USII.4a FCPS DRAFT 2004 - Sources cited in the notes section

Spanish American WarSpanish American War

What we’re going to do today

Agenda: – Warm Up– Cornell Notes– Road Map to War

By the end of class, you will be able to explain the reasons for the Spanish American War and the results of this conflict

By the end of class, you will be able to explain the reasons for the Spanish American War and the results of this conflict

Isolationism

Stay separate/out of other nation’s business. Neutral

Nationalism

Strong pride in or devotion to your OWN country, often excessive

Imperialism

Complete control of a weaker/newer nation’s social, economic, political life by a stronger nation

Expansionism or Imperialism

Territory How? Why?

Louisiana Purchased from France for $15 million

Land & Exploration: All water route to the ocean

Texas, California, Arizona, New Mexico

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

Land & Gold

Alaska Purchased from Russia: $7.2 million

Gold

Hawaii Uprising Sugar Cane

Philippines, Guam and Puerto Rico

Spanish American War Sugar Cane & Rubber in Cuba

Explain orExplain ordescribedescribe

thisthiscartooncartoon

1.1. What is What is missing from missing from the man’s the man’s belt and how belt and how was it was it labeled?labeled?

2.2. What was the What was the label on the label on the man’s hat?man’s hat?

The U.S. The U.S. emerged as a emerged as a world power world power as a result of as a result of victory over victory over Spain in the Spain in the

Spanish-Spanish-American WarAmerican War

Economic interests and public opinion Economic interests and public opinion often influenced U.S. involvement in often influenced U.S. involvement in

international affairsinternational affairs

Causes or ReasonsCauses or Reasons

1.1. Protection of American business Protection of American business interests or interests or economic interesteconomic interest in in CubaCuba

RubberRubber

Sugar CaneSugar Cane

2.2. American support of Cuban American support of Cuban rebelsrebels to to gain gain independenceindependence from from SpainSpain

From: Liberty: The Story of Cuba by Horatio S. Rubens; http://www.historyofcuba.com/gallery/gal8.htm

3.3. The sinking of the The sinking of the U.S.S. MaineU.S.S. Maine in in the Havana Harbor of the Havana Harbor of CubaCuba

4.4. Yellow JournalismYellow Journalism

What was What was Yellow Yellow

JournalismJournalism??

Exciting but Exciting but ununtrue stories true stories printed by a printed by a

newspaper to newspaper to attract more attract more readers and readers and

sell more sell more newspapersnewspapers

Symbol ofSymbol ofYellow Yellow

JournalismJournalism

Explain ordescribe

this cartoon

War has Been Declared by Charles L. (Bart) Bartholomew, Minneapolis Journal, Feb. 25, 1898 - Cannon balls labeled Fake, Scare, Myth, Sensation, Rumor, Yarn, & Story

Is this “Yellow Journalism”?

Explain ordescribe this

cartoon

SO…SO…under pressure under pressure from American from American public opinion, public opinion,

President William President William McKinleyMcKinley

declared war on declared war on SpainSpain in 1898 in 1898

The war was fought in two places:

1. Cuba and

2. the Philippines

In Cuba, In Cuba, Theodore RooseveltTheodore Roosevelt was the leader of a was the leader of a special army unit called the special army unit called the Rough RidersRough Riders

With the help of the 10With the help of the 10thth Cavalry, they Cavalry, they defeated Spanish troops at the battle of defeated Spanish troops at the battle of

San Juan HillSan Juan Hill

The Spanish-The Spanish-American War American War

was was alsoalso fought fought in in the the

PhilippinesPhilippines……

The United States attacked and destroyed The United States attacked and destroyed Spain’s Pacific fleet in the Philippine Spain’s Pacific fleet in the Philippine

IslandsIslands

What does What does this headlinethis headline

tell us?tell us?

In 1898, the war ended and Spain In 1898, the war ended and Spain recognized Cuba’s independencerecognized Cuba’s independence

The The ResultsResults

1.1. CubaCuba gained gained independenceindependence from from SpainSpain

New York Public Library, United States History, Local History and Genealogy DivisionW. A. Rogers. "The Battle of Desmayo – The Cuban Balaklava." In: Harper's Pictorial History of the War with Spain. Vol. 1. New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1899.

2.2. The United States gained The United States gained possessionpossession of of territories territories overseasoverseas

• GuamGuam

• PhilippinesPhilippines

• Puerto RicoPuerto Rico

3.3. The United States was now seen as a The United States was now seen as a world powerworld power

The U.S. The U.S. emerged as a emerged as a world power world power as a result of as a result of victory over victory over Spain in the Spain in the

Spanish-Spanish-American WarAmerican War

Closure: Road to WarDraw a “road to war” with FOUR steps on it to represent each of the four reasons the U.S. went to war with Spain in 1898. Use your notes to help you.

Foreign Policy Under Foreign Policy Under President Roosevelt President Roosevelt

Under President Under President Theodore Theodore

Roosevelt, the Roosevelt, the U.S. U.S. expandedexpanded its its interest in world interest in world

affairs by…affairs by…

……preventing preventing European European

involvement in involvement in the affairs of Latin the affairs of Latin

American American Countries. This Countries. This was known as was known as The Roosevelt The Roosevelt

CorollaryCorollary..

The Roosevelt The Roosevelt Corollary Corollary

asserted the U.S. asserted the U.S. the right to…the right to…

……interfere in the interfere in the economic economic

matters of other matters of other nations in the nations in the

Americas and.. Americas and..

……exercise international police powers exercise international police powers when necessary, also known as when necessary, also known as Big Big

Stick Diplomacy.Stick Diplomacy.

Big Stick Big Stick Diplomacy Diplomacy

Negotiate when Negotiate when possible, but use possible, but use

military force military force when necessary when necessary to achieve goals to achieve goals in Latin America.in Latin America.

The building of The building of the the Panama Canal Panama Canal by the U.S.,by the U.S., is an is an

example of example of President President Theodore Theodore

Roosevelt’s use of Roosevelt’s use of Big Stick Big Stick

Diplomacy. Diplomacy.

Closure: What is Uncle Sam talking about?Closure: What is Uncle Sam talking about?

Well,I

hardly know which to take first!

How much How much do youdo you

remember? remember?

1.1. The most important reason of The most important reason of Yellow JournalismYellow Journalism is to… is to…

a.a. Tell the truthTell the truth

b.b. Cause or create revolutionsCause or create revolutions

c.c. Win support for a specific personWin support for a specific person

d.d. Sell more newspapersSell more newspapers

2.2. The geography of Cuba is…The geography of Cuba is…

a.a. An area connected to the mainland by a An area connected to the mainland by a

thin strip of landthin strip of land

b.b. A mixture of valleys and hillsA mixture of valleys and hills

c.c. A small island with mountainsA small island with mountains

d.d. Wide, flat plainsWide, flat plains

3.3. Use the cartoon to summarize Use the cartoon to summarize Cuba’s situation in the 1890s?Cuba’s situation in the 1890s?

a.a. The United States’ army helped Spain The United States’ army helped Spain stop a revoltstop a revolt

b.b. Spain invaded CubaSpain invaded Cuba

c.c. The people of Cuba rebelled against The people of Cuba rebelled against the Spanish mismanaged governmentthe Spanish mismanaged government

d.d. A big fire destroyed all of Cuba’s A big fire destroyed all of Cuba’s sugar fieldssugar fields

4.4. Which country ruled Cuba Which country ruled Cuba during the time-period of this during the time-period of this

cartoon?cartoon?

a.a. The United StatesThe United States

b.b. EnglandEngland

c.c. FranceFrance

d.d. SpainSpain

5.5. The word “anarchy” is shown in The word “anarchy” is shown in the fire. What does it mean?the fire. What does it mean?

a.a. FlamesFlames

b.b. Lawless and confusionLawless and confusion

c.c. Foreign governmentForeign government

d.d. Corrupt ruleCorrupt rule

6.6. The U.S. became a world power The U.S. became a world power after the Spanish-American War after the Spanish-American War

because…because…

a.a. The U.S. followed a policy of The U.S. followed a policy of isolationismisolationism

b.b. The U.S. wanted to avoid war with other The U.S. wanted to avoid war with other nationsnations

c.c. The U.S. now had territories around the The U.S. now had territories around the worldworld

d.d. American businessmen invested in American businessmen invested in sugar plantations in Chinasugar plantations in China

7.7. Which parts of the world came Which parts of the world came under U.S. control as a result of under U.S. control as a result of

the Spanish-American War?the Spanish-American War?

a.a. Alaska and HawaiiAlaska and Hawaii

b.b. Columbia and VenezuelaColumbia and Venezuela

c.c. Puerto Rico, Guam, and the PhilippinesPuerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines

d.d. The Panama Canal ZoneThe Panama Canal Zone

8.8. What effect did the Spanish-What effect did the Spanish-American War have on the U.S.?American War have on the U.S.?

a.a. The U.S. became opposed to The U.S. became opposed to colonialismcolonialism

b.b. Nationalism became a part of U.S. Nationalism became a part of U.S. foreign policyforeign policy

c.c. Moral diplomacy was replaced by Moral diplomacy was replaced by gunboat diplomacygunboat diplomacy

d.d. The U.S. emerged as a world powerThe U.S. emerged as a world power

Spanish-American WarSpanish-American War

• Put together by Michelle Ratliff for Put together by Michelle Ratliff for Fairfax County Public SchoolsFairfax County Public Schools

• Sources are sited on each slide in the Sources are sited on each slide in the notes sectionnotes section

• This PowerPoint has been created for This PowerPoint has been created for use by Fairfax County Public School use by Fairfax County Public School TeachersTeachers

The building of The building of the the Panama Canal Panama Canal by the U.S.,by the U.S., is an is an

example of example of President President Theodore Theodore

Roosevelt’s use of Roosevelt’s use of Big Stick Big Stick

Diplomacy. Diplomacy.

http://www.pancanal.com/eng/general/howitworks/como-tour.html