Social class and achievement

Concept sort

Cultural deprivation

material deprivation

EXTERNAL FACTORS

Speech codes

Parental interest

Basil Bernstein

JWB Douglas

Parental socialisation

BarrySugarman

Fatalism

Immediate gratification

Pre-school socialisation

Longitudinal study

The middle class

• visit schools• Future success•Encouraged effort

The middle class

• stress high achievement• Demand more of children• Reward success• Encourage constant

improvement• Stimulating environment

FEINSTEIN

• impact of nursery education

• Parental encouragement

• Parental interest more important than material deprivation

Cultural capital

PierreBourdieu

Cultural reproduction

Middle class parents play the system

(ie, transport and catchment areas)

Resources = limited support

for children

Raymond Boudon

Effects of stratification

Material effects – poverty

Social effects – cost/benefits of changing

social class position

Effects of stratification

Material effects – poverty

Social effects – cost/benefits of changing

social class position

Marxist

Evaluation of cultural deprivation

• Social class divisions are fading

• Ethnocentric

• Material factors hold back working class

• Victimology

• Working class are not one homogenous group

IN-SCHOOL FACTORS

Interactionist theories

Typing/Labelling

Hargreaves

- Students appearance and

attitude

RIST

Kindergarten

Family backround

BECKER

Ideal studentMiddle class

Self-FulfillingProphecy

Rosenthal & Jacobson

Self-concept

Predictions

school organisation

setting/banding

treated differently by

group

STEPHEN BALL

Judgments based on Dad’s job

Conformist pupils in higher sets

KEDDIE

different groups access different

types of knowledge

Pupil subcultures

Hargreaves

pupils labelled trouble = sense

of failure

working class students feel

frustrated and develop values

where they can win

Evaluation points

Evaluation points

Evaluation points

Evaluation points

Evaluation points

Evaluation points

Evaluation points