St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University (SPbSPU)Radiophysics Department,

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) Laboratory

radar@radio.rphf.spbstu.ru http://radio.rphf.spbstu.ru/a263/a263.htm

Director:Evgeni E. Svechnikov (Ph.D.)

Researchers:Andrei A. BelovGeorgi P. ZhabkoPavel A. Krinski

UWB Ground Penetrating Radars (GPR)

GPR for rebar detection in concrete (ptofile)

GPR for rebar detection in concrete (map)

Monument 1000-years of Russia (Novgorod)

3-D GPR Image (monument, Novgorod, Russia)

GPR maps (17-th century church, Vladimir, Russia)

GPR Data Migration (6 pipes, right – raw data, left – migrated data)

Antarctic GPR (glaciers, subglacial lakes)

Antarctic GPR (subglacial lake Vostok)

Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE), Eddy-Current

Low Frequency Eddy-current Testing of Pipes (experiment)

Low Frequency Eddy-current Testing of Pipes (experiment)

Eddy-current Testing - Magnetic Field 3-D Images Showing Various Defects

Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE), Microwaves

Millimeter Wave Nondestructive Testing (NDT), Composites

Millimeter Wave Nondestructive Testing (NDT), Composites

Верхний слой стеклопластика

Гофра (стеклопластик, 1.5 мм)

Заполнитель

16

Углепластик

48 (

45)

3 (2

)

70

48

Нижний слой стеклопластика

2(2.

5)

0

Клей

Millimeter Wave Nondestructive Testing (NDT), Composites

Millimeter wave crack detector

Metal

Die

lect

ric

Millimeter Wave Radars

Millimeter Wave Short Range Radar

Millimeter Wave Short Range Radar (objects)

Millimeter Wave Short Range Radar (detection)

Prototype Software for Coastal and Marine Millimeter Wave Radar

Prototype Software for Coastal and Marine Millimeter Wave Radar

UWB Pulse Technology

UWB Pulse Examples1 ns pulses

T (0 - 3 ns)

A

1

1

gmono i( )

gmonod i( )

0

0.1

0.9

3 N3 N i

Frequency spectrum (1ns pulses, 0-2 GHz)

F ( 0 - 2 GHz)

S(F)

0.138

0

gmonovectfft k

gmonodvectfft k

2000 k

SRD, 100ps/div Transistor, 2ns/div

UWB Pulse Generator (Spark Gaps)

-3 kV

Output

SG1SG1SG1

R1

L1C1

R2

L2

R1

L1C1

R2

L2

R1

L1C1

R2

L2Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3

Rstage

UWB Pulse Antenna (Experiment)

SWR

Tx Antenna

Emax

V/m

UWB Pulse Array (x3)

Antenna Research

Ultrawideband GPR Antenna

270

430

140

140

320

0-50

48

700

78

Ultrawideband GPR Antenna

Antenna Input SWR

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

100 150 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 1000

Frequency, MHz

SW

R

air gap 5 cm, dry sand, eps=3

air gap 5 cm, concrete, eps=8

air gap 0 cm, concrete, eps=8

Ultrawideband (UWB) GPR antenna testing

24 GHz Monopulse Microstrip Array

24 GHz Monopulse Microstrip Array

24 GHz Monopulse Microstrip Array

Wideband Horn Antenna

Wideband Horn Antenna (10, 24, 35 GHz)

-15

-12

-9

-6

-3

0

-45 -35 -25 -15 -5 5 15 25 35 45

26 Ghz

26 Ghz(calc.)

33.4 Ghz

33.4 GHz(calc.)

Bluetooth Antenna (Simulation)

Bluetooth Antenna (Experiment)

Interdigitated Capacitor

1 2C

Interdigitated Capacitor (Experiment)

10 15 20 25 30 35 400

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1Reflect ion Coefficient S11

F, GHz

1.00

0

S11exp

S11sim

S11LC

4010 f

Interdigitated Capacitor

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Frequency (GHz)

S11S12

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

|S[1,1]|emsim

|S[1,2]|emsim

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Frequency (GHz)

S11S12

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

|S[1,1]|emsim

|S[1,2]|emsim

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Frequency (GHz)

S11S12

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

|S[1,1]|emsim

|S[1,2]|emsim

Measurement of Electrical Properties of Materials

Measurement Of Electrical Properties Of Concrete

0 6 108 1.2 109 1.8 109 2.4 109 3 10960

45

30

15

0

Hz

dB

S11exp j

S11th f11 jtgm m

f11 j

F, Ãö

ýêñï åðèì åí ò

òåî ðèÿ

S11, äÁ

Electrical Properties Of NaCl Water Solution Vs. Frequency (GPR Lab, Experiment)

1

10

100

1000

10000

0 500 1000 1500 2000

f, MHz

ε"

0.1%

0.2%

0.5%

1%

2%

3.5%

Solution #2ρ=0.185 Ом·м at 25ºC, 35g NaCl, 1000g water

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

10 100 1000

frequency, MHz

ε'×

10

, ε"

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

Γ,

dB

/m

ε'×10, 25⁰C

ε", 25⁰C

ε'×10, 35⁰C

ε", 35⁰C

Γ, 25⁰C

Γ, 35⁰C

Various Projects

Fiber Optic Vibration Sensor

Human Digging Signal Fast Car Signal

Custom Computer Interface (PLC) for a Pulse Generator (hardware, software)

St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University (SPbSPU)Radiophysics Department,

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) Laboratory

radar@radio.rphf.spbstu.ru http://radio.rphf.spbstu.ru/a263/a263.htm

Director:Evgeni E. Svechnikov (Ph.D.)

Researchers:Andrei A. BelovGeorgi P. ZhabkoPavel A. Krinski