9.3 Political Parties Emerge

9.3 Political Parties Emerge

Big Idea...Big Idea...

Why did many Americans distrust the idea of political parties?

Why did many Americans distrust the idea of political parties?

Essential QuestionEssential Question

How did the views of Hamilton and Jefferson differ?

How did the views of Hamilton and Jefferson differ?

Guiding Questions….Guiding Questions….

Why did political parties develop?

Why did political parties develop?

Guiding Questions….Guiding Questions….

How did the election of 1796 increase political tensions?

How did the election of 1796 increase political tensions?

Basis of economy/Federalist (1)

Basis of economy/Federalist (1)

Manufacturing and trade

Manufacturing and trade

Basis of economy/ DR (5)

Basis of economy/ DR (5)

FarmingFarming

Federal or state powers/

Federalist (2)

Federal or state powers/

Federalist (2)The federal government has more power than state governments

The federal government has more power than state governments

Federal or state powers/DR (6)

Federal or state powers/DR (6)

Federal government as small as possible

Federal government as small as possible

Constitution/Federalist (3)

Constitution/Federalist (3)

looseloose

Constitution/ DR (7)Constitution/ DR (7)

StrictStrict

Foreign Policy/Federalist (4)

Foreign Policy/Federalist (4)

Pro-BritishPro-British

Foreign Policy/DR(8)

Foreign Policy/DR(8)

Pro-FrenchPro-French

Distrust of Political Parties

Distrust of Political PartiesAmericans had seen

how factions, or opposing groups within parties, worked in Britain. Members of factions were often more interested in personal gain than in public good.

Americans had seen how factions, or opposing groups within parties, worked in Britain. Members of factions were often more interested in personal gain than in public good.

Distrust of Political Parties

Distrust of Political Parties

Political parties could be a threat to national unity. They could lead to “jealousies and false alarms.”

Political parties could be a threat to national unity. They could lead to “jealousies and false alarms.”

Different Views ofHamilton and JeffersonDifferent Views of

Hamilton and Jefferson

Issue: Manufacturing or FarmingIssue: Manufacturing or Farming

Hamilton: Thought the government should encourage manufacturing and trade. Favored cities and merchants.

Hamilton: Thought the government should encourage manufacturing and trade. Favored cities and merchants.

http://www.c-span.org/video/?182637-1/hamiltonburr-duel-200th-anniversary

http://www.c-span.org/video/?182637-1/hamiltonburr-duel-200th-anniversary

Aaron BurrAaron Burr

2-6-17569-14-1836

2-6-17569-14-1836

Weehawken, New Jersey,Weehawken, New Jersey,On July 11, 1804, the enemies met outside at the same spot where Hamilton's son had died. Both men fired, and Hamilton was mortally wounded by a shot right above the hip.

On July 11, 1804, the enemies met outside at the same spot where Hamilton's son had died. Both men fired, and Hamilton was mortally wounded by a shot right above the hip.

Alexander HamiltonAlexander Hamilton

1-11-17557-12-1804

1-11-17557-12-1804

Issue: Manufacturing or FarmingIssue: Manufacturing or Farming

Jefferson: Thought farmers were the

backbone of the nation. Feared manufacturing would concentrate power in the hands of a few wealthy Americans.

Jefferson: Thought farmers were the

backbone of the nation. Feared manufacturing would concentrate power in the hands of a few wealthy Americans.

Issue: Federal or State powerIssue: Federal or State powerHamilton: Federal government

should have greater power than state governments. A strong federal government would increase commerce and keep the peace.

Hamilton: Federal government

should have greater power than state governments. A strong federal government would increase commerce and keep the peace.

Issue: Federal or State powerIssue: Federal or State powerJefferson: A small federal

government would protect individual freedom. A strong federal government might take over powers the Constitution gave to the states.

Jefferson: A small federal

government would protect individual freedom. A strong federal government might take over powers the Constitution gave to the states.

Issue: Interpretation of the U.S. Constitution

Issue: Interpretation of the U.S. Constitution

Hamilton: Preferred a loose interpretation of the Constitution. Believed the Constitution gave Congress the power to make all laws “necessary and proper” to carry out its duties. The Bank of the United States was necessary.

Hamilton: Preferred a loose interpretation of the Constitution. Believed the Constitution gave Congress the power to make all laws “necessary and proper” to carry out its duties. The Bank of the United States was necessary.

Issue: Interpretation of the U.S. ConstitutionIssue: Interpretation of the U.S. Constitution

Jefferson: Preferred a strict interpretation. Any power not specifically given to the federal government belonged to the states. The Bank of the United States was unconstitutional, or not permitted by the Constitution.

Jefferson: Preferred a strict interpretation. Any power not specifically given to the federal government belonged to the states. The Bank of the United States was unconstitutional, or not permitted by the Constitution.

Why Political Parties Developed

Why Political Parties Developed

Hamilton and Jefferson clashed in private.

Jefferson and James Madison decided to organize the supporters of their views. They met with leading New York politicians.

Hamilton and Jefferson clashed in private.

Jefferson and James Madison decided to organize the supporters of their views. They met with leading New York politicians.

Why Political Parties Developed

Why Political Parties Developed

Leaders in other states organized to support either Hamilton or Jefferson. Jefferson’s supporters called themselves Democratic Republicans. Hamilton’s supporters were called Federalists.

Newspapers began to take sides.

Leaders in other states organized to support either Hamilton or Jefferson. Jefferson’s supporters called themselves Democratic Republicans. Hamilton’s supporters were called Federalists.

Newspapers began to take sides.

Election of 1796Election of 1796

Republican Candidates:Thomas Jefferson for PresidentAaron Burr for Vice President

Election of 1796Election of 1796

Federalists Candidates:• John Adams for President• Thomas Pinckney for Vice President

Federalists Candidates:• John Adams for President• Thomas Pinckney for Vice President

Amendment

Amendment

12th -1804

22- 1951

12th -1804

22- 1951

Formative AssessmentFormative Assessment

One issue the first political parties clashed over was...

One issue the first political parties clashed over was...

a) which should be stronger—the central government or the state governments.b) whether the United States should expand beyond its original borders.c) whether George Washington should be permitted to retire.

a) which should be stronger—the central government or the state governments.b) whether the United States should expand beyond its original borders.c) whether George Washington should be permitted to retire.

Formative AssessmentFormative Assessment

In 1796, the person with the most votes became President, and the person with the second highest number of votes became Vice President. One problem this caused in the election of 1796 was that...

In 1796, the person with the most votes became President, and the person with the second highest number of votes became Vice President. One problem this caused in the election of 1796 was that...

a) candidates for President and Vice President had to run together on the same ticket.b) the views of the opposing candidates were the same.c) the people chosen as President and Vice President were from opposing parties.

a) candidates for President and Vice President had to run together on the same ticket.b) the views of the opposing candidates were the same.c) the people chosen as President and Vice President were from opposing parties.