50%14%19% 17%
Other Urban
Development
Industrial Agriculture Forestation
“CO2 is the most important anthropogenic of GHG and the main sources of
atmospheric CO2 is from burning of fossil fuels – 75% of increase in atmospheric CO2
since industrial times (Source: Cities and Climate Change – Global Report on Human Settlements 2011, UN-Habitat).
Commercial & Residential – 8%Transport – 13%Waste – 3%Electricity production
4
More People Living in Urban Areas/Cities
Population Malaysia
18 million (1990) to 27.6 million (2010) - increase by 53% (Source: Census Data, 2010)
Urbanization Rate
• 27% in 1960, 42% in 1990, 54% in 1994, 61.8% (2000) for
Malaysia, 65.4% (2000) for West Malaysia
• Expected to grow to 75% by 2020 (Source: RFN 2001)
Energy
• Energy Consumption – 61,279 metric tons (2005)
(40% transportation & 40% industrial)
• Energy Produced – 99,917 metric tons (2005)
• 2006 – CO2 emission – 187 million tons 7.2 metric tons/person
• 2004 – 5.9 metric tons/World 4.4 metric tons/person
Malaysia & Urbanisation- A Case for Change
5
Townships and Urban Development
Energy Generation, Water Treatment & Supply,
Transportations, Infrastructure, Industries
Townships and Urban Development
Land clearing, De-forestation,
Building Industry, Waste generation,
Non environmentally products
Townships and Urban Development
8
Low Carbon Cities Framework & Assessment System- Use of Document
This document is to assist
local authorities,
township developers,
designers and individuals
in assessing whether
developments carried out
within the city
contributes towards the
reduction or decrease in
GHG.
Was Launched in Sept 2011
9
10 %
Low Carbon Cities Framework & Assessment
System- Purpose of the Guiding Document
“It is my dream that one day we can live in a clean, healthy and
high quality environment, where cities, townships and communities
are built on the fundamentals of Green Technology”
YAB Dato’ Sri Mohd Najib Tun
Razak
To promote reduction of GHG in a township / cities towards
supporting government effort to reduce CO2 intensity / GDP by year
2020
SUSTAINABLE FRAMEWORK
Governance
Economy Services
Transport &
Mobility
Natural & Built
Environment
SUSTAINABLE TOWNSHIP
Community Well
Being
Equality &
Diversity
LCCF CARBON ASSESSMENT LCCF CARBON ASSESSMENT MurniNet /
LIVABILITY INDEX
MurniNet /
LIVABILITY INDEX MISSION (CO2 REDUCTION)MISSION (CO2 REDUCTION)
PERFORMANCE BASED
STANDARD
PERFORMANCE BASED
STANDARD
KEY ELEMENTSKEY ELEMENTS
Sustainable Framework for Low Carbon Cities
GREEN
NEIGHBOURHOOD
GUIDELINES (GNG)
GREEN
NEIGHBOURHOOD
GUIDELINES (GNG)
BuildingsUrban
Infrastructure
Urban
Transportation
Urban
Environment
11
Identify Elements to
Measure
•Understand which
elements contribute
most to the city’s GHG
emission
•Prioritize/choose which
elements to measure
(all?/specific elements?)
Territory Boundaries
or Area of Concern:
•Administrative
boundaries of the
city/any area of city.
•Single source solutions
Four (4) Main Components in the framework of GHG analysis
Current Status of GHG
emission
•Baseline information
on current GHG
emission level.
•BAU Levels –
projected emission
•If non available of
baseline data –
benchmarks against
other baselines can be
used as a guide.
Source of generation
•Identify the key
source of generation.
Targets
• Set targets for
reduction of GHG
emission
• Targets should be
achievable and
measurable
Gaps
• Identify the gaps
between current
emission status
and targets.
• Identify measures
Low Carbon Cities Framework & Assessment System– Key Features
Roadmaps
• Set a Roadmap
12
1. About the LCCAS Calculator
2. Who will use it?
3. The Relevance of the Assessment System and
Calculator
4. The Concepts and Principles
5. Carbon Neutrality
Contents of Report
IntroductionIntroduction
Sustainable Framework For Low Carbon
Cities
Sustainable Framework For Low Carbon
Cities
Low Carbon Cities FrameworkLow Carbon Cities Framework
The Low Carbon Cities Assessment
System (LCCAS) Calculator – Concepts
And Principles
The Low Carbon Cities Assessment
System (LCCAS) Calculator – Concepts
And Principles
1
2
3
5
Relevant Carbon FactorsRelevant Carbon Factors6
User GuideUser Guide7
1. Background of Low Carbon Cities Framework
2. A Case For Change
3. Malaysian Development & Sustainability
1. Sustainable Framework for Green City
2. Definition of Sustainable City
3. Definition of Green City
4. Definition of a Low Carbon City
5. Green City– Street Wise 1. Urban Environment
2. Urban Transportation
3. Urban Infrastructure
4. Building
1. Sustainable Framework for Low Carbon Cities
2. Key Features of a Green Township Framework
3. Criteria to Start the Low Carbon Cities Project
4. Steps to start Low Carbon Cities Framework at
Local Authority Level1. Using the LCCAS Calculator
2. Summary Sheet
Performance Criteria For Low Carbon
Cities
Performance Criteria For Low Carbon
Cities4
1. Introduction of Parameters for GHG
Reductions
2. Relationship To Carbon Parameters
3. Elements of Lifecycle Assessment
PART ONE – LCC Framework PART TWO – Assessment System
13
Performance Criteria for GHG Reductions for Cities
• Urban Environment
• Urban Transportation
• Urban Infrastructure
• Building
• Urban Environment (20)
• Urban Transportation (8)
• Urban Infrastructure (7)
• Building (7)
• Urban Environment (5)
• Urban Transportation (4)
• Urban Infrastructure (4)
• Building (2)
Save Green Save Future
13
Performance Criteria are measurable strategies to reduce carbon emission through:-- Policy control, Technological development, better process & product management, change in procurement system, carbon capture, consumption strategies & others.
UE 1 : Urban Footprint
UE 2 : Site Selection
UE 3 : Urban Form
UE 4 : Urban Greenery And Environmental Quality
5-1: Initiate Local Food Production
UE 5 : Urban Green Economy
1-1: Prioritize Development within defined urban footprint
1-2: Encourage sustainable development intensities
2-1: Select infill sites for development
2-2: Prioritize development projects within transit nodes and corridor
2-3: Select Brownfield and Grey field sites for redevelopment
2-4: Avoidance of flood prone area
2-5: Avoid hilly terrain area
2-6: Exceed existing by-laws for storm water mitigation
2-7: Reduction of earth work cut and fill quantities
3-1: Undertake mixed-use development
3-2: Reduce road and parking surfaces
3-3: Establish comprehensive pedestrian network
3-4: Establish comprehensive cycling network
3-5: Minimize site disturbance during construction
3-6: Reducing Urban Heat Island (UHI) effects through urban form innovation
4-1: Preserve natural ecology, water body and bio-diversity
4-2: Increase the area of green open space
4-3: Increase number of trees
4-4: Enhance air quality
14
Performance Criteria for Urban Environment
ELEMENT 1:
URBAN
ENVIRONMENT
ELEMENT 1:
URBAN
ENVIRONMENT
UE 1 : URBAN FOOT
UE 1 : URBAN FOOT
UE 2 : SITE SELECTIONUE 2 : SITE SELECTION
UE 3 : URBAN FORMUE 3 : URBAN FORM
UE 4 : URBAN GREENERY
& ENV QUALITY
UE 4 : URBAN GREENERY
& ENV QUALITY
UE 5 : URBAN GREEN
ECONOMY
UE 5 : URBAN GREEN
ECONOMY
5
PERFORMANCE
CRITERIA
5
PERFORMANCE
CRITERIA
20 SUB
CRITERIA
20 SUB
CRITERIA
ELEMENT 2:
URBAN
TRANSPORTATION
ELEMENT 2:
URBAN
TRANSPORTATION
UT 1 : SHIFT OF
TRANSPORT MODE
UT 1 : SHIFT OF
TRANSPORT MODE
UT 2 : GREEN
TRANSPORT
INFRASTRUCTURE
UT 2 : GREEN
TRANSPORT
INFRASTRUCTURE
UT 3 : CLEAN VEHICLESUT 3 : CLEAN VEHICLES
UT 4 : TRAFFIC
MANAGEMENT
UT 4 : TRAFFIC
MANAGEMENT
4
PERFORMANCE
CRITERIA
4
PERFORMANCE
CRITERIA
8 SUB CRITERIA8 SUB CRITERIA
15
Performance Criteria for Urban Transportation
UT 2 : Green Transport Infrastructure
UT 1 : Shift of Transport Mode
2-2: Encourage walking and cycling
3-2: Using low carbon impact fuel for private transportation
3-3: Encourage the usage of hybrid vehicles
UT 4 : Traffic Management
UT 3 : Clean Vehicles
1-1: Reduce Single Occupancy Vehicle (SOV) traveling
2-1: Increase utilization of public transportation
3-1: Using low carbon impact fuel for public transportation
4-1: Manage Excess Speeds of Motor Vehicles
4-2: Reduce Traffic Congestion and Improve Traffic Flows
ELEMENT 3:
URBAN
INFRASTRUCTURE
ELEMENT 3:
URBAN
INFRASTRUCTURE
UI 1 : INFRASTRUCTURE
PROVISION
UI 1 : INFRASTRUCTURE
PROVISION
UI 2 : WASTEUI 2 : WASTE
UI 3 : ENERGYUI 3 : ENERGY
UI 4 : WATER
MANAGEMENT
UI 4 : WATER
MANAGEMENT
4
PERFORMANCE
CRITERIA
4
PERFORMANCE
CRITERIA
7 SUB
CRITERIA
7 SUB
CRITERIA
16
Performance Criteria for Urban Infrastructure
1-1: Reduction in land area for infrastructure and utility services
1-2: Implement site wide district cooling system
UI 2 : Waste
UI 3 : Energy
UI 4 : Water Management
UI 1 : Infrastructure Provision
2-1: Reduction of construction and industrial wasteto landfill
3-1: Reduction of household solid waste to landfill
3-1: Optimization of energy consumption
3-2: Utilize Alternative Energy sources
4-1: Efficient Water Management
ELEMENT 4:
BUILDING
ELEMENT 4:
BUILDING
B 1 : LOW CARBON
BUILDINGS
B 1 : LOW CARBON
BUILDINGS
B 2 : COMMUNITY
SERVICES
B 2 : COMMUNITY
SERVICES
2
PERFORMANCE
CRITERIA
2
PERFORMANCE
CRITERIA
7 SUB CRITERIA7 SUB CRITERIA
17
Performance Criteria for Buildings
1-1: Increase the number of buildings with low
carbon footprint
1-2: Compliance to the building energy operational
emissions benchmark set by the Common
Carbon Metrics (CCM)
1-3: Compliance to the building water carbon
footprint set by the Common Carbon Metrics
(CCM)
1-4: Enhance building performance through
retrofitting
1-5: Optimize building orientation for passive and
active solar
and wind strategies
1-6: Implement chill water system from district
cooling plant for all buildings
2-1: Shared facilities and utilities within
building
B1 : Low Carbon Buildings
B2 : Community Services
Assessment Approach to Encourage Implementation
User can opt to undertake a One-System Approach or a City-based
Approach depending on their objective and capacity.
Criteria To Start Low Carbon Cities Project – Road Map/ Action Plan
19
Low Carbon Cities Framework & Assessment System- Flow and Relationship
PART 1 – LCC FRAMEWORK
PART 2 – LCC CALCULATOR
4 Elements
•Urban Environment
•Urban Transportation
•Urban Infrastructure
•Building
15 Performance
Criteria and 42 Sub
Criteria
Assessment Using
Carbon Calculator
Performance Based Assessment in the
form of Total Carbon Reduction
CARBON REDUCTION
Baseline emission
Reduced Carbon Footprint
ieProjected emission
Baseline
emission (A)
Reduced Carbon Footprint
ie Projected
emission (B)
Reduction in
CO2 (A-B=C)
% reduction CO2/total
CO2 (C/A x 100 = D)
Data to be filled in.
Parameters:1.No of households
2.No of shop lots3.No of offices
4.No of industries
Legend
Input data in yellow cells
Development details and Calculations
Benchmarks details and calculations
Summary table UT 1-1. Appear on every calculator sheet. Linked to
the summary of overall calculator
Sample Calculator
SUMMARY SHEET - Achievement Level Based On Application Of Weightage System
ABSOLUTE CO2
REDUCTION
ABSOLUTE CO2
REDUCTION
BP 2BP 2
Carbon Reduction
LevelAchievement Level
70-99%
Best Practice 5 (BP5)
50-69%
Best Practice 4 (BP4)
30-49%
Best Practice 3 (BP3)
10-29%
Best Practice 2 (BP2)
1%-9%
Best Practice 1 (BP1)
LCCF is a Performance Based Assessment
LCC ACHIEVEMENT LEVEL
• The environmental achievements
in a development are defined by
the sum of the CO2 reduction
over the baseline CO2 emissions.
• Projects/developments shall be
awarded with the corresponding
environmental performance
achievements according to the
achievement level.